Abstract: A cryogenic liquid sampling system including a chamber having affixed therein a sample pump to pull a cryogenic liquid sample from an external source and an enclosure. The enclosure includes a supply port to receive an input stream of a gas, an input port connected to the chamber via a vacuum line, a sample pump port connected to the chamber via a pump line and configured to feed therethrough gas received at the supply port to the sample pump, a vacuum device connected to the input port and configured to generate a vacuum within the chamber by pulling air from the vacuum line, and processing circuitry to control the vacuum device and the sample pump to perform transfer of a cryogenic liquid sample from the external source to an external device.

Abstract: Guardrail, guardrail terminal, and support post designs that improve control of a vehicle during collisions are described. The disclosed designs also reduce the likelihood of intrusion into vehicle systems and the occupant compartment(s). Embodiments include folding and/or flattening of the guardrail and controlling the folded and flattened guardrail to avoid intrusion into the vehicle. Other embodiments include containing the guardrail in an impact head of a guardrail terminal, which also avoids vehicle intrusion.

Abstract: An operating system which is particularly adapted to heterogenous distributed systems. Entities available to a process running in the operating system are provided by services. Each service models its entity as a set of files. The entity is controlled by performing operations on the set of files provided by the entity. Services other than those provided by the operating system all employ the same protocol specifying operations on files. The only requirement placed on a service by the operating system is that it be able to accept and respond to messages employing the protocol. The files are named, and the operating system provides a plurality of name spaces, relates each process to one of the name spaces, and permits any process to modify its name space or to create a new name space. Services are disclosed which provide each process using the service with its own set of the service's files and which provide files belonging to one process's namespace to another process executing on a different processor.

Abstract: A file system which has component file systems including a primary file system which is react/write and a number of dump file systems which are read only. Each dump file system is created from the primary file system by means of a dump operation and conserves the state of the primary file system at the time the dump operation was performed. Component file systems share read only storage elements with older component file systems. The file system is implemented on a system including a file server, a magnetic disk mass storage device, and an optical write once-read many (WORM) disk. The magnetic disk mass storage device contains the read/write storage elements of the primary file system and encached read only storage elements from the WORM disk. Space is reserved on the unwritten portion of the WORM disk for the read-write storage elements of the primary file system.

Abstract: A protective helmet having thick padding adhesively attached to its inner periphery so as to completely engage the wearers head -- forehead, temples, sides and back thereof including the neck -- and being thick enough to enclose and cushion a radio, battery and earphone and still provide adequate cushioning protection, and to the lining per se.