Abstract: This optical thin film is provided on a substrate, the optical thin film having a silicon oxide layer containing an oxide of silicon (Si), and a water repellent layer is contains a fluoride and is provided on the silicon oxide layer, the hardness of the silicon oxide layer measured by nanoindentation being 9 GPa or greater, and the arithmetic mean roughness of the water repellent layer measured by AFM being 0.7 nm or greater.

Abstract: A transparent member according to the present invention is formed by providing at least a substrate or a layer on the substrate, and has a surface section in which the contact angle with respect to water continuously changes.

Abstract: This invention provides a manufacturing method of a molded glass object in which generation of defects such as dents and wrinkles due to catching of ambient gas between a molten glass drop and an upper mold is restrained in the case of manufacturing a molded glass object by press-molding of a dropped molten glass drop, and a manufacturing method of an upper mold for the manufacturing method of a molded grass object. A molten glass drop is press-molded by use of an upper mold having been subjected to a roughening treatment to roughen the surface on the molding surface to compress the molten glass drop.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lower molding die that can well prevent the occurrence of an air bubble without narrowing the range of choice for materials for the lower molding die and, at the same time, is highly durable. Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing a molding die for molding molten glass droplets. The method comprises a step of machining a molding surface of the molding die, a polishing step of polishing the molding surface to an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of not more than 10 nm after the machining step, a step of forming at least one cover layer on the surface of the molding surface after the polishing step, and a step of roughening the surface of the cover layer formed on the molding surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lower molding die for receiving a molten glass droplet which is dripped. A cover layer is formed on a substrate with an intermediate layer therebetween, and a roughening process is performed on the surface of the cover layer in order to increase arithmetic average roughness Ra. The surface of the cover layer subjected to the roughening process has an arithmetic average roughness Ra of 0.01 ?m or more, and an average length RSm of a roughness curvilinear element of 0.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for manufacturing a molding die having excellent durability, with which durability film peeling and air bubbles are effectively reduced. A molding surface having a predetermined shape is formed on a substrate, and a cover layer is deposited on the molding surface by a sputtering method which cover layer is then roughened by etching. In the above method, the cover layer is deposited with the substrate held by a substrate holding member which is rotated around a predetermined rotation axis to vary the relative position between a sputtering target and the substrate holding member in such a way that the angle between the normal line of the surface of the sputtering target and the rotation axis is temporarily varied.

Abstract: This invention provides a manufacturing method of a molded glass object in which generation of defects such as dents and wrinkles due to catching of ambient gas between a molten glass drop and an upper mold is restrained in the case of manufacturing a molded glass object by press-molding of a dropped molten glass drop, and a manufacturing method of an upper mold for the manufacturing method of a molded grass object. A molten glass drop is press-molded by use of an upper mold having been subjected to a roughening treatment to roughen the surface on the molding surface to compress the molten glass drop.