Abstract: Detection of members of a conserved, dispersed gene family is used to ascertain levels of host cell genomic DNA in a sample.

Abstract: A liquid crystal (LC) lightvalve comprising a twisted nematic LC layer whose molecules are aligned with pixel edges at the mirror backplane, thereby providing improved contrast and efficiency, and reduced visibility of post spacers in black state. The present invention is directed to an LC structure wherein the backplane is rubbed in a direction rectilinear with pixel edges. The LC layer is given the same twist rotation and birefringence as in the conventional TN lightvalve. Polarization control is maintained by illuminating the lightvalve with light whose polarization is rotated by the twist angle relative to the x,y, pixel axes, and by collecting the orthogonally polarized component of the reflected light. The lightvalve top glass is thus rubbed in a direction which is rotated by the twist angle from the horizontal or vertical direction at which the backplane is rubbed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for compensating for gate current through a first capacitor includes: a biasing circuit; a first compensation transistor; a second compensation transistor; and a compensation capacitor. The biasing circuit ensures the bias voltage across the compensation capacitor is equal to the bias voltage across the first capacitor. In addition, the size of the second compensation transistor is chosen such that if, the ratio of the area of the compensation capacitor divided by the area of the first capacitor is area ratio “AR”, then, the ratio of the size of first compensation transistor divided by the size of second compensation transistor is also area ratio “AR”. As a result, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, the gate current Ig through the first capacitor is equal to the current drained off through second compensation transistor.

Abstract: A method and system for providing access to and management of multimedia files on a plurality of storage devices is described. The method can include: storing a plurality of multimedia files on at least one of the plurality of storage devices; providing access for a user to the plurality of multimedia files; means for encoding and decoding compressed multimedia files; and means for playing the plurality of multimedia files.

Abstract: A translator circuit for providing symmetrical switching delays for use with a power line for a differential amplifier having a first signal line and a complementary second signal line, the translator circuit including: a first voltage clamp coupled to the first signal line and to the power line for limiting a voltage differential between the power line and the first signal line; and a second voltage clamp coupled to the power line and the second signal line for limiting a voltage differential between the power line and the second signal line. The translator circuit provides reduced sensitivity to variations in process parameters, power supply voltages, temperature and manufacturing tolerances. The translator circuit also provides symmetrical tracking between the rise to rise and the fall to fall delays of an emitter coupled logic to complementary metal-oxide semiconductor translator circuit.