Abstract: Provided is a nozzle tip assembly having at least one tube member housed within a tubular shell, the tube member having a first passage connecting the first outlet port to the first inlet port and a second passage connecting the second outlet port to the second inlet port. The configuration of the tube member allows the tubular shell to be sized such that separation of fluid flowing around the tubular shell is reduced, thereby reducing the amount of aerodynamic wake that occurs in an injector.

Abstract: A pilot operated fluid pressure relief valve has a main valve operable by opposed piston areas, both normally exposed to inlet pressure whenever that is below the maximum pressure setting of the valve. A pressure responsive pilot valve is exposed to inlet pressure through a restricted path and when open, exhausts fluid from the piston area which holds the main valve closed. The restricted pathway contains two laminar flow orifices one of which is between the inlet and the valve closing piston area and the other is between the valve closing piston area and the outlet through the pilot valve. This arrangement provides good damping of oscillations, while minimizing any changes in effective opening pressure which are otherwise caused by the use of a single laminar flow orifice for damping purposes.