Abstract: The disclosure features novel lipids and compositions involving the same. Nanoparticle compositions include an ionizable lipid, a phospholipid, a first sterol or a tocopherol, and optionally a second sterol different from the first sterol. Nanoparticle compositions further including therapeutic and/or prophylactics such as RNA are useful in the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactics to mammalian cells or organs to, for example, regulate polypeptide, protein, or gene expression.

Abstract: A method is provided for detecting a cancer in an individual, the method comprising detection of a deletion in the nucleic acid sequence between residues 10743 and 14125 in mitochondrial DNA by extracting the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the biological sample obtained from the individual and quantifying the amount of mtDNA in the sample having a deletion in the nucleic acid sequence between approximately residues 10743 and 14125 of the mtDNA genome, and comparing the amount of mtDNA in the sample having the deletion to at least one known reference sample. Kits for conducting the method are also provided.

Abstract: Mitochondrial DNA deletions useful for the detection of cancers and sun exposure are provided. In particular, methods and kits for detecting mitochondrial DNA deletions for the early detection, diagnosis and progression of prostate cancer, sun exposure and non-melonoma skin cancer are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel mitochondrial fusion transcripts and the parent mutated mtDNA molecules that are useful for predicting, diagnosing and/or monitoring cancer. Hybridization probes complementary thereto for use in the methods of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and kits for predicting, diagnosing and monitoring cancer, wherein the methods comprise quantifying mitochondrial DNA mutations in biological samples. The methods of the invention may also be effective in screening for new therapeutic agents and treatment regimens and may also be useful for monitoring the response of a subject to a preventative or therapeutic treatment.

Abstract: A method is provided for detecting a cancer in an individual, the method comprising detection of a deletion in the nucleic acid sequence between residues 10743 and 14125 in mitochondrial DNA by extracting the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the biological sample obtained from the individual and quantifying the amount of mtDNA in the sample having a deletion in the nucleic acid sequence between approximately residues 10743 and 14125 of the mtDNA genome, and comparing the amount of mtDNA in the sample having the deletion to at least one known reference sample. Kits for conducting the method are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for predicting, diagnosing and monitoring cancer. The methods comprise obtaining biological samples, extracting mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the samples, quantifying mitochondrial DNA mutation in the sample and comparing the level of mtDNA mutation with a reference value. The methods of the invention may also be effective in screening for new therapeutic agents and treatment regimes, and may also be useful for monitoring the response of a subject to a preventative or therapeutic treatment.

Abstract: A method for detecting cancer in an individual comprising detecting a deletion in the nucleic acid sequence between residues 10743 and 14125 in mitochondrial DNA, obtaining a biological sample from the individual, extracting the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the sample, quantifying the amount of mtDNA in the sample having a deletion in the nucleic acid sequence between residues 10743 and 14125 of the mtDNA genome, and comparing the amount of mtDNA in the sample having the deletion to at least one known reference sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel mitochondrial fusion transcripts and the parent mutated mtDNA molecules that are useful for predicting, diagnosing and/or monitoring cancer. Hybridization probes complementary thereto for use in the methods of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel mitochondrial fusion transcripts and related deletion molecules that are associated with UV exposure. Methods for in vivo and in vitro detection of mtDNA molecules and associated fusion transcripts is also provided, as is their use in the screening and testing of skin care products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for predicting, diagnosing and monitoring cancer. The methods comprise obtaining biological samples, extracting mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the samples, quantifying mitochondrial DNA mutation in the sample and comparing the level of mtDNA mutation with a reference value. The methods of the invention may also be effective in screening for new therapeutic agents and treatment regimes, and may also be useful for monitoring the response of a subject to a preventative or therapeutic treatment.

Abstract: Mitochondrial DNA deletions useful for the detection of cancers and sun exposure are provided. In particular, methods and kits for detecting mitochondrial DNA deletions for the early detection, diagnosis and progression of prostate cancer, sun exposure and non-melonoma skin cancer are provided.

Abstract: A method for detecting cancer in an individual comprising detecting a deletion in the nucleic acid sequence between residues 10743 and 12125 in mitochondrial DNA, obtaining a biological sample from the individual, extracting the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the sample, quantifying the amount of mtDNA in the sample having a deletion in the nucleic acid sequence between residues 10743 and 14125 of the mtDNA genome, and comparing the amount of mtDNA in the sample having the deletion to at least one known reference sample.

Abstract: Mitochondrial DNA deletions useful for the detection of cancers and sun exposure are provided. In particular, methods and kits for detecting mitochondrial DNA deletions for the early detection, diagnosis and progression of prostate cancer, sun exposure and non-melonoma skin cancer are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel mitochondrial fusion transcripts and related deletion molecules that are associated with UV exposure. Methods for in vivo and in vitro detection of mtDNA molecules and associated fusion transcripts is also provided, as is their use in the screening and testing of skin care products.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel mitochondrial fusion transcripts and the parent mutated mtDNA molecules that are useful for predicting, diagnosing and/or monitoring cancer. Hybridization probes complementary thereto for use in the methods of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: A method for detecting cancer in an individual comprising detecting a deletion in the nucleic acid sequence between residues 10743 and 12125 in mitochondrial DNA, obtaining a biological sample from the individual, extracting the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the sample, quantifying the amount of mtDNA in the sample having a deletion in the nucleic acid sequence between residues 10743 and 14125 of the mtDNA genome, and comparing the amount of mtDNA in the sample having the deletion to at least one known reference sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for predicting, diagnosing and monitoring cancer. The methods comprise obtaining biological samples, extracting mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the samples, quantifying mitochondrial DNA mutation in the sample and comparing the level of mtDNA mutation with a reference value. The methods of the invention may also be effective in screening for new therapeutic agents and treatment regimes, and may also be useful for monitoring the response of a subject to a preventative or therapeutic treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel mitochondrial fusion transcripts and related deletion molecules that are associated with UV exposure. Methods for in vivo and in vitro detection of mtDNA molecules and associated fusion transcripts is also provided, as is their use in the screening and testing of skin care products.

Abstract: Mitochondrial DNA deletions useful for the detection of cancers and sun exposure are provided. In particular, methods and kits for detecting mitochondrial DNA deletions for the early detection, diagnosis and progression of prostate cancer, sun exposure and non-melonoma skin cancer are provided.