Abstract: Copper sulfide of the formula CuxSy, wherein x and y are integer or non-integer values, wherein (i) the copper sulfide has a sulfur 2p XPS spectrum with peaks at 162.3 eV (±1 ev), 163.8 eV (±1 ev) and 68.5 eV (±1 ev), characterised in that the peak at 168.5 eV has a lower value of counts per second (CPS) than both the peak at 162.3 eV and the peak at 163.8 eV; and (ii) the copper sulfide has a copper 2p XPS spectrum with peaks at 932.0 eV (±2 ev) and 933.6 eV (±3 eV) and characterised in that the XPS spectrum does not comprise identifiable satellite peaks at 939.8 eV and 943.1 eV (±3 eV).

Abstract: A process for preparing a copper sulfide of the formula CuxSy, wherein the process comprises the following steps: (i) reacting an aqueous solution of a copper salt with a molar excess of a sulfiding agent so as to precipitate copper sulfide from the solution; (ii) isolating the copper sulfide precipitate from the reaction mixture; and (iii) drying the copper sulfide precipitate at a temperature of less than 100° C., wherein x and y are integer or non-integer values.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the separation of gases, and more specifically to an inventive process for the removal of carbon dioxide gas using carefully selected ionic liquid absorbents together with water in a carefully selected ratio.

Abstract: A process for preparing a copper sulfide of the formula CuxSy, wherein the process comprises the following steps: (i) reacting an aqueous solution of a copper salt with a molar excess of a sulfiding agent so as to precipitate copper sulfide from the solution; (ii) isolating the copper sulfide precipitate from the reaction mixture; and (iii) drying the copper sulfide precipitate at a temperature of less than 100° C., wherein x and y are integer or non-integer values.

Abstract: Copper sulfide of the formula CuxSy, wherein x and y are integer or non-integer values, wherein (i) the copper sulfide has a sulfur 2p XPS spectrum with peaks at 162.3 eV (±1 ev), 163.8 eV (±1 ev) and 68.5 eV (±1 ev), characterised in that the peak at 168.5 eV has a lower value of counts per second (CPS) than both the peak at 162.3 eV and the peak at 163.8 eV; and (ii) the copper sulfide has a copper 2p XPS spectrum with peaks at 932.0 eV (±2ev) and 933.6 eV (±3eV) and characterised in that the XPS spectrum does not comprise identifiable satellite peaks at 939.8 eV and 943.1 eV (±3 eV).

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved one-pot synthetic process for the preparation of glycidol from the reaction of glycerol and dimethyl carbonate. More specifically, the invention relates to a one-pot synthetic process for the preparation of glycidol comprising the reaction of glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of an ionic liquid catalyst having the formula: [Cat+][X] wherein: [Cat] represents one or more cationic species, and [X] represents one or more anionic species; wherein the reaction is conducted at a temperature of from 100° C. to 160° C. and wherein the molar ratio of glycerol to dimethylcarbonate is from 1:4 to 1:10.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the electrodeposition of elemental zirconium at a temperature of less than 100° C. from a mixture of a Lewis acid, a zirconium salt and an ionic liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the separation of gases, and more specifically to an inventive process for the removal of carbon dioxide gas using carefully selected ionic liquid absorbents together with water in a carefully selected ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of removing chewing gum and residues thereof from substrates using chewing gum modifying compositions comprising oxidising reagents and one or more oxidation catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low temperature process for producing and joining metal substrates using an intermediate layer comprising indium or gallium, wherein the indium or gallium layer is formed by electrodeposition from an ionic liquid comprising an indium or gallium salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the electrodeposition of elemental zirconium at a temperature of less than 100° C. from a mixture of a Lewis acid, a zirconium salt and an ionic liquid.

Abstract: Complex salts, based on ionic liquids, which exhibit at least one light emitting property selected from (a) fluorescence, (b) phosphorescence, and (c) electroluminescence when in the solid state; and which have a melting point below 250° C.

Abstract: Processes for producing intermediate materials used for perfumery, specifically, epimerized cyclohexenyl ketones, are disclosed. Processes for employing the epimerising reaction in an Aldol condensation reaction are also disclosed.

Abstract: A multiphase cleaning composition comprises a first phase and a second ionic liquid phase, wherein the second phase is substantially immiscible with the first phase. The first phase may comprise, for example, an aqueous phase or a silicone solvent system. Methods of cleaning a soiled surface comprise contacting a soiled surface with a multiphase wash liquor including a first phase and a second ionic liquid phase, wherein the second phase is substantially immiscible with the first phase, and removing soils from the surface.

Abstract: A novel class of ionic liquids and methods for their preparation are disclosed. Specifically, these novel ionic liquids can be derived from anionic surfactants, such as alkyl aryl sulfonates, and mid-chain branched derivatives of alkyl sulfates, alkyl alkoxy sulfates, and alkyl aryl sulfonates. In addition, novel ionic liquids can be derived from other anionic surfactants, such as methyl ester sulfonates (MES), alkyl glycerol ether sulfonates, and alpha olefin sulfonates. Anions may be paired with a variety of cations to achieve various advantageous properties. The present invention also relates to compositions containing these novel ionic liquids and method of using the same.

Abstract: Compositions comprising an ionic liquid active composed of an ion active and an ionic liquid-forming counter ion, wherein the ion active is capable of delivering a fabric treating benefit, a surface treating benefit, and/or an air treating benefit. The compositions are substantially free of added water and have a viscosity less than about 5000 mPa·s at room temperature. The compositions are easily diluted with water and/or organic solvent, without formation a gel phase during the dilution process. Various products, especially a unit dose product, made with such compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A novel class of ionic liquids and methods for their preparation are disclosed. Specifically, these novel ionic liquids can be derived from surfactants, such as betaines, amine oxides. The present invention also relates to compositions containing these novel ionic liquids and method of using the same.

Abstract: The disclosure herein relates to imidazole carbenes and imidazole carbene salts. The disclosure also relates to the synthesis of imidazole carbenes and imidazole carbene salts. The imidazole carbenes disclosed include those synthesized by reacting an imidazole halide with a base under reduced pressure. The imidazole carbene salts disclosed include those synthesized by reaction of imidazole carbenes with an acid or alcohol suitable for creation of a salt. The disclosure also relates to the use of imidazole carbenes and imidazole carbene salts for the synthesis of organic liquids.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst composition based on an indium salt and an organic ionic liquid, a process for making the catalyst composition, and uses thereof. The catalyst composition is particularly suitable for Lewis acid catalysed electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, such as Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions an Friedel-Crafts acylation reactions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the electrochemical transformation of a compound to form a product, the process comprising (i) effecting the transformation in the presence of an electrolyte comprising at least one room temperature ionic liquid, wherein the ionic liquid is air-stable and moisture-stable, (ii) recovering the product, and optionally (iii) recovering the ionic liquid. The process can be used to effect the electrochemical transformation of a wide range of organic compounds.