Abstract: A standard calibration solution includes water, a non-alcoholic solvent that is mixed with water, and a steroid hormone, and a content of the non-alcoholic solvent is 10% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less. The standard calibration solution is used for quantitative measurement using a mass spectrometry device.

Abstract: A metal-foil-attached adhesive sheet includes a metal foil, a release layer provided on the metal foil, and an adhesive layer provided on the release layer and made of a thermosetting resin composition which is semi-cured. A peeling strength P1 at an interface between the metal foil and the release layer and a peeling strength P2 at an interface between the release layer and the adhesive layer after curing satisfy P1>P2.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a removable copper foil attached substrate capable of easily producing a coreless circuit board at low production cost and low raw material cost as compared with a conventional example. The substrate includes a release resin layer attached copper foil including a copper foil and a release resin layer attached on a surface of the copper foil; and a support layer. The release resin layer attached copper foil is integrally bonded to the support layer with the release resin layer in-between. The release resin layer allows removal of the copper foil from the support layer. A peel strength for removal of the copper foil from the support layer is 20 to 300 N/m.

Abstract: The present invention provides an epoxy resin composition having a high heat resistance such as a thermal decomposition temperature, as well as a high adhesive strength, in particular inner layer adhesive strength, and also provides a prepreg, a laminate board and a multi-layer board using the composition. The epoxy resin composition according to the present invention contains an epoxy resin containing nitrogen and bromine in the molecule, a curing agent having a phenolic hydroxyl group, and a silane compound having no cure acceleration action and having reactivity with the epoxy resin. The bromine content in a resin component of the epoxy resin composition is 10 mass % or greater.

Abstract: This invention relates to a rubber composition having a high interaction between rubber component and carbon black, a good wear resistance and an excellent low heat buildup (low hysteresis loss), and more particularly to a rubber composition comprising (A) 100 parts by mass of a rubber component containing not less than 10% by mass of a conjugated diene polymer having a polymer chain with at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of particular substituted amino group and cyclic amino group, (B) not less than 20 parts by mass of carbon black and (C) not more than 1.0 part by mass of a polycyclic aromatic compound (PCA).

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved epoxy resin composition enabling better dimensional stability of a laminate by decreasing the coefficient of thermal expansion in its thickness direction of a laminate manufactured using an epoxy resin composition as a material, and by retaining a high level of adhesion in the cured product thereof, enabling better drilling workability of the laminate and suppression of crack development therein during the drilling process, and enabling to decrease impregnation of the plating solution into the laminate associated with those cracks. This epoxy resin composition includes: (A) an epoxy resin; (B) a curing agent composed of phenolic novolac resin curing agent or amine curing agent, (C) an inorganic filler composed of aluminum hydroxide with or without spherical silica; and (D) an elastic component made of minute particles having a core-shell structure with its shell constituted by a resin which is compatible with said epoxy resin (A).

Abstract: Disclosed is an innerliner for pneumatic tires, wherein the innerliner comprises a modified ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (C) obtained by reacting 1-50 parts by weight of an epoxy compound (B) with 100 parts by weight of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) having an ethylene content of 25-50 mol %. A pneumatic tire with the innerliner can greatly improve the internal pressure retainabilities before and after driving without increasing the weight of the tire.

Abstract: An innerliner for tire is formed by laminating a composition containing an elastomer component onto a resin layer and then irradiating energy beams required for generating partial crosslinking between the resin layer and the elastomer component.

Abstract: This invention relates to a rubber composition having a high interaction between rubber component and carbon black, a good wear resistance and an excellent low heat buildup (low hysteresis loss), and more particularly to a rubber composition comprising (A) 100 parts by mass of a rubber component containing not less than 10% by mass of a conjugated diene polymer having a polymer chain with at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of particular substituted amino group and cyclic amino group, (B) not less than 20 parts by mass of carbon black and (C) not more than 1.0 part by mass of a polycyclic aromatic compound (PCA).

Abstract: Disclosed is an innerliner for pneumatic tires, wherein the innerliner comprises a modified ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (C) obtained by reacting 1-50 parts by weight of an epoxy compound (B) with 100 parts by weight of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) having an ethylene content of 25-50 mol %. A pneumatic tire with the innerliner can greatly improve the internal pressure retainabilities before and after driving without increasing the weight of the tire.

Abstract: There are provided a rubber composition having a high modulus of elasticity and a good workability, and a pneumatic tire. A rubber composition comprising at least one of natural rubber and synthetic diene rubbers as a rubber ingredient, at least one maleimide compound, and at least one nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of polyaniline, hydrazide, and amine compound is used in a tread.

Abstract: A vulcanized rubber comprising a rubber component containing natural rubber, in an amount of 20 to 70 parts by weight, and polybutadiene, in an amount of 30 to 80 parts by weight; a rubber matrix containing 5 to 55 parts by weight of carbon black and 5 to 55 parts by weight of silica per 100 parts per weight of the rubber component; a resin, and resin coated elongated cells having a length (L) to diameter (D) ratio (L/D) of at least 3. The vulcanized rubber can be used in the tread of tires to improve on-ice performance, wet properties and wear resistance in a well balanced manner.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprising a tire tread wherein a foamed rubber layer is provided at least in the portion substantially contacting with a road surface, and wherein said foamed rubber layer, which has closed cells, has an expansion ratio of about 2% to about 50%, and the solid rubber phase in said foamed rubber layer contains, in an amount of about 0.5 to about 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component, a vulcanization accelerator represented by one of the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represents an atom or a group selected from a group consisting of a hydrogen atom, alkyl groups, and aryl groups, excluding a case in which each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 simultaneously represents a hydrogen atom. The pneumatic tire which is used as an excellent studless tire suppresses deterioration in performance on ice or snow in the final period of tire use compared to the performance in the initial period of tire use.

Abstract: A fiber composite material in which short fibers, such as polyester short fibers, are added to a matrix, such as a cross-linked rubber matrix, is provided, wherein a heat shrinkage ratio of the short fibers is 8% or less at fiber composite material molding temperatures of 140 to 200.degree. C. Also provided is a pneumatic tire in whose tire tread the fiber composite material is used. Such pneumatic tires include pneumatic tires provided with a foamed rubber layer in a tire tread. The foamed rubber layer has an average cell diameter of 10 to 120 .mu.m and an expansion ratio of 3 to 50%. A solid phase rubber portion of the foamed rubber layer includes 5 to 55 parts by weight of carbon black, 55 to 5 parts by weight of silica, and 1 to 15 parts by weight of short fibers to 100 parts by weight of a diene-base rubber component including 70 to 20 parts by weight of natural rubber and 30 to 80 parts by weight of polybutadiene rubber. A surface of the tire tread has a hardness of 52 or less at 0.degree. C.