Abstract: A display device includes a substrate, a semiconductor layer disposed on the substrate, and including a first channel portion, a second channel portion, a connecting portion disposed between the first channel portion and the second channel portion, and electrode regions, a first insulating layer disposed on the semiconductor layer, a gate conductor disposed on the first insulating layer and including a first gate electrode overlapping the first channel portion and a second gate electrode overlapping the second channel portion, signal lines disposed on the substrate, a first electrode electrically connected to at least one of electrode regions of the semiconductor layer, an emission layer disposed on the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed on the emission layer, and the first channel portion and the second channel portion of the semiconductor layer each have a first width greater than a second width of the connecting portion.

Abstract: A surface-emitting laser device according to an embodiment comprises: a first electrode; a substrate arranged on the first electrode; a first reflection layer arranged on the substrate; an active region arranged on the first reflection layer and including a cavity; an opening region arranged on the active region and including an aperture and an insulation region; a second reflection layer arranged on the opening region; a second electrode arranged on the second reflection layer; and a delta doping layer arranged in the opening region. The thickness of the insulation region becomes thinner in the direction of the aperture, and the delta doping layer can be arranged at the aperture.

Abstract: A software system capable of enabling efficient communication between an application and an operating environment in a heterogeneous network is provided. A distributed processing system adopting the software system may obtain optimized latency during a network communication between distributed software modules.

Abstract: A method of controlling a transmission rate and a communication device using the same are disclosed. A method of controlling a transmission rate includes changing a path for packet transmission/reception from a first path to a second path, setting a congestion window and a slow-start threshold to be used in the second path to a congestion window and a slow-start threshold used in the first path, and adapting the congestion window and the slow-start threshold to be used in the second path according to a packet loss generated in the second path.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for routing on a mobile ad-hoc network are provided. The apparatus and method allow each node in a network to: measure a packet transmission rate to a neighboring node using a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); measure variation in the number of nodes due to their insertion or deletion; distribute relative packet transmission time relative to the SNR, which is measured using the packet transmission rate; and determine a routing path using the stored relative packet transmission time relative to the SNR. The apparatus includes a transceiver that receives a reply packet from a neighboring node, a measuring unit that uses the reply packet to measure movement of the neighboring node and a relative packet transmission time thereto, and a routing path determination unit that uses the relative packet transmission time to determine a routing path in the network.

Abstract: A handover method and apparatus are provided. The handover method of a mobile station (MS) moving from a network of a first access point (AP) to a network of a second AP includes scanning the second AP through a specific channel according to a handover history registered in the MS; and associating the MS with the second AP according to a result obtained from the scanning. Accordingly, a time delay occurring in the process of scanning an AP is minimized, thereby avoiding data loss of a service requiring real-time based data transmission.

Abstract: A method and network apparatus for setting a routing path and managing a neighbor node in mobile ad hoc, network environment are provided. The method for setting a routing path in mobile ad hoc network environment includes receiving a packet periodically broadcast from a neighbor node, measuring the quality of a link with the neighbor node through the received packet, calculating routing paths using the routing information of the neighbor node when the measured link quality is higher than a first threshold value, and selecting the shortest routing path to a destination node, among the calculated routing paths, as a path for packet transmission.

Abstract: A method of controlling a transmission rate and a communication device using the same are disclosed. A method of controlling a transmission rate includes changing a path for packet transmission/reception from a first path to a second path, setting a congestion window and a slow-start threshold to be used in the second path to a congestion window and a slow-start threshold used in the first path, and adapting the congestion window and the slow-start threshold to be used in the second path according to a packet loss generated in the second path.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for routing on a mobile ad-hoc network are provided. The apparatus and method allow each node in a network to: measure a packet transmission rate to a neighboring node using a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); measure variation in the number of nodes due to their insertion or deletion; distribute relative packet transmission time relative to the SNR, which is measured using the packet transmission rate; and determine a routing path using the stored relative packet transmission time relative to the SNR. The apparatus includes a transceiver that receives a reply packet from a neighboring node, a measuring unit that uses the reply packet to measure movement of the neighboring node and a relative packet transmission time thereto, and a routing path determination unit that uses the relative packet transmission time to determine a routing path in the network.

Abstract: A method and network apparatus for setting a routing path and managing a neighbor node in mobile ad hoc, network environment are provided. The method for setting a routing path in mobile ad hoc network environment includes receiving a packet periodically broadcast from a neighbor node, measuring the quality of a link with the neighbor node through the received packet, calculating routing paths using the routing information of the neighbor node when the measured link quality is higher than a first threshold value, and selecting the shortest routing path to a destination node, among the calculated routing paths, as a path for packet transmission.