Abstract: Described is a player activated game system, particularly adapted for playing instant lottery type games, that includes a game device having a computer containing at least one game, an electronic display and a card interface adapted to receive a game card having data that represents a particular game outcome such that connection of the card to the interface can result the game being played by the device with the particular outcome displayed on the display.

Abstract: A method of embedding an optical signature in a document and document produced therefrom. The optical signature uses an invisible optical pattern or covering that can reflect light in non-visible wavelengths, such as light in infrared, or fluoresces when exposed to a particular wavelength of light, such as ultra-violet light. The invisible optical pattern can be a covering over another optical pattern, or a base pattern upon which a second optical pattern is embedded.

Abstract: A system method for providing an authentication code across a network for use in authentication of documents, such as printed lottery tickets. The system includes document-printing terminals that create a first key and a second key, with the first key used to generate an authentication code for printing on the document, and the second key is sent to a central server and usable to verify that the first key created the authentication code. The central server can also provide ticket serial numbers for tickets being dispensed at the terminals and the first key can be combined with the serial number and other secondary data to create the authentication code.

Abstract: A method of embedding an optical signature in a document and document produced therefrom. The optical signature is an optical pattern generated from a known value, such as a mathematical, geometric, trigonometric, size, phase, and the like, and the same value can be generated from examination of a document having the embedded optical pattern. The document can be validated, authenticated, or the determination of a valid copy of an original document with the embedded optical signature made through comparison of the known value and the value generated from the optical pattern on the document. The optical pattern can also be generated from other identification codes on the document.

Abstract: Apparatus for identifying wireless subscriber units and for determining if access to a communications network should be granted. A plurality of wireless subscriber units each generates a wireless subscriber signal including internal data traits and external signal traits. The internal data traits include an identification code. A RF downconverter is located remote from the wireless subscriber units and receives the wireless subscriber signal. A characterizing device is connected to the RF downconverter and extracts parameters that characterize the external signal traits of the wireless subscriber units. A decision device computes the likelihood that the observed parameters belong to the validated wireless subscriber unit to determine if access to the wireless subscriber service should be granted. The apparatus may be used to prevent cellular telephone cloning fraud.