Abstract: A pixel includes an organic light emitting diode including an anode electrode and a cathode electrode; a driving transistor including an input electrode connected to a first node (FN), a control electrode connected to a second node, and an output electrode connected to a third node; a switching transistor to apply a data signal to the FN in response to a scan signal in a second period; a first initialization transistor to apply a first initialization voltage to the second node in response to an initialization control signal in a first period (FP); a second initialization transistor to apply a second initialization voltage having a voltage level different from the first initialization voltage to the anode electrode in response to the initialization control signal in the FP; and an on-bias transistor to apply a first driving voltage to the FN in response to an on-bias control signal in the FP.

Abstract: A pixel includes an organic light emitting diode including an anode electrode and a cathode electrode; a driving transistor including an input electrode connected to a first node (FN), a control electrode connected to a second node, and an output electrode connected to a third node; a switching transistor to apply a data signal to the FN in response to a scan signal in a second period; a first initialization transistor to apply a first initialization voltage to the second node in response to an initialization control signal in a first period (FP); a second initialization transistor to apply a second initialization voltage having a voltage level different from the first initialization voltage to the anode electrode in response to the initialization control signal in the FP; and an on-bias transistor to apply a first driving voltage to the FN in response to an on-bias control signal in the FP.

Abstract: A lift apparatus for moving an object up and down in a substrate processing apparatus, the lift apparatus including a body configured to support the object while a lift hole, included in the body, is overlapped by the object in a vertical direction; a lift pin configured to move the object up and down by moving up and down in the lift hole; a bellows including an upper flange, a lower flange, and a flexible pipe; a connector combined with a lower portion of the lift pin in the flexible pipe and configured to interfere with downward movement of the lift pin and to allow at least one from among rotation, sliding, and tilting of the lift pin; a load sensor configured to measure vertical load generated in accordance with movement of the lift pin; and an actuator configured to move the lift pin up and down.

Abstract: Provided is a display device including: a substrate; a plurality of display elements defining a display area on the substrate and each including a pixel electrode, an opposite electrode, and an intermediate layer between the pixel electrode and the opposite electrode; a power supply wiring disposed outside the display area; an organic insulating layer on the power supply wiring and having an opening exposing the power supply wiring; a power supply electrode layer partially disposed on the organic insulating layer and including a plurality of holes over the organic insulating layer, wherein a first portion of the power supply electrode layer overlaps the power supply wiring and a second portion of the power supply electrode layer overlaps the opposite electrode; a plurality of protrusions spaced apart from each other and respectively covering at least some of the plurality of holes; and an encapsulation layer covering the plurality of display elements.

Abstract: An electrostatic chuck includes a chuck plate configured to mount a substrate, an insulation pillar provided outside the chuck plate, the insulation pillar having a pin hole formed therein, a first movable ring provided on the insulation pillar, surrounding a side of the chuck plate, a second movable ring configured to cover at least a part of an upper portion of the first movable ring, and a driving pin configured to move in the pin hole of the insulation pillar in a vertical direction, the driving pin overlapped by at least a part of the first movable ring and at least a part of the second movable ring in the vertical direction. The driving pin is configured to drive the first movable ring and the second movable ring in the vertical direction or to drive the second movable ring in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus and a lift pin alignment apparatus, the substrate processing apparatus including a chamber; a substrate plate on which the substrate is seatable; a plurality of movable lift in the substrate plate to support the substrate; a leveling sensor configured to be loadable in the chamber on the lift pins; a controller configured to receive measurement values of roll (?) and pitch (?) of a plane of the lift pins to calculate a rotation matrix (T) of the plane from the measurement values of roll (?) and pitch (?), and to calculate travel distances of the lift pins for leveling the plane to be parallel with a horizontal reference plane by using the rotation matrix (T) and to output a lift pin control signal for aligning the lift pins; and a lift pin driver to move the lift pins according to the lift pin control signal.

Abstract: A display device includes: a base layer including a display area and a non-display area; a circuit element layer disposed on the base layer; a display element layer disposed on the circuit element layer; a plurality of signal pads disposed on the base layer, wherein the plurality of signal pads are spaced a predetermined interval from each other, and are electrically connected to the circuit element layer; and an input sensing layer including a conductive layer and an input insulation layer, wherein the conductive layer is disposed on the display element layer, and the input insulation layer covers the conductive layer and a portion of each of the signal pads. Each of the signal pads includes a first pad portion and a second pad portion, wherein the first pad portion overlaps the input insulation layer, and the second pad portion does not overlap the input insulation layer.

Abstract: A display device includes first and second signal lines, first and second signal pads, and a pad insulating layer overlapping with the first and second signal lines. The first signal pad includes an intermediate conductive pattern overlapping with and connected to an end portion of the first signal line, and an upper conductive pattern on the intermediate conductive pattern, the upper conductive pattern being exposed through the pad insulating layer. The intermediate conductive pattern includes a first portion overlapping with the end portion of the first signal line, and a second portion between the end portion of the first signal line and an end portion of the second signal line and extending from the first portion. The upper conductive pattern is connected to the second portion of the intermediate conductive pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exhaust sound generating apparatus of a vehicle including a housing which has a connection flow passage connected to the exhaust pipe of a vehicle and is open on one surface, a cover member covering the open portion of the housing, and a membrane accommodated in an inside of the housing to partition the inside of the housing into a first space on the connection flow passage side and a second space on the cover member side and vibrated by the pulsation of exhaust gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for verifying data ownership. The user may verify whether the server actually owns the data to be uploaded by him, and the server may simultaneously verify whether the user actually owns the data.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a substrate, an inorganic insulating layer, a first conductive layer, and an organic material layer. The substrate includes a first area, a second area, and a bending area located between the first area and the second area the bending area configured to be bent about a first bending axis extending in a first direction. The inorganic insulating layer is arranged over the substrate. The first conductive layer extends from the first area to the second area passing over the bending area, and is arranged over the inorganic insulating layer. The organic material layer is arranged between the inorganic insulating layer and the first conductive layer and includes a central portion overlapping the bending area and a peripheral portion extending from the central portion. An average thickness of the central portion is greater than an average thickness of the peripheral portion.

Abstract: A pixel includes an organic light emitting diode including an anode electrode and a cathode electrode; a driving transistor including an input electrode connected to a first node (FN), a control electrode connected to a second node, and an output electrode connected to a third node; a switching transistor to apply a data signal to the FN in response to a scan signal in a second period; a first initialization transistor to apply a first initialization voltage to the second node in response to an initialization control signal in a first period (FP); a second initialization transistor to apply a second initialization voltage having a voltage level different from the first initialization voltage to the anode electrode in response to the initialization control signal in the FP; and an on-bias transistor to apply a first driving voltage to the FN in response to an on-bias control signal in the FP.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a substrate, an inorganic insulating layer, a first conductive layer, and an organic material layer. The substrate includes a first area, a second area, and a bending area located between the first area and the second area the bending area configured to be bent about a first bending axis extending in a first direction. The inorganic insulating layer is arranged over the substrate. The first conductive layer extends from the first area to the second area passing over the bending area, and is arranged over the inorganic insulating layer. The organic material layer is arranged between the inorganic insulating layer and the first conductive layer and includes a central portion overlapping the bending area and a peripheral portion extending from the central portion. An average thickness of the central portion is greater than an average thickness of the peripheral portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exhaust sound generating apparatus of a vehicle including a housing which has a connection flow passage connected to the exhaust pipe of a vehicle and is open on one surface, a cover member covering the open portion of the housing, and a membrane accommodated in an inside of the housing to partition the inside of the housing into a first space on the connection flow passage side and a second space on the cover member side and vibrated by the pulsation of exhaust gas.

Abstract: Provided is a display device including: a substrate; a plurality of display elements defining a display area on the substrate and each including a pixel electrode, an opposite electrode, and an intermediate layer between the pixel electrode and the opposite electrode; a power supply wiring disposed outside the display area; an organic insulating layer on the power supply wiring and having an opening exposing the power supply wiring; a power supply electrode layer partially disposed on the organic insulating layer and including a plurality of holes over the organic insulating layer, wherein a first portion of the power supply electrode layer overlaps the power supply wiring and a second portion of the power supply electrode layer overlaps the opposite electrode; a plurality of protrusions spaced apart from each other and respectively covering at least some of the plurality of holes; and an encapsulation layer covering the plurality of display elements.

Abstract: An automatic translation providing server includes an identification unit to identify a plurality of languages set by a plurality of user terminals connected with an on-line chat service; a reception unit to receive an input message from at least one of the user terminals; a translation unit to translate the input message into each of the languages respectively set by the plurality of user terminals; and a providing unit to provide the input message and contents of messages translated into each of the languages respectively set by the plurality of user terminals to the on-line chat service. Automatic translation providing methods using the automatic translation providing server are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a client, an encryption key is created using plain text data, a first tag is created using the encryption key, and the plain text data are encrypted under the encryption key to create encrypted data. The first tag is transmitted to the server to confirm whether the encrypted data is duplicated and after transmitting the first tag, the encrypted data is transmitted to the server in accordance with the request of the encrypted data from the server.

Abstract: A method for storing an encrypted file by a server is provided. The server receives a first encrypted file identifier from a client. The server generates a random number and transmits the random number to the client, when the first encrypted file identifier is present in a first database. The server generates a first verification value using the random number. In addition, the server confirms whether or not the client possesses a first encrypted file corresponding to the first encrypted file identifier among encrypted files stored in a second database by comparing the first verification value and a second verification value based on the random number with each other, when receiving the second verification value from the client.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a protective layer, a substrate including a non-display area adjacent to a display area, and a sub-pixel in the display area and including a conductive layer, an inorganic insulating layer on the conductive layer, an organic insulating layer on the inorganic insulating layer, and a display device connected to the conductive layer. The display apparatus further includes a power supply line including a first power supply line and a second power supply line electrically connected to the sub-pixel; and an insulating dam as at least one layer in the non-display area. The non-display area includes the insulating dam, the power supply line are placed, and a spaced area which does not include the organic insulating layer. The protective layer covers an exposed portion of the power supply line.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a protective layer, a substrate including a non-display area adjacent to a display area, and a sub-pixel in the display area and including a conductive layer, an inorganic insulating layer on the conductive layer, an organic insulating layer on the inorganic insulating layer, and a display device connected to the conductive layer. The display apparatus further includes a power supply line including a first power supply line and a second power supply line electrically connected to the sub-pixel; and an insulating dam as at least one layer in the non-display area. The non-display area includes the insulating dam, the power supply line are placed, and a spaced area which does not include the organic insulating layer. The protective layer covers an exposed portion of the power supply line.