Abstract: Polyurethane foams exhibiting excellent thermal and oxidative stability can be prepared using as the polymerization or gel catalyst a composition containing at least one organotin compound containing phosphorus and at least one organotin compound wherein a halogen atom is bonded to tin or phosphorus. The terminal properties of foams obtained using the present catalyst compositions are superior to those exhibited by foams prepared using gel catalyst compositions wherein tin, phosphorus and a halogen are present but the phosphorus and halogen are not in the same molecule as the tin atom. The halogen containing tin compound and the phosphorus-containing tin compound may be identical or different. The recovery properties of the foam can be improved by the presence of a carboxylic acid in the catalyst composition.

Abstract: Low density flexible polyurethane foams can be prepared using water and relatively large amounts of methylene chloride as the foaming agents in the presence of an organic or inorganic tin compound as the gel catalyst and a foaming catalyst consisting essentially of catalytically effective amounts of an antimony carboxylate, a potassium carboxylate and a zinc carboxylate.

Abstract: The rate of the reaction between a polyol and a polyfunctional isocyanate to form a rigid polyurethane foam can be controlled within a wide range, using as the catalyst for said reaction a mixture comprising catalytically effective amounts of an antimony carboxylate, a potassium carboxylate and a zinc carboxylate. The mixture can be used alone or in combination with tertiary amines or tin compounds, both of which are conventionally employed as catalysts for the polyol-isocyanate reaction.

Abstract: The rise times exhibited by flexible polyurethane foams can be significantly reduced using a stannous salt as the gel catalyst in combination with a blowing catalyst that includes an antimony (III) salt of a carboxylic acid and a potassium salt of a carboxylic acid. A zinc salt of a carboxylic acid can optionally replace a portion of the antimony (III) salt. The present blowing catalysts are particularly useful for preparing dielectrically or ultrasonically heat-sealable foams.

Abstract: Diorganotin compounds wherein at least one of the remaining valences on the tin atom is satisfied by a sulfur atom or a thiocyanate group are unique among diorganotin compounds in that they retain their catalytic activity over extended periods of time in the presence of the precursors or masterbatches conventionally employed to prepare rigid, cellular polyurethanes.

Abstract: The combination of a diorganotin sulfide, -polysulfide, -dithiocyanate, bis(thiocyanato diorganotin) sulfide or bis(thiocyanato diorganotin) oxide with a tertiary amine functions as a latent catalyst for rigid polyurethane foams. Latency is not observed using a tertiary amine with other sulfur-containing organotin compounds.

Abstract: Alkali metal salts of carboxylic acids containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms are unique in comparison to salts of other elements, including stannous octoate, in their ability to retain catalytic activity when stored in the presence of rigid polyurethane foam precursors.

Abstract: Cellular polyurethane exhibiting excellent thermal and oxidative stability can be prepared using specified methyl-, allyl-, phenyl- or benzyltin compounds as the polymerization catalyst. These catalysts are hydrolytically stable over extended periods of time, and can therefore be incorporated into precursors or masterbatches for polyurethanes that contain water as the foaming agent.

Abstract: The hydrolytic stability of catalyst-containing precursors for both flexible and rigid polyurethane foams wherein the catalyst is a tin compound is considerably increased when the catalyst is a triorganotin compound wherein the hydrocarbon groups bonded to the tin atom are methyl or methoxymethyl.

Abstract: This invention is a process for making a cellular polyurethane comprising reacting a polyalkylene polyol having reactive hydrogen atoms as determined by the Zerewitinoff method exhibiting a molecular weight of at least 500, an organic polyisocyanate, and water in the presence of a gel catalyst and a foaming catalyst comprising at least one compound selected from those of the formulae: ##SPC1##Wherein R is a hydrocarbon, and R' is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, and hydrocarbons.