Abstract: There is provided a process for stereoselectively producing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound (3) or Z-form which comprises reacting 3-oxopropionitrile compound (1) with an acid chloride (2), characterized in that the reaction is conducted with removal of hydrogen chloride, or by using an organic base or an inorganic base, to thereby regulate the stereostructure of the product; a process for producing the compound (1) characterized by reacting acetonitrile compound (5) with an aromatic ester compound (6) by use of an alkali metal alkoxide in a hydrocarbon solvent while removing alcohol formed as a by-product by azeotropic distillation in a separating tank; and a process for isomerizing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound to Z-form thereof by use of an organic base.

Abstract: There is provided a process for stereoselectively producing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound (3) or Z-form which comprises reacting 3-oxopropionitrile compound (1) with an acid chloride (2), characterized in that the reaction is conducted with removal of hydrogen chloride, or by using an organic base or an inorganic base, to thereby regulate the stereostructure of the product; a process for producing the compound (1) characterized by reacting acetonitrile compound (5) with an aromatic ester compound (6) by use of an alkali metal alkoxide in a hydrocarbon solvent while removing alcohol formed as a by-product by azeotropic distillation in a separating tank; and a process for isomerizing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound to Z-form thereof by use of an organic base.

Abstract: There is provided a process for stereoselectively producing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound (3) or Z-form which comprises reacting 3-oxopropionitrile compound (1) with an acid chloride (2), characterized in that the reaction is conducted with removal of hydrogen chloride, or by using an organic base or an inorganic base, to thereby regulate the stereostructure of the product; a process for producing the compound (1) characterized by reacting acetonitrile compound (5) with an aromatic ester compound (6) by use of an alkali metal alkoxide in a hydrocarbon solvent while removing alcohol formed as a by-product by azeotropic distillation in a separating tank; and a process for isomerizing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound to Z-form thereof by use of an organic base.

Abstract: There is provided a process for stereoselectively producing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound (3) or Z-form which comprises reacting 3-oxopropionitrile compound (1) with an acid chloride (2), characterized in that the reaction is conducted with removal of hydrogen chloride, or by using an organic base or an inorganic base, to thereby regulate the stereostructure of the product; a process for producing the compound (1) characterized by reacting acetonitrile compound (5) with an aromatic ester compound (6) by use of an alkali metal alkoxide in a hydrocarbon solvent while removing alcohol formed as a by-product by azeotropic distillation in a separating tank; and a process for isomerizing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound to Z-form thereof by use of an organic base.

Abstract: There is provided a process for stereoselectively producing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound (3) or Z-form which comprises reacting 3-oxopropionitrile compound (1) with an acid chloride (2), characterized in that the reaction is conducted with removal of hydrogen chloride, or by using an organic base or an inorganic base, to thereby regulate the stereostructure of the product; a process for producing the compound (1) characterized by reacting acetonitrile compound (5) with an aromatic ester compound (6) by use of an alkali metal alkoxide in a hydrocarbon solvent while removing alcohol formed as a by-product by azeotropic distillation in a separating tank; and a process for isomerizing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound to Z-form thereof by use of an organic base.

Abstract: There is provided a process for stereoselectively producing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound (3) or Z-form which comprises reacting 3-oxopropionitrile compound (1) with an acid chloride (2), characterized in that the reaction is conducted with removal of hydrogen chloride, or by using an organic base or an inorganic base, to thereby regulate the stereostructure of the product; a process for producing the compound (1) characterized by reacting acetonitrile compound (5) with an aromatic ester compound (6) by use of an alkali metal alkoxide in a hydrocarbon solvent while removing alcohol formed as a by-product by azeotropic distillation in a separating tank; and a process for isomerizing E-form of 3-acyloxyacrylonitrile compound to Z-form thereof by use of an organic base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for producing D(+)-2-[4-(6-chloro-2-quinoxalyloxy)phenoxy]propionic acid and ester derivatives thereof and which can be used as selective herbicides for foliage treatment for controlling gramineous weeds against broad leaf crop plants.

Abstract: A method for producing 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine, wherein 2-amino-5-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine produced by reacting heptachloropropane or hexachloropropene and guanidine with methanol in the presence of a base, or by reacting 2-amino-4,5,6-trichloropyrimidine with methanol in the presence of a base, is used; and a method for producing 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine, characterized by reacting hexachloropropane or pentachloropropene and guanidine with methanol in the presence of a base.

Abstract: Disclosed are a herbicide and a plant growth regulator comprising a 2-arylaminopyrimidinone derivative represented by the formula (1): ##STR1## (wherein Q represents various kinds of aromatic ring or heterocyclic ring).This compound can be used safely to main crops and shows high herbicidal effect to many weeds with a low dosage, and also shows plant growth regulating effect.

Abstract: The present invention provides a moulded object of alumina matter-containing raw material for aluminum smelting by a blast furnace method. The moulded object for aluminum smelting is formed by coating a moulded object comprising the alumina matter-containing raw material and a carbon material with carbon material coating layers on its surface.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of smelting aluminum by using a blast furnace. An oxygen gas is introduced into a carbon material packed in a reactor, to burn the same to form a plurality of raceways and a high-temperature reduction region among the raceways. A mixture containing an alumina-containing starting material and a carbon material is then supplied selectively into the high-temperature reduction region while substantially preventing the mixture from contacting the raceways, to reduce the alumina to aluminum.

Abstract: Provided is a method for hydrogenating an aromatic compound by reacting the aromatic compound with hydrogen iodide in the presence of ruthenium catalyst.

Abstract: Sulfur and hydrogen are produced from hydrogen sulfide according to the present invention by bringing hydrogen sulfide into contact, at a temperature exceeding the boiling point of sulfur, with at least one member selected from the group consisting of the sulfides of molybdenum, tungsten and ruthenium to give rise to a gaseous mixture consisting of hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen and sulfur, cooling the produced mixture to separate therefrom the sulfur component in the condensed form and leave behind a gaseous mixture wherein the hydrogen component makes up the majority of the total weight thereof and subsequently removing hydrogen sulfide from this mixture by means of condensation or absorption.

Abstract: Sulfur and hydrogen are produced from hydrogen sulfide according to the present invention by bringing hydrogen sulfide into contact, at a temperature exceeding the boiling point of sulfur, with at least one member selected from the group consisting of the sulfides of molybdenum, tungsten and ruthenium to give rise to a gaseous mixture consisting of hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen and sulfur, cooling the produced mixture to separate therefrom the sulfur component in the condensed form and leave behind a gaseous mixture wherein the hydrogen component makes up the majority of the total weight thereof and subsequently removing hydrogen sulfide from this mixture by means of condensation or absorption.