Abstract: A surface-emitting laser device according to an embodiment comprises: a first electrode; a substrate arranged on the first electrode; a first reflection layer arranged on the substrate; an active region arranged on the first reflection layer and including a cavity; an opening region arranged on the active region and including an aperture and an insulation region; a second reflection layer arranged on the opening region; a second electrode arranged on the second reflection layer; and a delta doping layer arranged in the opening region. The thickness of the insulation region becomes thinner in the direction of the aperture, and the delta doping layer can be arranged at the aperture.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display panel; a driving voltage generator; a power voltage generator; an input voltage generator; and a timing controller. The display panel is provided with a pixel configured to emit light by using a driving voltage. The driving voltage generator is configured to supply the driving voltage to the pixel. The power voltage generator is configured to generate power voltages for driving of the display panel by using an input voltage, and generating an input voltage sensing value by sensing the input voltage. The input voltage generator is configured to supply the input voltage to the power voltage generator. The timing controller is configured to control an operation of at least one of the driving voltage generator, the power voltage generator, and the input voltage generator according to the input voltage sensing value.

Abstract: A self-healing alloy contains 5 to 11% by weight of molybdenum (Mo), iron (Fe) as a remainder, and unavoidable impurities. A method for manufacturing the self-healing alloy includes heat treating the alloy or preparing an alloy raw material powder and sintering, homogenizing, and cooling the alloy raw material powder.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of encoding a division block in video encoding and a method of decoding a division block in video decoding. An input picture is divided into encoding unit blocks. The encoding unit blocks are divided into sub-blocks. The sub-blocks are encoded by selectively using at least one of intra prediction encoding and inter prediction encoding. A decoding process is performed through a reverse process of the encoding method. When pixel values of an encoding unit block are encoded in video encoding, the flexibility in selecting an encoding mode is increased and the efficiency of encoding is increased.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of encoding a division block in video encoding and a method of decoding a division block in video decoding. An input picture is divided into encoding unit blocks. The encoding unit blocks are divided into sub-blocks. The sub-blocks are encoded by selectively using at least one of intra prediction encoding and inter prediction encoding. A decoding process is performed through a reverse process of the encoding method. When pixel values of an encoding unit block are encoded in video encoding, the flexibility in selecting an encoding mode is increased and the efficiency of encoding is increased.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of encoding a division block in video encoding and a method of decoding a division block in video decoding. An input picture is divided into encoding unit blocks. The encoding unit blocks are divided into sub-blocks. The sub-blocks are encoded by selectively using at least one of intra prediction encoding and inter prediction encoding. A decoding process is performed through a reverse process of the encoding method. When pixel values of an encoding unit block are encoded in video encoding, the flexibility in selecting an encoding mode is increased and the efficiency of encoding is increased.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of encoding a division block in video encoding and a method of decoding a division block in video decoding. An input picture is divided into encoding unit blocks. The encoding unit blocks are divided into sub-blocks. The sub-blocks are encoded by selectively using at least one of intra prediction encoding and inter prediction encoding. A decoding process is performed through a reverse process of the encoding method. When pixel values of an encoding unit block are encoded in video encoding, the flexibility in selecting an encoding mode is increased and the efficiency of encoding is increased.

Abstract: An electronic device and method are disclosed. The electronic device includes a memory, a display, a touch sensor included in the display or coupled to the display, and configured to sense a touch. A pressure sensor configured to detect a pressure value of the touch and a processor electrically connected with the memory, the display, the touch sensor, and the pressure sensor, wherein the processor is configured to sense a first touch having a pressure value of a specified threshold value or greater, by using the touch sensor and the pressure sensor, store first location data of the first touch in the memory, sense a second touch, by using the touch sensor and the pressure sensor, wherein the second touch has a pressure value of the specified threshold value or greater and is made after sensing the first touch and perform a specified operation of utilizing the first location data and second location data of the second touch as an input, in response to sensing the second touch.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch window. The touch window includes a cover window, a first sensing electrode layer formed on a view area (V/A) of the cover window and including a first electrode pattern including a first unit cell electrode pattern, and a second sensing electrode layer formed on the view area and including a second electrode pattern which crosses the first electrode pattern and includes a second unit cell electrode pattern. A ratio of an area of the space part between a first unit cell electrode pattern and a second unit cell electrode pattern adjacent to the first unit cell electrode pattern with respect to an area of the first unit cell electrode pattern of the first electrode pattern or the second unit cell electrode pattern of the second electrode pattern is in the range of 10% to 20%.

Abstract: An electronic device and method are disclosed. The electronic device includes a memory, a display, a touch sensor included in the display or coupled to the display, and configured to sense a touch. A pressure sensor configured to detect a pressure value of the touch and a processor electrically connected with the memory, the display, the touch sensor, and the pressure sensor, wherein the processor is configured to sense a first touch having a pressure value of a specified threshold value or greater, by using the touch sensor and the pressure sensor, store first location data of the first touch in the memory, sense a second touch, by using the touch sensor and the pressure sensor, wherein the second touch has a pressure value of the specified threshold value or greater and is made after sensing the first touch and perform a specified operation of utilizing the first location data and second location data of the second touch as an input, in response to sensing the second touch.

Abstract: Disclosed are a touch panel and a method for manufacturing the same. A touch panel can include a substrate, a transparent electrode base on the substrate, a first transparent electrode on the transparent electrode base and extending in a first direction, and a second transparent electrode on the transparent electrode base and extending in a second direction. A method of manufacturing a touch panel can include preparing a substrate and a transparent electrode base, forming a transparent electrode over the transparent electrode base, and forming an electrode material over the transparent electrode base.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of encoding a division block in video encoding and a method of decoding a division block in video decoding. An input picture is divided into encoding unit blocks. The encoding unit blocks are divided into sub-blocks. The sub-blocks are encoded by selectively using at least one of intra prediction encoding and inter prediction encoding. A decoding process is performed through a reverse process of the encoding method. When pixel values of an encoding unit block are encoded in video encoding, the flexibility in selecting an encoding mode is increased and the efficiency of encoding is increased.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of encoding a division block in video encoding and a method of decoding a division block in video decoding. An input picture is divided into encoding unit blocks. The encoding unit blocks are divided into sub-blocks. The sub-blocks are encoded by selectively using at least one of intra prediction encoding and inter prediction encoding. A decoding process is performed through a reverse process of the encoding method. When pixel values of an encoding unit block are encoded in video encoding, the flexibility in selecting an encoding mode is increased and the efficiency of encoding is increased.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch window. The touch window includes a cover window, a first sensing electrode layer formed on a view area (V/A) of the cover window and including a first electrode pattern including a first unit cell electrode pattern, and a second sensing electrode layer formed on the view area and including a second electrode pattern which crosses the first electrode pattern and includes a second unit cell electrode pattern. A ratio of an area of the space part between a first unit cell electrode pattern and a second unit cell electrode pattern adjacent to the first unit cell electrode pattern with respect to an area of the first unit cell electrode pattern of the first electrode pattern or the second unit cell electrode pattern of the second electrode pattern is in the range of 10% to 20%.

Abstract: Disclosed are a touch panel and a method for manufacturing the same. A touch panel can include a substrate, a transparent electrode base on the substrate, a first transparent electrode on the transparent electrode base and extending in a first direction, and a second transparent electrode on the transparent electrode base and extending in a second direction. A method of manufacturing a touch panel can include preparing a substrate and a transparent electrode base, forming a transparent electrode over the transparent electrode base, and forming an electrode material over the transparent electrode base.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch window. The touch window includes a cover window, a first sensing electrode layer formed on a view area (V/A) of the cover window and including a first electrode pattern including a first unit cell electrode pattern, and a second sensing electrode layer formed on the view area and including a second electrode pattern which crosses the first electrode pattern and includes a second unit cell electrode pattern. A ratio of an area of the space part between a first unit cell electrode pattern and a second unit cell electrode pattern adjacent to the first unit cell electrode pattern with respect to an area of the first unit cell electrode pattern of the first electrode pattern or the second unit cell electrode pattern of the second electrode pattern is in the range of 10% to 20%.

Abstract: Disclosed are a touch panel and a method for manufacturing the same. A touch panel can include a substrate, a transparent electrode base on the substrate, a first transparent electrode on the transparent electrode base and extending in a first direction, and a second transparent electrode on the transparent electrode base and extending in a second direction. A method of manufacturing a touch panel can include preparing a substrate and a transparent electrode base, forming a transparent electrode over the transparent electrode base, and forming an electrode material over the transparent electrode base.

Abstract: A method of producing interlayer distance controlled graphene, an interlayer distance controlled graphene composition, and a supercapacitor are provided. A method of producing an interlayer distance controlled graphene involves dispersing a graphene oxide in a solution by using a surfactant, forming a reduced graphene oxide by adding a reducing agent into the solution containing the dispersed graphene oxide, and adding a pillar material that is activated at its both ends by a N2+ group into the solution containing the reduced graphene oxide to control an interlayer distance of the reduced graphene oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed are a touch panel and a method for manufacturing the same. A touch panel can include a substrate, a transparent electrode base on the substrate, a first transparent electrode on the transparent electrode base and extending in a first direction, and a second transparent electrode on the transparent electrode base and extending in a second direction. A method of manufacturing a touch panel can include preparing a substrate and a transparent electrode base, forming a transparent electrode over the transparent electrode base, and forming an electrode material over the transparent electrode base.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is the structure of a GDI fuel delivery pipe. The structure of a GDI fuel delivery pipe includes: a main pipe configured to flow fuel through a hollow formed therein; a plurality of injector cups formed in cylindrical shapes having open lower ends, and configured to be coupled and fastened to the main pipe, to flow fuel therethrough, and to be coupled to respective injectors; a plurality of mount holders configured to form tubular parts each having a bolt hole in a lengthwise direction, and to be coupled and fastened to the main pipe; and fastening members configured to fasten the plurality of injector cups or mount holders to the main pipe by being coupled to the outer circumferential surface of the main pipe at both left and right ends thereof while surrounding the outer circumferences of the plurality of injector cups or mount holders.