Abstract: Disclosed is a trap including a status LED configured to indicate a trap status, a door sensor configured to indicate a door status, and a status button, configured to: 1) wake a micro controller such that the telemetry-enabled trap can be registered with a telemetry system, and 2) cause the status LED to indicate at least the trap status and the door status. Also disclosed is a method for monitoring the trap. The method includes receiving GPS data, monitoring the GPS data for valid positional information, and receiving an event message from a trap tracker module.

Abstract: Disclosed is a trap including a status LED configured to indicate a trap status, a door sensor configured to indicate a door status, and a status button, configured to: 1) wake a micro controller such that the telemetry-enabled trap can be registered with a telemetry system, and 2) cause the status LED to indicate at least the trap status and the door status. Also disclosed is a method for monitoring the trap. The method includes receiving GPS data, monitoring the GPS data for valid positional information, and receiving an event message from a trap tracker module.

Abstract: Disclosed is a trap including a status LED configured to indicate a trap status, a door sensor configured to indicate a door status, and a status button, configured to: 1) wake a micro controller such that the telemetry-enabled trap can be registered with a telemetry system, and 2) cause the status LED to indicate at least the trap status and the door status. Also disclosed is a method for monitoring the trap. The method includes receiving GPS data, monitoring the GPS data for valid positional information, and receiving an event message from a trap tracker module.

Abstract: A method for fuel cell system thermal management includes: maintaining a first zone at a first selected temperature range, maintaining a second zone at a second selected temperature range, and maintaining a third zone at a third selected temperature range. The second zone is in thermal communication with a first sensor and comprises a reformer, while the third zone is in thermal communication with a second sensor and comprises a fuel cell stack. The second selected temperature range is greater than the first selected temperature range, while the third selected temperature range is greater than the second selected temperature range.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for substantially reducing or eliminating pressure pulsations caused by the opening and closing of fuel injectors. A preferred embodiment provides a restriction orifice adjacent the inlet end of a fuel injector filter of a respective fuel injector.

Abstract: A precision fuel rail assembly for direct fuel injection comprising a plurality of formed parts first assembled and positioned loosely on a precision fixture, then joined (e.g. tack welded), by applying a BFM on all joints forming a “green” assembly and firing in a brazing oven, to produce a precision assembly formed from stainless steel parts. A bracket defining a sole plate for the assembly may be formed as a continuous element or a plurality of individual fuel rail brackets. Flanged sockets are attached to the bracket at locations corresponding to the fuel injector locations on an engine bank. Bolt holes are provided along the centerline of the sockets and fuel injectors. The bracket supports a fuel distribution tube via saddle elements disposed between the bracket and the tube. A jump tube supplies fuel from the distribution tube to each socket.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack having perforated baffles disposed within the cathode air flow spaces of the stack for distributing air across the cathode and interconnect surfaces in a predetermined pattern to minimize temperature variations on the cathode surface. A baffle comprises at least one element inclined to the air flow direction and having a pattern of perforations for the passage of air therethrough. A baffle may include one or more additional elements to form, for example, a V shape within the cathode air flow space. The perforations may be in the form of slots, holes, or any other shape as desired. The pattern of perforations may be varied both longitudinally and transversely of the baffle element to modulate air flow both longitudinally and transversely as may be required.

Abstract: A method for fuel cell system thermal management includes: maintaining a first zone at a first selected temperature range, maintaining a second zone at a second selected temperature range, and maintaining a third zone at a third selected temperature range. The second zone is in thermal communication with a first sensor and comprises a reformer, while the third zone is in thermal communication with a second sensor and comprises a fuel cell stack. The second selected temperature range is greater than the first selected temperature range, while the third selected temperature range is greater than the second selected temperature range.

Abstract: A method for determining an optimal combustion interval during start-up of a hydrocarbon catalytic reformer under various conditions of temperature, fuel type, and combustion fuel flow rate. An initial catalyst temperature is measured and an algorithm is used to calculate a rate of heating of the catalyst by combustion based upon heat content of the fuel, selected fuel flow rate, and heat capacity and mass of the catalyst and reformer passages. From the initial temperature and the heating gradient, an optimal combustion interval is inferred through the algorithm and used to terminate combustion, initiate a combustion quench interval, and change over the fuel flow rate and mixture from combustion to reforming.

Abstract: A method for improving the efficiency of a hydrocarbon catalytic reformer and close-coupled fuel cell system by recycling a percentage of the anode exhaust syngas directly into the reformer in a range between about 20% and about 60%. Oxygen is supplied to the reformer at start-up. Under equilibrium conditions, oxygen required for reforming of hydrocarbon fuel is derived entirely from endothermic reforming of water and carbon dioxide in the recycled syngas. Recycling of anode syngas into the reformer increases fuel efficiency, adds excess water to the reformate to increase protection against anode coking, and protects the fuel cell stack against air- and water-borne contaminants. A method for producing an excess amount of syngas for exporting for other purposes is also provided.

Abstract: A fuel cell assembly having means for providing tempered air to, and removing spent air from, air-flow passages across the cathode. The air flow path includes means for reversing the direction of flow across the cathode periodically to reverse the roles of the leading and trailing edges of the cathode to prevent temperature differences across the cathode from exceeding 200° C., and thus to prevent damage to the cathode from thermally-induced stresses during startup heating and steady-state cooling.

Abstract: A method of preventing anode oxidation in a fuel cell is disclosed comprising applying a negative current to an anode of said fuel cell, such that the anode is disposed in ionic communication with a cathode through an electrolyte. Oxygen is transferred from the anode through the electrolyte to the cathode. A method preventing anode oxidation in a fuel cell by storing and using a reformate and doping an anode are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of preventing anode oxidation in a fuel cell is disclosed comprising applying a negative current to an anode of said fuel cell, such that the anode is disposed in ionic communication with a cathode through an electrolyte. Oxygen is transferred from the anode through the electrolyte to the cathode. A method preventing anode oxidation in a fuel cell by storing and using a reformate and doping an anode are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is disclosed. The fuel cell system comprises a thermophotovoltaic insulation disposed around at least a portion of a fuel cell. Methods for operating the fuel cell system are also disclosed.

Abstract: An emergency escape elevator features a release device for releasing the elevator from its tethering cable, allowing the elevator to descend under the force of gravity. A vertical descent control apparatus controls the rate of descent of the elevator by measuring the rate of descent of the elevator and applying a brake to keep the elevator falling at a desired safe rate. The elevator guiderails are tapered inward at the bottom of the elevator shaft to apply friction to the elevator to slow it down. The elevator shaft can turn at the bottom and become horizontal to aid in slowing and stopping the elevator.

Abstract: A stationary inclined platform is positioned along the edge of a train platform such that train passengers approach the edge of the train platform will notice the sudden uphill orientation of the warning platform and will realize that they are approaching the train track area. The warning platform includes a nonskid surface and extends into the track area to bring passengers closer to the train doors. The warning platform is particular useful to visually impaired passengers and facilitates wheelchair access to the train.

Abstract: A vertically movable bathroom can be moved between a plurality of vertically spaced user stations, such as the floors in a high rise building. In one embodiment a freight elevator in a high rise building is modified to include complete bathroom facilities that are accessible to disabled persons, such that the facilities can be provided to any floor of the building. The modified elevator also includes first aid supplies, oxygen, a stretcher, etc., to make such supplies available throughout the building. Fire safety facilities, including a self contained sprinkler system and an express control to cause the elevator to travel to an exit floor without opening on any intermediate floors, provide a safe means of egress from the building in the event of a fire or other emergency.