Abstract: A thermally representative phantom mammalian manikin assembly is provided. The assembly can include a cover portion representative of mammalian tissue partially enclosing a thermal cavity having a thermally representative material therein. The cover portion can have an opening with a cap extending across the opening and configured to further enclose the thermal cavity. The cap can have an aperture extending therethrough to receive a device extending through the aperture and into the thermally representative material within the thermal cavity. The device can be a thermocouple configured to measure a temperature of the thermally representative material. In assemblies representing mammalian limbs, the assembly can further include a second thermal cavity representing an additional portion of the limb, e.g., thermally representative upper and lower leg cavities.