Abstract: Activated cathode for use in aqueous solution electrolysis comprises (a) a base plate made of a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, tantalum, zirconium, niobium or an alloy essentially consisting of combination of those metals and (b) a metal oxide layer formed on the surface of the base plate, said metal oxide essentially consisting of an oxide of one or more metal elements selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum in the groups VIII--5 and VIII--6 of the periodic table and if necessary, (c) an oxide of one or more metal elements selected from the group consisting of calcium, magnesium, strontium, barium and zinc in the group II and chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, selenium and tellurium in the group VI.

Abstract: In a method for super calendering a magnetic recording element comprising a non-magnetic flexible support having provided thereon a magnetic layer mainly composed of ferromagnetic powders and a binder using a super calendering roll assembly having a metal roll in contact with the magnetic layer side and an elastic roll in contact with the support side opposite the metal roll, which comprises pressing the surface of the magnetic layer to thereby super calender the same, at least the surface area of the elastic roll comprises a polyamide resin having a Shore hardness D of at least about 70 and having a linear expansion coefficient of at least about 8 .times. 10.sup.-5 /.degree. C.