Abstract: Methods and cleaning compositions for reduction of nucleic acid contamination on surfaces, in air, and in solutions using modified pectin are provided.

Abstract: Automated oligonucleotide synthesis-compatible fluorescent dye phosphoramidite compounds, solid supports, and labeled polynucleotides incorporating the compounds are provided. The compounds allow universal incorporation of the fluorescent label into any position of the polynucleotide.

Abstract: Automated oligonucleotide synthesis-compatible fluorescent dye phosphoramidite compounds, solid supports, and labeled polynucleotides incorporating the compounds are provided. The compounds allow universal incorporation of the fluorescent label into any position of the polynucleotide.

Abstract: Methods and cleaning compositions for reduction of nucleic acid contamination on surfaces, in air, and in solutions using modified pectin are provided.

Abstract: A reagent having the general formula of General Formula I: wherein group R is an electrophilic or a nucleophilic moiety suitable for reaction of the reagent with a biologically active species; group R2 is one of H and OH moieties; group R3 is one of an alkyl and a methylene bearing an electronegative substituent; group Z is one of (CH2)n and CH2O(CH2CH2O)n2, and n is an integer of from 1 to 5, and n2 is an integer of from 1 to 4; and each of group Z2 and Z3 are (CH2)CONH(CH2)3CONH(CH2)2. Also, a reagent having the general formula of General Formula II: group R2 is one of H and OH moieties; group Z is one of (CH2)n and CH2O(CH2CH2O)n2, and n is an integer of from 1 to 5, and n2 is an integer of from 1 to 4; each of group Z2 and group Z3 include one of (CH2)CONH(CH2)3CONH(CH2)2; and (CH2)CONH(CH2); and group R is an electrophilic or a nucleophilic moiety suitable for reaction of the reagent with the biologically active species.

Abstract: A reagent having the general formula of General Formula I: 1

Abstract: Reagents suitable for the modification of a bioactive species for the purpose of incorporating one or more phenyldiboronic acid (PDBA) moieties for subsequent conjugation to a different (or the same) bioactive species having one or more pendant boronic compound complexing moieties of the general formula of General Formula I, wherein group R is a reactive electrophilic or nucleophilic moiety suitable for reaction of the PDBA reagent with a bioactive species. Group Z is a spacer selected from a saturated or unsaturated chain up to about 0 to 6 carbon equivalents in length, an unbranched saturated or unsaturated chain of from about 6 to 18 carbon equivalents in length with at least one intermediate amide or disulfide moiety, and a polyethylene glycol chain of from about 3 to 12 carbon equivalents in length. Group Q is a linkage that includes one of amide, ether and thioether moieties.

Abstract: Embodiments include reagents to modify a bioactive species for incorporating a bifunctional boronic compound complexing moiety for subsequent conjugation to a different or same bioactive species having pendant phenylboronic acid moieties of General Formula I, wherein group R is an electrophilic or nucleophilic moiety suitable for reaction of the putative bifunctional boronic compound complexing reagent with a bioactive species, wherein group R2 is selected from one of H and OH moieties, and wherein group R3 is selected from one of an alkyl and a methylene bearing an electronegative substituent. Group Z is a spacer selected from (CH2)n and CH2O(CH2CH2O)n2, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 5, and wherein n2 is an integer of from 1 to 4. Group Z2 and Z3 is a spacer and need not be the same.

Abstract: Reagents suitable for the modification of a bioactive species for the purpose of incorporating a bifunctional boronic compound complexing moiety for subsequent conjugation to a different (or the same) bioactive species having pendant phenylboronic acid moieties of General Formula 1, ##STR1## wherein group R is an electrophilic or nucleophilic moiety suitable for reaction of the putative bifunctional boronic compound complexing reagent with a bioactive species, wherein group R.sub.2 is selected from one of H and OH moieties, and wherein group R.sub.3 is selected from one of an alkyl and a methylene bearing an electronegative substituent. Group Z is a spacer selected from (CH.sub.2).sub.n and CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n.sbsb.2, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 5, and wherein n.sub.2 is an integer of from 1 to 4. Each of group Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 is a spacer selected from CH.sub.2 Ar, CH.sub.2 CONHCH.sub.2 Ar, CH.sub.2 CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.n.sbsb.3 CO--NHCH.sub.2 Ar, and (CH.sub.2).sub.n.sbsb.

Abstract: Reagents suitable for the modification of a bioactive species for the purpose of incorporating one or more phenyldiboronic acid (PDBA) moieties for subsequent conjugation to a different (or the same) bioactive species having one or more pendant boronic compound complexing moieties of the general formula of General Formula I, ##STR1## wherein group R is a reactive electrophilic or nucleophilic moiety suitable for reaction of the PDBA reagent with a bioactive species. Group Z is a spacer selected from a saturated or unsaturated chain up to about 0 to 6 carbon equivalents in length, an unbranched saturated or unsaturated chain of from about 6 to 18 carbon equivalents in length with at least one intermediate amide or disulfide moiety, and a polyethylene glycol chain of from about 3 to 12 carbon equivalents in length. Group Q is a linkage that includes one of amide, ether and thioether moieties.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents, boron compound complexes, and methods of synthesizing these reagents and complexes are disclosed. These reagents and complexes include those shown in General Formula CIII, General Formula CIV, and General Formula CVI. In one embodiment, the reagents of General Formula CIII may be used to produce, after condensation with a bioactive species (BAS), the reagent of General Formula CIV. The reagent of General Formula CIV may be used to form a complex with a boron compound, such as a complex shown in General Formula CVI.

Abstract: Boron compound completing reagents, intermediate reagents of those reagents and methods of synthesizing these reagents. These reagents, including those shown as General Formula CII may be used, after further reactions described herein, to complex with boronic compounds, such as phenylboronic acid or derivatives thereof. ##STR1## In one embodiment, group Z comprises a spacer selected from a saturated or unsaturated chain up to about 0 to 6 carbon equivalents in length, an unbranched saturated or unsaturated chain of from about 6 to 18 carbon equivalents in length with at least one of intermediate amide and disulfide moieties, and a polyethylene glycol chain of from 3 to 12 carbon equivalents in length; group R.sub.2 is one of an alkyl and a methylene with an electronegative moiety; and BAS is a biologically active species.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents, boron compound complexes, and methods of synthesizing these reagents and complexes are disclosed. These reagents and complexes include those shown in General Formula CIV, and General Formula CVI. In one embodiment, the reagent of General Formula CIV may be used to form a complex with a boron compound, such as a complex shown in General Formula CVI. ##STR1## In one embodiment, group Z comprises a spacer selected from a saturated or unsaturated chain of up to about 6 carbon equivalents in length, an unbranched saturated or unsaturated chain of from about 6 to 18 carbon equivalents in length with at least one of intermediate amide and disulfide moieties, and a polyethylene glycol chain of from about 3 to 12 carbon equivalents in length; group R.sub.3 is selected from one of an H, an alkyl, and a methylene or ethylene moiety with an electronegative substituent; and BAS and BAS* are biologically active species.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents, intermediate reagents of those reagents, and methods of synthesizing these reagents are disclosed. These reagents, including those shown as General Formula II may be used, after further reactions described herein, to complex with boronic compounds, such as phenylboronic acid or derivatives thereof. ##STR1## In one embodiment, group Z comprises a spacer selected from a saturated or unsaturated chain of up to about 6 carbon equivalents in length, an unbranched saturated or unsaturated chain from about 6 to 18 carbon equivalents in length with at least one intermediate amide or disulfide moieties, and a polyethylene glycol chain of from about 3 to 12 carbon equivalents in length; group R.sub.2 is one of an alkyl and a methylene group with an electronegative moiety; and BAS is a biologically active species.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents, boron compound complexes, and methods of synthesizing these reagents and complexes are disclosed. These reagents and complexes include those shown in General Formula IV and General Formula VI. In one embodiment, the reagent of General Formula IV may be used to form a complex with a boron compound, such as a complex shown in General Formula VI. ##STR1## In one embodiment, group Z comprises a spacer selected from a saturated or unsaturated chain of up to about 6 carbon equivalents in length, an unbranched saturated or unsaturated chain of from about 6 to 18 carbon equivalents in length with at least one of intermediate amide or disulfide moieties, and a polyethylene glycol chain of from about 3 to 12 carbon equivalents in length; group R.sub.3 is selected from one of an H, an alkyl, and a methylene or ethylene moiety with an electronegative substituent; and BAS and BAS* are biologically active species.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents and methods of synthesizing these reagents are disclosed. These reagents, including those shown as General Formula I and General Formula II may be used, after further reactions described herein, to complex with boronic compounds, such as phenylboronic acid or derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents, boron compound complexes, and methods of synthesizing these reagents and complexes are disclosed. These reagents and complexes include those shown in General Formula CIII, General Formula CIV, and General Formula CVI. In one embodiment, the reagents of General Formula CIII may be used to produce, after condensation with a bioactive species (BAS), the reagent of General Formula CIV. The reagent of General Formula CIV may be used to form a complex with a boron compound, such as a complex shown in General Formula CVI.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents, intermediate reagents of those reagents and methods of synthesizing these reagents are disclosed. These reagents, including those shown as General Formula I and General Formula II may be used, after further reactions described herein, to complex with boronic compounds, such as phenylboronic acid or derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents, boron compound complexes, and methods of synthesizing these reagents and complexes are disclosed. These reagents and complexes include those shown in General Formula III, General Formula IV, and General Formula VI. In one embodiment, the reagents of General Formula III may be used to produce, after condensation with a bioactive species (BAS), the reagent of General Formula IV. The reagent of General Formula IV may be used to form a complex with a boron compound, such as a complex shown in General Formula VI.

Abstract: The invention provides 1,3,4 substituted and bicyclic derivatives of 2-azetidinones and processes therefor. These compounds are valuable intermediates useful in the preparation of 1-carba(dethia)cephalosporin antibiotics.