Abstract: A method of rapidly dissolving finely divided individual particles of water-soluble vinyl addition polymers which comprises adding to water which contains from 0.5 to 10% by weight of a water-soluble surfactant, dry particles of a vinyl addition polymer, which particles have been coated with an oil-soluble emulsifier to provide a discrete organic solvent-free coating about such individual particles, having an HLB value between 4 and 9.

Abstract: A method of producing acrylamide from acrylonitrile in the presence of a metallic conversion catalyst which comprises contacting an oil-in-water emulsion of acrylonitrile, said water phase being the continuous phase and containing up to 7% acrylonitrile and said oil phase being the dispersed phase and containing the remaining acrylonitrile to be converted to acrylamide, whereby a substantial portion of the acrylonitrile is converted to acrylamide which remains in the aqueous phase of the oil-in-water emulsion, and then an additional low HLB emulsifier is added to invert the oil-in-water emulsion to a water-in-oil emulsion containing acrylamide.

Abstract: A tire tread adhesive or cement having superior green tack, excellent cured adhesion, and rapid drying time is disclosed. The tread cement comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having an oil continuous phase in which is dissolved a vulcanizable rubber compound. The water-in-oil emulsion tread adhesive may contain from 20-80% water, thereby minimizing environmental contamination on drying.

Abstract: A method of producing acrylamide from acrylonitrile in the presence of a metallic conversion catalyst which comprises contacting a water-in-oil emulsion of acrylonitrile which is contained in the dispersed aqueous phase of the emulsion under conditions whereby a substantial portion of the acrylonitrile is converted to acrylamide which remains in the aqueous phase of the emulsion.

Abstract: The abstract of the disclosure is a method of rapidly preparing a dilute aqueous solution of poly N,N lower dialkylaminomethyl acrylamide and copolymers thereof having a molecular weight greater than 500,000 and a cationic charge of 1-90% which comprises:A. forming a water-in-oil emulsion of polyacrylamide or copolymers thereof, said water-in-oil emulsion containing in weight percentages:(1) 5 to 60% polymer;(2) 5 to 75% hydrophobic liquid;(3) 0.1 to 21% water-in-oil emulsifying agent;(4) 2 to 90% water;B. adding to the water-in-oil emulsion of step A a water soluble salt of a secondary amine having alkyl groups containing 1-3 carbon atoms in an amount, so as to provide 0.1-1.1 moles of secondary amine for each mole of amide functionality on said polymer;C. preparing a dry formaldehyde composition by mixing together:(1) paraformaldehyde;(2) dry alkalinity control agent(3) water-soluble high HLB surfactant capable of inverting the water-in-oil emulsion of step A;D.

Abstract: An improved process for synthesizing high molecular weight polyamines utilizing a self-limiting neutralizing agent to maintain a generally constant alkaline ph over the course of the synthesis reaction, and the improved high molecular weight polyamines produced thereby.

Abstract: An improved process for synthesizing high molecular weight polyamines utilizing a self-limiting neutralizing agent to maintain a generally constant alkaline pH over the course of the synthesis reaction, and the improved high molecular weight polyamines produced thereby.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the hydrolysis of acrylamide polymers utilizing less than stoichiometric amounts of a hydrolysis agent selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides and alkali metal sulfites. The process is conducted with a water-in-oil emulsion (latex) of the acrylamide polymer at an elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: The dissolution rate of water-soluble polymers in water can be precisely controlled. This is accomplished by inverting a water-in-oil emulsion containing the water-soluble vinyl polymer into water which contains at the time of inversion an exact amount of an emulsifier system having an HLB number which has been predetermined to produce a specific solubility rate for the water-soluble vinyl polymer.

Abstract: In a process for recovering oil from underground formations of the type wherein a dilute aqueous solution of an acrylamide polymer is injected into one or more wells the improvement which comprises: establishing near the one or more wells a small chemical plant and a source of acrylonitrile for producing an acrylamide polymer in the form of water-in-oil emulsion, which plant performs the following sequence of steps:1. Forming a water-in-oil emulsion of acrylonitrile utilizing as an oil source crude oil recovered from the underground formation;2. Contacting said emulsion with a conversion catalyst under reaction conditions to convert a substantial portion of the acrylonitrile to acrylamide thereby forming a water-in-crude-oil emulsion which contains a substantial portion of acrylamide;3.

Abstract: A blend which contains homopolymers useful for imparting wet and dry strength to pulp and paper fibers which comprises a major amount of non-ionic polyacrylamide, together with glyoxal to impart crosslinking and a cationic regulator selected from the group consisting of a low molecular weight dimethyl amine epichlorohydrin copolymer, a low molecular weight ethylene dichloride ammonia condensation polymer, and a polyvinyl benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride polymer. A buffer such as tetrasodium pyrophosphate may be used. A dosage of 0.2-5% by weight (preferred 0.5-2% by weight) based on the dry weight of fiber is utilized.

Abstract: An aqueous solution of(a) acrylic acid;(b) an iron acrylate from the group consisting of ferrous or ferric acrylates;(c) methylene bis acrylamide; and(d) a water-soluble polymerization catalyst which also is a reducing agent when the iron acrylate is ferric acrylate and an oxidizing agent when the iron acrylate is ferrous acrylate;with the ratio of (a) to (b) being between 10:0.1 to 10:1.5, which solution forms a water resistant gel.

Abstract: A blend which contains homopolymers useful for imparting wet and dry strength to pulp and paper fibers which comprises a major amount of non-ionic polyacrylamide, together with glyoxal to impart crosslinking and polymeric diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC) as a cationic modifier. A buffer such as tetrasodium pyrophosphate may be used. A dosage of 0.2-5% by weight (preferred 0.5-2% by weight) based on the dry weight of fiber is utilized.

Abstract: A method of producing a water-in-oil emulsion of ammonium polyacrylate which comprises polymerizing a water-in-oil emulsion of ammonium acrylate in the presence of a water-in-oil emulsifier, and a free radical polymerization catalyst with the amount of oil initially present in said emulsion being at least 15% by weight, continuing said polymerization until substantially all of the ammonium acrylate has polymerized to form ammonium polyacrylate, allowing a major portion of the oil in the oil phase of the emulsion to separate as a polymer-free upper layer, thus leaving as a lower layer a water-in-oil emulsion of ammonium polyacrylate, which emulsion contains less than 10% by weight of oil. Also described are the polymeric emulsions produced using the above described method.

Abstract: Quarternary modified water-soluble polymers can be conveniently prepared in solid form by precipitation of the polymer with a water-in-oil emulsion of the polymer utilizing water-soluble organic solvents which are non-solvents for the cationic polymer.

Abstract: An improved process for rapidly preparing amino methylated derivatives of dilute aqueous solutions of acrylamide polymers which comprises the steps:A. Preparing a 2.8-6% aqueous solution of an acrylamide polymer which has a molecular weight of at least 500,000;B. Adding to the solution formed in A approximately 1 mole of formaldehyde and approximately 1 mole of a dialkyl amine which contains from 2-4 carbon atoms based on the amide content of the acrylamide polymer under conditions of good agitation;C. Reacting the acrylamide polymer with the formaldehyde and the dialkyl amine at a temperature between 80-100.degree. C. for a period of time ranging between 2-15 minutes to form an amino methylated acrylamide polymer.C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl quaternary ammonium salt derivatives of these amino methylated acrylamide polymers may be prepared by adjusting the pH to 8.4-8.7 and reacting them with a lower alkyl quaternizing agent at a temperature ranging between 50.degree.-80.degree. C.

Abstract: An aqueous solution of(a) acrylic acid;(b) cupric acrylate;(c) methylene bis acrylamide; and(d) a water-soluble polymerization catalyst which also is a reducing agent;with the ratio of (a) to (b) being between 10:0.1 to 10:1.5, which solution forms a water resistant gel.

Abstract: Water-soluble ampholytic polymers formed by reacting a chloroacetic acid with ammonia epichlorohydrin copolymers are useful for preventing and removing scale from boilers.

Abstract: A method of reducing friction loss in oil well fracturing through the addition of small amounts of copolymers of acrylamide and quaternary salts of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide.

Abstract: An automatic document handler employing reversible belt means for moving the documents onto the exposure platen of a reproduction machine and registering the documents thereon, a variable pressure roller being provided to increase the belt normal force against the document when moving the document onto the platen and for reducing the belt normal force while registering the document thereon.