Abstract: Gas chromatographs are disclosed that may be constructed to be portable, light, rugged, fast, sensitive, and to use only utilities (compressed gas and electricity) that are readily available in the field. The gas chromatographs can also perform novel extractions of analytes from gaseous, liquid, or solid samples. The chromatographs can be truly portable; they can operate with approximately 100 watts of power (at peak power consumption); and they are extremely fast. The chromatographs are not limited just to portable applications, but will also find many uses within laboratories, because they require minimal laboratory bench or other space, because they can operate at high speed, and because they can operate with minimal consumption of utilities (compressed gases, air conditioning, etc.).