Abstract: Novel tools and techniques might provide for implementing application, service, and/or content access control. Based at least in part on a consumer's choice of applications, services, content, and/or content providers—particular in exchange for a subsidy on content and/or network access fees provided to the consumer by chosen content providers—, a computing system may determine whether access to applications, services, and/or content not associated with the chosen content providers (“other content”) should be allowed or restricted. If restricted, the computing system might utilize various network access techniques and/or technologies to block the consumer's access to the other content, to allow access to the other content on a charge per access basis, or to allow access to the other content at reduced network access speeds. In some embodiments, an access provider (e.g., an Internet service provider, etc.) might perform both determination and implementation of content access and restriction.

Abstract: A vertical cavity surface emitter device (e.g., VCSEL or RC-LED) containing a buried index-guiding current confinement aperture layer which is grown, and lithographically processed to define position, shape and dimension of an inner aperture. In a regrowth process, the aperture is filled with a single crystalline material from the third contact layer. The aperture provides for both current and optical confinement, while allowing for higher optical power output and improved thermal conductivity.

Abstract: A widely tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) having a semiconductor cavity followed by an air-gap over which is a movable reflector. Lasing wavelength is controlled by a combination of the resonance of the semiconductor cavity, which is fixed, and the resonance of the air cavity, which can be changed by moving the reflector. Tuning range and slope of the VCSEL are increased by configuring the semiconductor cavity to be antiresonant at the center of the tuning range, which forces electromagnetic energy to be confined more strongly in the air gap than in the semiconductor, thus making emission wavelength more sensitive to the displacement of the tuning mirror.

Abstract: A high-contrast grating (HCG) structure and method of fabrication. The grating of the HCG is formed over a structural spacer layer, allowing a wider range of grating patterns, such as post and other forms which are lack structural support when fabricated over an air spacing beneath the grating elements. The technique involves etching the HCG grating, followed by oxidizing through this HCG grating into an oxide spacer layer beneath it creating a low-index area beneath the grating. This form of HCG reflector can be utilizes as upper and/or lower reflectors in fabricating vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs).