Abstract: A liquid panel assembly configured to be used with an energy exchanger may include a support frame having one or more fluid circuits and at least one membrane secured to the support frame. Each of the fluid circuits may include an inlet channel connected to an outlet channel through one or more flow passages. A liquid is configured to flow through the fluid circuits and contact interior surfaces of the membrane(s). The fluid circuits are configured to at least partially offset liquid hydrostatic pressure with friction loss of the liquid flowing within the fluid circuits to minimize, eliminate, or otherwise reduce pressure within the liquid panel assembly.

Abstract: A liquid panel assembly configured to be used with an energy exchanger may include a support frame having one or more fluid circuits and at least one membrane secured to the support frame. Each of the fluid circuits may include an inlet channel connected to an outlet channel through one or more flow passages. A liquid is configured to flow through the fluid circuits and contact interior surfaces of the membrane(s). The fluid circuits are configured to at least partially offset liquid hydrostatic pressure with friction loss of the liquid flowing within the fluid circuits to minimize, eliminate, or otherwise reduce pressure within the liquid panel assembly.

Abstract: A membrane support assembly is configured to be used with an energy exchanger, and is configured to be positioned within a fluid channel between first and second membranes. The assembly may include at least one support member configured to span between the first and second membranes, wherein the support member(s) is configured to support the fluid channel, and at least one turbulence promoter connected to the support member(s). The turbulence promoter(s) is configured to promote fluid turbulence within the fluid channel. The fluid turbulence within the fluid channel enhances energy transfer between the fluid channel and the first and second membranes.