Abstract: An elastomer-thermoplastic composition comprising styrene butadiene random copolymer and poly(arylene ether) resin and methods of making the composition are disclosed.

Abstract: Thermosetting polymers and the electrical laminates made therefrom are disclosed. The laminate comprises a cross-linked product of: a) one or more ethylenically unsaturated aromatic monomers, with fire retardation being optionally contributed by one halogenated monomer, b) a vinyl-terminated polybutadiene or butadiene-styrene copolymer containing either a urethane or an ester group, and c) a chemically modified polyphenylene ether resin, preferably low molecular weight chemically modified polyphenylene ether resin. It has been discovered that an unexpected combination of thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties are obtained from the composition recited herein. Therefore, the composition is ideally suited as a matrix polymer for electrical substrate applications.

Abstract: An anti-scatter x-ray grid for medical diagnostic radiography includes a substrate having channels therein of material that is substantially non-absorbent of x-radiation and absorbing material in the channels including material that is substantially absorbent of x-radiation. The substrate preferably comprises material capable of remaining stable at the melting temperature of the absorbing material.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an anti-scatter x-ray grid for medical diagnostic radiography includes providing a substrate having channels therein and material that is substantially non-absorbent of x-radiation; and filling the channels with absorbing material that is substantially absorbent of x-radiation. In one embodiment, the step of providing a substrate having channels therein comprises sawing a plastic substrate with a thin circular blade and the step of filling the channels with absorbing material comprises melting the absorbing material and flowing the melted absorbing material into the channels.

Abstract: A process for significantly improving the adhesion of a refractory metal deposited on diamond is disclosed. The process involves depositing an initial thin metal coating by low pressure chemical vapor deposition on diamond, heat treating in a non-oxidizing environment, and continuing the deposition of the initial metal coating until a desired thickness is achieved. Diamond sheets that have undergone the inventive process where 15 micrometers of tungsten are deposited, exhibit tungsten adhesive values in excess of 10,000 pounds per square inch.

Abstract: Method of modifying an aromatic polymer surface to improve adhesion of a metal layer thereon and to the articles produced therefrom. The surface of the aromatic polymer such as polycarbonate, is nitrated by a contact with a nitrating solution such as a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acid and then hydroxylated by a contact with a hydroxylating solution such as ammonium hydroxide. The hydroxlyated surface is thus chemically modified to become hydrophilic. The chemically modified surface is electrolessly plated with a primary metal layer. A secondary metal layer is then electrolessly or electrolytically applied on top of the primary metal layer until a metal layer of a desired thickness is attained.The present invention further discloses articles such as an EMI shielded enclosure or a printed circuit board having metal layers as an EMI shield or a conductive metal trace pattern respectively.

Abstract: Method of modifying an aromatic polymer surface to improve adhesion of a metal layer thereon and to the articles produced therefrom. Polymer molecules disposed on the surface of the aromatic polymer such as polycarbonate, are nitrated by a contact with a nitrating solution such as a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acid and then ammonolytically cleaved by a contact with an ammonolytic solution such as ammonium hydroxide. The ammonolyzed surface is thus chemically modified to become hydrophilic. The chemically modified surface is electrolessly plated with a primary metal layer. A secondary metal layer is then electrolessly or electrolytically applied on top of the primary metal layer until a metal layer of a desired thickness is attained.The present invention further discloses articles such as an EMI shielded enclosure or a printed circuit board having metal layers as an EMI shield or a conductive metal trace pattern respectively.

Abstract: An aqueous electroless gold plating composition is disclosed comprising a water-soluble alkali metal monovalent gold cyanide complex, a water-soluble alkali metal complexing agent and hydrazine or its derivatives. A method for electrolessly plating gold onto a nickel substrate is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of applying nickel directly to a non-activated tungsten surface is disclosed, in which the tungsten surface is immersed in an aqueous electroless nickel plating bath containing a water-soluble nickel salt; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; hydrazine; and monoethanolamine for a period of time sufficient to deposit a layer of nickel on the tungsten surface.

Abstract: A sintered porous electrode useful for a molten carbonate fuel cell is produced which is composed of a plurality of 5 wt. % to 95 wt. % nickel balance copper alloy encapsulated ceramic particles sintered together by the alloy.

Abstract: An anode composite useful for a molten carbonate fuel cell comprised of a porous sintered metallic anode component having a porous bubble pressure barrier integrally sintered to one face thereof, said barrier being comprised of metal coated ceramic particles sintered together and to said anode by means of said metal coating, said metal coating enveloping said ceramic particle and being selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper and alloys thereof, the median pore size of the barrier being significantly smaller than that of the anode.

Abstract: Electrode material composed of metal encapsulated substrate particles for making into an electrode for a molten carbonate fuel cell is produced by electroless plating of a metal electrochemically active for the reactions of the cell onto a substrate particle which is non-sintering at the operating temperatures of the cell.

Abstract: A green body comprised of a mixture of nickel powder and lithium oxide is fired in air to produce a porous lithium nickel oxide structure useful as a cathode in a molten carbonate fuel cell.

Abstract: Electrode material composed of metal encapsulated substrate particles for making into an electrode for a molten carbonate fuel cell is produced by electroless plating of a metal electrochemically active for the reactions of the cell onto a substrate particle which is non-sintering at the operating temperatures of the cell.

Abstract: Encapsulation of Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4 particles by Glauber's salt crystals formed by crystallization of Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4 from aqueous solution in systems comprising Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4, H.sub.2 O and Glauber's salt is decreased by including ethylene glycol monobutyl ether in the system.