Abstract: A predetermined-area management system is configured to communicate with a communication terminal. The predetermined-area management system includes: a storage unit that stores image identification information for identifying image data and predetermined-area information for identifying a predetermined area in the image data in association with each other; a receiving unit that receives image identification information that is transmitted from the communication terminal; an extraction unit that searches the storage unit by using the image identification information received by the receiving unit so as to extract associated predetermined-area information; and a transmitting unit that transmits, to the communication terminal, the predetermined-area information extracted by the extraction unit.

Abstract: An apparatus or system of estimating a spectrum of an object includes a plurality of filters or a plurality of filter areas that respectively have spectral characteristics different from one another, wherein at least two filters or filter areas have transmittance greater than a predetermined value throughout a wavelength range subject for estimation. The image capturing apparatus or system estimates a line spectrum of an object using spectral images of the at least two filters or filter areas having transmittance greater than the predetermined value.

Abstract: A wide-angle lens having a field angle larger than 180 degrees includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a front group, a reflection surface, and a back group, wherein the front group includes three lenses having a negative refractive power, the reflection surface is configured to curve an optical axis of the front group at 90 degrees toward the back group, the back group includes four lenses having a positive refractive power, a front principle point is set between a second lens and a third lens from the object side in the front group, and a focal length of an entire system f and a distance between an intersection of the reflection surface and the optical axis of the front group and the front principle point d satisfy the following condition (1) 7.0<d/f<9.0.

Abstract: An image capturing device and an image capturing system are provided. The image capturing device includes an optical system that focuses lights from an object to generate optical information, a filter provided near a diaphragm position of the optical system, the filter having a plurality of types of spectral characteristics, a sensor that converts the optical information of the object to electronic data, the sensor providing a plurality of spectral transmittance values that sequentially and spatially change, and a lens array having a plurality of lenses being arranged in substantially parallel in a direction of a two-dimensional surface of the sensor.

Abstract: An image adjuster includes an area evaluator to calculate an area evaluation value for each color in each of divided areas of each of images captured by a plurality of imaging units, a brightness adjuster to calculate a brightness adjustment value for overlapping divided areas between photographic areas of the images on the basis of the area evaluation value for each color, and an adjustment value calculator to calculate a balance adjustment value for each of the overlapping divided areas from the area evaluation value for each color on the basis of the brightness adjustment value.

Abstract: An image capturing device and an image capturing system are provided. The image capturing device includes an optical system, a first filter provided near a diaphragm position of the optical system, a sensor, and a lens array. The first filter includes a plurality of filters respectively having different spectral characteristics. The sensor includes a plurality of filters respectively having different spectral characteristics. The lights from an object pass through the respective filters of the first sensor and the respective filters of the second sensor to simultaneously form a plurality of types of spectral image of the object on an image plane of the sensor.

Abstract: An image capture system including two imaging systems of the same structure each having a wide-angle lens, which includes a front group, a reflection surface, and a rear group arranged in order from an object side, has a field angle larger than 180 degrees, and bends an optical axis of the front group toward the rear group by the reflection surface, and an imaging sensor, obtains an image in a solid angle of 4? radian by combining images imaged by the imaging systems. Each of the two wide-angle lenses includes the reflection surface between the front group and the rear group, the reflection surfaces are made to be common to the two imaging systems. This reduces an interval between lenses nearest to the object side in the front groups of the two wide-angle lenses, thereby reducing a distance between maximum field angles of the two wide-angle lenses.

Abstract: An image processor includes a first converter to convert input images into images in a different coordinate system from that of the input images according to first conversion data based on a projection model, a position detector to detect a connecting position of the images converted by the converter, a corrector to correct the first conversion data on the basis of a result of the detection by the position detector, and a data generator to generate second conversion data for image synthesis from the conversion data corrected by the corrector on the basis of coordinate conversion, the second conversion data defining the conversion of the input images.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus includes image capturing devices; page memories for the image capturing devices, respectively, each page memory storing a piece of image data output from the corresponding image capturing device; a page-memory read unit configured to read pieces of image data stored in the page memories line by line in a time division manner; an image processing unit configured to perform predetermined image processing on the pieces of image data read from the page memories for the image capturing devices line by line in the time division manner; and a write monitoring unit configured to monitor write states of the pieces of image data that are output from the image capturing devices and written into the page memories, and control the page-memory read unit to start reading the pieces of image data from the page memories.

Abstract: A communication terminal displays thumbnails for predetermined-region images in a panoramic image and accepts a selection of a predetermined thumbnail so as to display the predetermined-region image corresponding to the accepted thumbnail. This brings about an effect that a user can easily find a desired panoramic image or a desired predetermined-region image in the panoramic image.

Abstract: An imaging system includes an imaging body having an optical system and an imaging element, a power supplier configured to supply power to the imaging element, and a housing configured to hold the imaging body and the power supplier, wherein the optical system includes at least one optical element projecting from the housing, and a distance AP between a gravity center A of a portion including the optical system and a gravity center P of the entire imaging system and a distance BP between a gravity center B of the power supplier and the gravity center P of the entire imaging system satisfy the following condition.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus for capturing an image of a subject using a plurality of imaging devices and a plurality of lenses for the imaging devices, respectively, includes a plurality of buffer memories for the imaging devices, respectively, each buffer memory being configured to store image data output from the corresponding imaging device; and a single image processor configured to read the image data stored in the buffer memories in a time division manner and perform predetermined image processing on the image data.

Abstract: Disclosed is a distance measuring device including an imaging lens configured to condense incident light from an object, a lens array configured in such a manner that light having passed through the imaging lens is incident thereon, an imaging element array configured to receive light having passed through the lens array to output image information, and a distance calculating part configured to calculate a distance to the object based on the image information, wherein the lens array includes plural lenses with different numeric apertures.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus projecting 3D image data to 2D planar image data includes: an accumulation unit that accumulates the 3D image data having position coordinates and pixel values; an acquisition unit that acquires a display parameter, including a zoom parameter for changing image size, for the 2D image data to be created; a creation unit that creates the 2D image data from the 3D image data with the display parameter by determining a half view angle of the 3D image data and performing inverse projection transformation on the 2D image data while changing, in accordance with a change in the half view angle caused by the change in image size specified by the zoom parameter, an inverse projection transformation method applied to position coordinates used to create the 2D image data; and a display unit that displays the created 2D image data as a 2D planar image.

Abstract: An imaging system includes n or more photographing optical system having an imaging optical system having a full angle of view A (degree) larger than 360/n where n is a natural number of 2 or more and a two-dimensional imaging element configured to convert light condensed by the imaging optical system into an image signal, wherein in the imaging optical system of each of the imaging optical systems, a magnification per unit angle of view monotonically increases from 0 to 360/n-degree angle of view, and an increase rate of the magnification monotonically decreases to the full angle of view A (degree) after the 360/n-degree angle of view.

Abstract: An imaging device includes two imaging optical systems each of the imaging optical systems including a wide-angle lens having an angle of view wider than 180 degrees, and an imaging sensor configured to image an image by the wide-angle lens, so as to obtain an image in a solid angle of 4? radian by synthesizing the images by the respective imaging optical systems, wherein the wide-angle lens of each of the imaging optical systems includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a front group having a negative power, a reflection surface and a back group having a positive power, and is configured to bend an optical axis of the front group by the reflection surface at 90 degrees toward the back group.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes: a light source unit; a light deflecting unit that deflects a light beam emitted from the light source unit; a scanning optical device that focuses the light beam deflected by the light deflecting unit on a scanned surface; and a light shielding member. The scanning optical device is provided in a direction in which a sound pressure level of a noise caused by rotation of a rotating polygon mirror included in the light deflecting unit is highest.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes an optical housing in which a polygon mirror that is rotated by a motor is accommodated and an air inlet that includes a filter. An airflow guiding member is arranged at a position opposite to a surface of the polygon mirror on the air inlet side. An air inducing path is provided, which includes a first flowing path and a second flowing path. The first flowing path includes a first end linked to the air inlet and a second end arranged close to a mirror surface of the polygon mirror. The second flowing path is formed with a surface of the airflow guiding member on an opposite side of the air inlet and a top surface of the polygon mirror.

Abstract: Provided is an optical scanning device including: a plurality of light sources; an optical deflector that includes reflection surfaces that deflect different light beams toward opposite sides of the optical deflector; and a light-shielding member provided in an area between incident light beams emitted from the plurality of light sources. The light-shielding member is positioned such that a portion of the light-shielding member is in a light-shield area surrounded by a circumscribed circle of the optical deflector, a line tangent to the circumscribed circle and orthogonal to a Y direction, and the incident light beam, the Y direction being a direction parallel to a main scanning direction and passing through a rotation center of the optical deflector, the main scanning direction being a direction, in which surfaces of image carriers are scanned.

Abstract: A light-amount detecting device includes: a light source which emits a light beam; a branching optical element which divides the light beam emitted from the light source into a first light beam traveling in a predetermined direction and a second light beam traveling in a direction different to the predetermined direction; a light-condensing element which condenses the second light beam; a light-receiving element having a light-receiving surface which receives the second light beam condensed by the light-condensing element; and a detector which detects a light-amount of the second light beam received by the light-receiving element, and at least one of a direction of reflected light of the second light beam reflected from the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving element and spread of the reflected light of the second light beam reflected from the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving element is adjusted to control a light-amount of the reflected light of the second light beam returning to the