Abstract: An integrated circuit includes: a gate dielectric; a first layer adjacent to the gate dielectric; a second layer adjacent to the first layer, the second layer comprising an amorphous material; a third layer adjacent to the second layer, the third layer comprising a crystalline material; and a source or drain at least partially adjacent to the third layer. In some cases, the crystalline material of the third layer is a first crystalline material, and the first layer comprises a second crystalline material, which may be the same as or different from the first crystalline material. In some cases, the gate dielectric includes a high-K dielectric material. In some cases, the gate dielectric, the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the source or drain are part of a back-gate transistor structure (e.g., back-gate TFT), which may be part of a memory structure (e.g., located within an interconnect structure).

Abstract: Described is an apparatus which comprises: a gate comprising a metal; a first layer adjacent to the gate, the first layer comprising a dielectric material; a second layer adjacent to the first layer, the second layer comprising a second material; a third layer adjacent to the second layer, the third layer comprising a third material including an amorphous metal oxide; a fourth layer adjacent to the third layer, the fourth layer comprising a fourth material, wherein the fourth and second materials are different than the third material; a source partially adjacent to the fourth layer; and a drain partially adjacent to the fourth layer.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus which comprises: a gate comprising a metal; a first layer adjacent to the gate, the first layer comprising a dielectric material; a second layer adjacent to the first layer, the second layer comprising a second material; a third layer adjacent to the second layer, the third layer comprising a third material including an amorphous metal oxide; a fourth layer adjacent to the third layer, the fourth layer comprising a fourth material, wherein the fourth and second materials are different than the third material; a source partially adjacent to the fourth layer; and a drain partially adjacent to the fourth layer.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus which comprises: a gate comprising a metal; a first layer adjacent to the gate, the first layer comprising a dielectric material; a second layer adjacent to the first layer, the second layer comprising a second material; a third layer adjacent to the second layer, the third layer comprising a third material including an amorphous metal oxide; a fourth layer adjacent to the third layer, the fourth layer comprising a fourth material, wherein the fourth and second materials are different than the third material; a source partially adjacent to the fourth layer; and a drain partially adjacent to the fourth layer.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus which comprises: a gate comprising a metal; a first layer adjacent to the gate, the first layer comprising a dielectric material; a second layer adjacent to the first layer, the second layer comprising a second material; a third layer adjacent to the second layer, the third layer comprising a third material including an amorphous metal oxide; a fourth layer adjacent to the third layer, the fourth layer comprising a fourth material, wherein the fourth and second materials are different than the third material; a source partially adjacent to the fourth layer; and a drain partially adjacent to the fourth layer.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include thin film transistors and methods of forming such thin film transistors. In an embodiment, the thin film transistor may comprise a substrate, a gate electrode over the substrate, and a gate dielectric stack over the gate electrode. In an embodiment, the gate dielectric stack may comprise a plurality of layers. In an embodiment, the plurality of layers may comprise an amorphous layer. In an embodiment, the thin film transistor may also comprise a semiconductor layer over the gate dielectric. In an embodiment, the semiconductor layer is a crystalline semiconductor layer. In an embodiment, the thin film transistor may also comprise a source electrode and a drain electrode.