Abstract: A method of filling at least one fluid housing with fluid is disclosed. The method includes: (a) arranging at least one fluid housing within a sealable vessel containing a fluid and attached to a vacuum; and (b) activating the vacuum such that air is withdrawn from the sealable vessel and the fluid is drawn into the at least one fluid housing.

Abstract: A method of filling at least one fluid housing with fluid is disclosed. The method includes: (a) arranging at least one fluid housing within a sealable vessel containing a fluid and attached to a vacuum; and (b) activating the vacuum such that air is withdrawn from the sealable vessel and the fluid is drawn into the at least one fluid housing.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling congestion in a cellular communication system (20) are provided. A method includes measuring an inter-arrival time for a plurality of communication packets in at least one user equipment within the communication cell and calculating an average value for the measured inter-arrival times (102). The method further includes determining the average value over each of a plurality of time periods and identifying a congestion condition when the determined average value exceeds a predetermined value over the plurality of time periods (104, 106).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing latency when setting up a Push-to-Talk (PTT) session from a User Equipment (UE) in a WCDMA radio communication network. When a user opens a PTT application or accesses the contacts page, the UE obtains a radio bearer from the network. The UE may maintain the radio bearer until the session is requested by transmitting periodic Heartbeat messages to the network. The Heartbeat messages have a length sufficient to trigger the network to place the user terminal on a Dedicated Channel (DCH), and the time period between Heartbeat messages is short enough to prevent the UE from being removed from the DCH for inactivity. When the user presses the PTT button, a SIP INVITE message is immediately sent without delay.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling congestion in a cellular communication system (20) are provided. A method includes measuring an inter-arrival time for a plurality of communication packets in at least one user equipment within the communication cell and calculating an average value for the measured inter-arrival times (102). The method further includes determining the average value over each of a plurality of time periods and identifying a congestion condition when the determined average value exceeds a predetermined value over the plurality of time periods (104, 106).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing latency when setting up a Push-to-Talk (PTT) session from a User Equipment (UE) in a WCDMA radio communication network. When a user opens a PTT application or accesses the contacts page, the UE obtains a radio bearer from the network. The UE may maintain the radio bearer until the session is requested by transmitting periodic Heartbeat messages to the network. The Heartbeat messages have a length sufficient to trigger the network to place the user terminal on a Dedicated Channel (DCH), and the time period between Heartbeat messages is short enough to prevent the UE from being removed from the DCH for inactivity. When the user presses the PTT button, a SIP INVITE message is immediately sent without delay.