Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the catalytic oxidation of the thioether 5-methoxy-2-((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl)methylthio)-1H-benzimidazole to its sulfoxide: 5-methoxy-2-((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl) methyl) methylsulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole comprising: reacting the thioether with: 1) a transition metal catalyst; and, 2) an oxygen source; wherein the thioether is oxidized to the sulfoxide commonly known as omeprazole and wherein one of either the R and S enantiomers is formed to an enantiomeric excess.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the catalytic oxidation of the thioether 5-methoxy-2-((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl)methylthio)-1H-benzimidazole to its sulfoxide: 5-methoxy-2-((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl) methyl)methylsulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole comprising: reacting the thioether with: 1) a transition metal catalyst; and, 2) an oxygen source; wherein the thioether is oxidized to a sulfoxide and wherein one of either the R and S enantiomers is formed to an enantiomeric excess.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the catalytic oxidation of the thioether 5-methoxy-2-((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl)methylthio)-1H-benzimidazole to its sulfoxide: 5-methoxy-2-((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl) methyl)methylsulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole comprising: reacting the thioether with: 1) a transition metal catalyst; and, 2) an oxygen source; wherein the thioether is oxidized to a sulfoxide and wherein one of either the R and S enantiomers is formed to an enantiomeric excess.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the catalytic oxidation of the thioether 5-methoxy-2-((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl)methylthio)-1H-benzimidazole to its sulfoxide: 5-methoxy-2-((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl)methylsulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole comprising: reacting the thioether with: 1) a transition metal catalyst; and, 2) an oxygen source; wherein the thioether is oxidized to a sulfoxide and wherein one of either the R and S enantiomers is formed to an enantiomeric excess.

Abstract: A business method comprising the steps of offering patented subject matter for lease wherein the term of the lease expires concurrently with the patent wherein the lease by its terms reserves some or all of the intellectual property rights in the patented subject matter to the patentee (or assignee) and prohibits use of the leased patented subject matter in any fashion that develops, generates or invents new intellectual property.

Abstract: A business method comprising the steps of offering to transfer patented subject matter by means of an instrument being a contract license or lease wherein the term of the instrument expires prior to or concurrently with the patent wherein the instrument by its terms reserves some or all of the intellectual property rights in the patented subject matter to the patentee (or assignee) and prohibits use of the transferred patented subject matter in any fashion that develops, generates or invents new intellectual property.

Abstract: A method is provided for hydrovisbreaking hydrocarbon polymers, particularly those derived from scrap articles, in which a mixture of at least one hydrocarbon polymer and a solvent is contacted with hydrogen under conditions sufficient to hydrovisbreak the polymer. The solvent comprises a combined weight percentage of C.sub.n H.sub.2n-8 and C.sub.n H.sub.2n-10 hydrocarbons of at least about 10 weight percent, where n is an integer of at least 8 in C.sub.n H.sub.2n-8 and n is an integer of at least 10 in C.sub.n H.sub.2n-10. The hydrovisbroken polymer can be fed to a catalytic cracker for cracking to cracked products.

Abstract: Hydrogenation of hydrocarbons with catalysts produced by co-gelling a smectite with an inorganic metal oxide which is unstable with respect to retaining a high surface area, to produce a co-gel of high surface area which has good retention of surface area at high temperatures. Suitable smectites for the practice of this invention are hectorite, chlorite, montmorillionite, beidellite, or admixtures of two or more of these materials with each other or with other materials, or the like. Exemplary of inorganic oxide gels suitable for the practice of this invention are the Group IV-B metal oxides, especially titanium oxide, and other metal oxides such as the oxides of thorium, uranium, silicon, aluminum, and the like. A crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite can be composited with this material to supply an acidic function.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon treating processes such as catalytic cracking and fluid coking are provided in which a perovskite-containing catalytic composition is used as catalyst. The perovskite-containing catalytic composition is produced by interrupting the reaction of perovskite precursors after formation of at least 60 wt. % perovskite and before formation of more than 99 wt. % perovskite from the precursors.

Abstract: A process for cogelling a smectite with an inorganic metal oxide which is unstable with respect to retaining a high surface area, to produce a cogel of high surface area which has good retention of surface area at high temperatures. Suitable smectites for the practice of this invention are hectorite, chlorite, montmorillionite, beidellite, or admixtures of two or more of these materials with each other or with other materials, or the like. Exemplary of inorganic oxide gels suitable for the practice of this invention are the Group IV-B metal oxides, especially titanium oxide, and other metal oxides such as the oxides of thorium, uranium, silicon, aluminum, and the like.

Abstract: A process for the hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbons contained in a hydrocarbonaceous oil feed is provided in which the feed is contacted with hydrogen in a substantially sulfur-free environment in the presence of a catalyst comprising a Group VIII noble metal component, such as palladium, deposited on a steamed support such as steamed tungsten oxide composited with alumina.

Abstract: The activity of a fresh alkaline earth metal perovskite-containing catalyst can be increased by contacting the fresh catalyst with a reducing gas at reducing conditions prior to use. The activated catalyst is useful in hydrocarbon treating processes such as catalytic cracking and fluid coking.

Abstract: A catalyst regeneration process is provided in which the rate of removal of carbon from the coked catalyst is increased at a relatively low temperature when the catalyst comprises a perovskite. Hydrocarbon treating processes utilizing the regenerated perovskite-containing catalysts are also provided. The regenerated catalyst is particularly suited for use in catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon residua.

Abstract: The activity of a fresh alkaline earth metal perovskite-containing catalyst can be increased by contacting the fresh catalyst with a reducing gas at reducing conditions prior to use. The activated catalyst is useful in hydrocarbon treating processes such as catalytic cracking and fluid coking.

Abstract: A partially deactivated alkaline earth metal perovskite-containing catalyst is reactivated by contact with a reducing gas at reducing conditions. The reactivated catalyst is useful in hydrocarbon treating processes such as catalytic cracking and fluid coking.

Abstract: A fluid coking process is provided in which a catalyst comprising a perovskite comprising at least one transition metal cation is present in the fluid coking zone.

Abstract: A novel catalyst precursor which comprises a Group IV-B transition metal oxide deposited on the surface of an inorganic metal oxide support, preferably alumina; especially where the Group IV-B transition metal oxide is deposited on the support surface as discrete areas separated by areas of support surface which contain little, if any, of said Group IV-B transition metal oxide; and a catalyst composition comprised of a cluster of a Group IV-B transition metal oxide and a Group VIII metal preferably a Group VIII noble metal, deposited on an inorganic metal oxide support, particularly an alumina support, especially where the clusters are deposited on the surface of the support, as discrete clusters separated by areas of support surface which contain little, if any, of said Group VI-B transition metal oxide, or clusters of said Group IV-B and Group VIII metals.

Abstract: A novel catalyst precursor which comprises a Group IV-B transition metal oxide deposited on the surface of an inorganic metal oxide support, preferably alumina; especially where the Group IV-B transition metal oxide is deposited on the support surface as discrete areas separated by areas of support surface which contain little, if any, of said Group IV-B transition metal oxide; and a catalyst composition comprised of a cluster of a Group IV-B transition metal oxide and a Group VIII metal preferably a Group VIII noble metal, deposited on an inorganic metal oxide support, particularly an alumina support, especially where the clusters are deposited on the surface of the support, as discrete clusters separated by areas of support surface which contain little, if any, of said Group VI-B transition metal oxide, or clusters of said Group IV-B and Group VIII metals.

Abstract: A perovskite is added to a conventional hydrocarbon cracking catalyst comprising a zeolite and an inorganic oxide gel matrix. The perovskite is present in said catalyst in an amount up to about 10 weight percent based on the total catalyst.

Abstract: A perovskite is added to a conventional hydrocarbon cracking catalyst comprising a zeolite and an inorganic oxide gel matrix. The perovskite is present in said catalyst in an amount up to about 10 weight percent based on the total catalyst.