Abstract: Carbonic acid esters are important compounds as a gasoline extender, an octane number improver, an organic solvent and a reacting agent in place of phosgene for production of isocyanates, polycarbonates and various intermediates of agricultural chemicals and pharmaceuticals.According to the present invention, carbonic acid esters can be prepared by reacting an alcohol with carbon monoxide and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a copper halide and a tertiary organophosphorus compound having phenyl group or alkyl group.

Abstract: A Mn-Si-Co-Fe-based high-strength brass alloy comprises, on the weight basis, 15 to 25% of Zn, 1.0 to 5.0% of Mn, 0.3 to 2.0% of Si, 0.01 to 0.5% of Fe, 0.01 to 2.0% of Co, 0.2 to 1.0% of Sn, 5 to 10% of Pb and the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities. The alloy has a novel intermetallic compound [Mn,Si,Co,Fe] substantially in the form of spheroids and has also fine grains. The alloy is adapted for use as sliding members or parts and has very good resistances to wear and corrosion, anti-seizing property and durability.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus to continuously manufacture red lead which is a primary material used to produce storage batteries, anticorrosion paint, glass, etc. In this method, lead monoxide and metal lead powder are continuously supplied from an inlet of a rotating inner cylinder which acts as a reaction chamber of a rotary kiln. The powder mixture proceeds toward the outlet of the kiln while it is oxidized into red lead. The yield of red lead, and the stable oxidation of raw material into red lead, can be accomplished by returning a part of the product powder available at the outlet to the inlet of the kiln.

Abstract: A water-cooled copper casting mold comprising a copper plate, a back frame which is fastened to the copper plate to thereby form cooling channels in which widths of main channels in the bolt fastening region are wider than those in other regions, characterized in that the water-cooled copper casting mold further comprises increased channels which are formed between right and left main channels in the bolt fastening region excluding bolt screwing halls, branch channels which are provided between the main channels and the increased channels wherein at least one of the branch channels and branching portions of the main channels has more sectional areas of water than the main and the increased channels.

Abstract: Carbonic acid esters are important compounds as a gasoline extender, an octane number improver, an organic solvent and a reacting agent in place of phosgene for production of isocyanates, polycarbonates and various intermediates of agricultural chemicals and pharmaceuticals.According to the present invention, carbonic acid esters can be prepared by reacting an alcohol with carbon monoxide and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a copper halide and a tertiary organophosphorus compound having phenyl group or alkyl group.

Abstract: A herbicide applicator including a plurality of swabbing devices for applying a herbicide to weeds which includes a plurality of nozzles adapted to be removably mounted on a herbicide supply pipe through branch connections. A swabbing member made of fabric material is pressed against the bottom of a respective one of the nozzles. This arrangement allows easy replacement of each swabbing member.

Abstract: A spray nozzle has a tubular body, an orifice plate, a tubular nozzle, and a nut for fastening the tubular body, the orifice plate, and the tubular nozzle together. The tubular nozzle is formed at its outer tip with a hole in the shape of an ellipse with a major axis and a minor axis. Inner walls of the tubular nozzle along the minor axis of the ellipse-shaped hole are straight along the entire length of the tubular nozzle and only the inner walls of the tubular nozzle along the major axis of the ellipse-shaped hole are tapered at the outer tip of the tubular nozzle.

Abstract: An automatic guided vehicle detects marks located on a plurality of points along a route it travels using at least three sensors, selects the number of marks detected from each individual sensor as a reference value in accordance with the logic of majority, and stops when the reference value agrees with a predetermined value. Cumulative errors, caused by misdetection are thus avoided and, there is little cumulative error. Thus, accurate control in long distance travel is possible.

Abstract: An automatic guided vehicle travels for a predetermined distance by detecting the distance covered, and thereafter stops when the mark located at the desired stopping point is detected by at least one sensor. Obstacles on the route, and cumulative error therefore have very little influence on the vehicle's travel, so that accurate travel control is obtained.

Abstract: A nozzle for spraying a liquid comprises a body formed with a bore extending therethrough and a core removably mounted on the top of the body. The core is formed with a rib on the top thereof and with a notch at each side of the rib. An orifice plate is mounted on the core and is formed with a rib on the upper side thereof. This rib on the orifice plate is hollow so that it may receive the rib on the core. The rib on the orifice plate is formed with a hole in the center thereof so that the liquid may pass up through the bore in the body, through the notches in the core, into the hollow rib on the orifice plate, and spout out through the hole in the rib on the orifice plate in a fan-like shape.

Abstract: Terephthalic acid produced by oxidizing paraxylene can be obtained in the form of dried powder from the slurry containing terephthalic acid and acetic acid and/or water by using combination of a tubular type heater having at least one heating tube and a separation chamber in which the heating tube(s) open(s) at one end(s) thereof.Critical slurry concentrations for smooth operation are given.

Abstract: Reaction mother liquor of terephthalic acid production is treated to separate volatile component mainly composed of acetic acid and solid components composed of used catalyst or heavy metal salt(s), residual terephthalic acid and reaction by-products by using combination of a tubular type heater having at least one heating tube of a relatively small diameter and a separation chamber in which the heating tube(s) open(s) at one end thereof.