Abstract: The clad material comprises outer layers each consisting of Ni or Ni alloy and a base layer consisting of Cu or Cu alloy, and is characterized in that peeling-off at a clad boundary is not recognized in cross section observation made after the clad material has been subjected to a 90° reverse bend test ten times, and the number of reverse bend cycles before rupture is 17 cycles or more. The clad material has with both of excellent corrosion resistance against electrolytic solution and high electric conductivity.

Abstract: A titanium material for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell separator consists of, by mass %, a platinum group metal: 0.005% to 0.15% and a rare earth metal: 0.002% to 0.10%, with the balance being Ti and impurities. The titanium material of the present invention is provided with a film formed of a titanium oxide and a platinum group metal on the surface thereof. It is preferred that the film has a thickness of 50 nm or less, and that the concentration of the platinum group metal on the surface of the film is 1.5% by mass or more. With the thus formed film, the titanium material of the present invention is capable of achieving a reduction in initial contact resistance and ensuring good corrosion resistance. In the titanium material of the present invention, the rare earth metal is preferably Y, and the platinum group metal is preferably Pd.

Abstract: A method of producing a polarizing plate according to an embodiment includes: applying an application liquid containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and a surfactant onto a resin substrate to produce a laminate in which a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer is formed on the resin substrate; stretching and dyeing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer formed on the resin substrate to produce a polarizing film; laminating an optical functional film on a polarizing film side of the laminate to produce an optical functional film laminate; and peeling the resin substrate from the optical functional film laminate. A content of the surfactant in the application liquid is less than 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin.

Abstract: A method of producing a polarizing plate according to an embodiment includes: applying an application liquid containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and a surfactant onto a resin substrate to produce a laminate in which a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer is formed on the resin substrate; stretching and dyeing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer formed on the resin substrate to produce a polarizing film; laminating an optical functional film on a polarizing film side of the laminate to produce an optical functional film laminate; and peeling the resin substrate from the optical functional film laminate. A content of the surfactant in the application liquid is less than 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin.

Abstract: A method of producing a laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes applying an application liquid containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin to one side of a resin substrate, followed by drying of the application liquid to form a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer. The method includes: passing the application liquid before the application through a depth-type filter having a filtration accuracy of from 50 ?m to 100 ?m; and fluctuating a pressure applied to the application liquid supplied to the depth-type filter to remove air bubbles in the filter.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing a polarizing plate by which a polarizing film can be produced without the occurrence of a problem such as peeling between a resin substrate and a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, and after the production of the polarizing film, the polarizing film and the resin substrate can be peeled without limitations on a peel direction and a peel angle, and a polarizing plate excellent in external appearance can be obtained.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium secondary battery with three-dimensional network porous bodies as current collectors in which the internal resistance does not increase even after repeated charging and discharging. A lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode and a negative electrode each having as a current collector a three-dimensional network porous body, the positive electrode and the negative electrode being formed by filling at least an active material into pores of the three-dimensional network porous bodies, wherein the three-dimensional network porous body for the positive electrode is a three-dimensional network aluminum porous body having a hardness of 1.2 GPa or less, and the three-dimensional network porous body for the negative electrode is a three-dimensional network copper porous body having a hardness of 2.6 GPa or less.

Abstract: Provided are a current collector, an electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, each of which capable of reducing internal resistance and producing cost. More specifically, provided are: a three-dimensional network metal porous body for a current collector, comprising a sheet-shaped three-dimensional network metal porous body, wherein a degree of porosity of the sheet-shaped three-dimensional network metal porous body is 90% or more and 98% or less, and a 30%-cumulative pore diameter (D30) of the sheet-shaped three-dimensional network metal porous body calculated from a fine pore diameter measurement conducted by a bubble point method is 20 ?m or more and 100 ?m or less; an electrode using the three-dimensional network metal porous body; and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including the electrode.

Abstract: Provided an all-solid lithium secondary battery hardly gives rise to internal resistance even if charging and discharging are repeated. The all-solid lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, each of electrodes being an electrode in which a three-dimensional network porous body is used as a current collector and pores of the three-dimensional network porous body are filled with at least an active material, wherein the three-dimensional network porous body of the positive electrode includes an aluminum alloy with a Young's modulus of 70 GPa or higher and the three-dimensional network porous body of the negative electrode includes a copper alloy with a Young's modulus of 120 GPa or higher.

Abstract: A method of producing a laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes applying an application liquid containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin to one side of a resin substrate, followed by drying of the application liquid to form a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer. The method includes: passing the application liquid before the application through a depth-type filter having a filtration accuracy of from 50 ?m to 100 ?m; and fluctuating a pressure applied to the application liquid supplied to the depth-type filter to remove air bubbles in the filter.

Abstract: A titanium material for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell separator consists of, by mass %, a platinum group metal: 0.005% to 0.15% and a rare earth metal: 0.002% to 0.10%, with the balance being Ti and impurities. The titanium material of the present invention is provided with a film formed of a titanium oxide and a platinum group metal on the surface thereof. It is preferred that the film has a thickness of 50 nm or less, and that the concentration of the platinum group metal on the surface of the film is 1.5% by mass or more. With the thus formed film, the titanium material of the present invention is capable of achieving a reduction in initial contact resistance and ensuring good corrosion resistance. In the titanium material of the present invention, the rare earth metal is preferably Y, and the platinum group metal is preferably Pd.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display panel having a high contrast ratio in a front direction. A liquid crystal panel of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizing plate placed on one side of the liquid crystal cell; and a second polarizing plate placed on another side of the liquid crystal cell. A transmittance (T1) of the first polarizing plate is higher than a transmittance (T2) of the second polarizing plate. Preferably, a difference (?T=T1?T2) between the transmittance (T1) of the first polarizing plate and the transmittance (T2) of the second polarizing plate is 0.1% to 6.0%.

Abstract: The clad material comprises outer layers each consisting of Ni or Ni alloy and a base layer consisting of Cu or Cu alloy, and is characterized in that peeling-off at a clad boundary is not recognized in cross section observation made after the clad material has been subjected to a 90° reverse bend test ten times, and the number of reverse bend cycles before rupture is 17 cycles or more. The clad material has with both of excellent corrosion resistance against electrolytic solution and high electric conductivity.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel has a first optical film (4) adhered to a viewing side of a liquid crystal cell (2) through a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (3), and a second optical film (6) adhered to the reverse side of the liquid crystal cell (2) through a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (5). A creep value (L1) of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (3) is from 50 to 3000 ?m. A creep value (L2) of the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (5) is from 10 to 400 ?m. The creep value (L1) of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (3) is larger than the creep value (L2) of the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (5). The creep value means the shift amount after one hour of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a thickness of 20 ?m in a case where a tensile shearing force of 4.9 N is applied to an adhesive area of 10 mm2 at 23° C.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display panel having a high contrast ratio in a front direction. A liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizing plate placed on one side of the liquid crystal cell; a second polarizing plate placed on the other side of the liquid crystal cell; and a retardation layer placed between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizing plate. A refractive index ellipsoid of the retardation layer exhibits a relationship of n?ny>nz; and a light transmittance (T2) of the second polarizing plate is larger than a light transmittance (T1) of the first polarizing plate.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display panel having a high contrast ratio in a front direction. A liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizing plate placed on one side of the liquid crystal cell; a second polarizing plate placed on the other side of the liquid crystal cell; and a retardation layer placed between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizing plate. A refractive index ellipsoid of the retardation layer exhibits a relationship of n?ny>nz; and a light transmittance (T2) of the second polarizing plate is larger than a light transmittance (T1) of the first polarizing plate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel has a first optical film (4) adhered to a viewing side of a liquid crystal cell (2) through a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (3), and a second optical film (6) adhered to the reverse side of the liquid crystal cell (2) through a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (5). A creep value (L1) of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (3) is from 50 to 3000 ?m. A creep value (L2) of the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (5) is from 10 to 400 ?m. The creep value (L1) of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (3) is larger than the creep value (L2) of the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (5). The creep value means the shift amount after one hour of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a thickness of 20 ?m in a case where a tensile shearing force of 4.9 N is applied to an adhesive area of 10 mm2 at 23° C.

Abstract: There are provided a liquid crystal panel and a liquid crystal display apparatus each having an excellent screen contrast, a small color shift, and small display unevenness. The liquid crystal panel includes a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizer placed on one side of the liquid crystal cell; a second polarizer placed on the other side of the liquid crystal cell; and at least two optical compensation layers including a first optical compensation layer and a second optical compensation layer placed between the first polarizer and the second polarizer.

Abstract: A process for producing an optical functional film having a polyimide layer is provided, which includes an application step of applying a coating liquid containing polyimide and having a viscosity ? of 100<?<3000 mPa·s on a substrate film by a die coater having an upstream die lip and a downstream die lip, thereby forming a polyimide layer on the substrate film, in which D2?50 ?m and 0<D1?D2?200 ?m are satisfied, in which D1 represents a distance between a leading end of the upstream die lip and the substrate film and D2 represents a distance between a leading end of the downstream die lip and the substrate film.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display panel having a high contrast ratio in a front direction. A liquid crystal panel of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizing plate placed on one side of the liquid crystal cell; and a second polarizing plate placed on another side of the liquid crystal cell. A transmittance (T1) of the first polarizing plate is higher than a transmittance (T2) of the second polarizing plate. Preferably, a difference (?T=T1?T2) between the transmittance (T1) of the first polarizing plate and the transmittance (T2) of the second polarizing plate is 0.1% to 6.0%.