Abstract: A collar device is described herein comprising a spacer component including at least one emitter and at least one detector, the spacer component comprising a plurality of optical pathway elements, wherein the plurality of optical pathway elements comprises a first optical pathway element and a second optical pathway element. The spacer component is secured to the device, wherein the first optical pathway element extends from an emitter, wherein the second optical pathway element extends from a detector. The emitter is configured to project light through the first optical pathway element toward skin tissue of an animal. The detector is configured to detect portions of the light reflected by the skin tissue back through the second optical pathway element. One or more applications running on at least one processor of the device is configured to use information of reflected light to determine a biological metric.

Abstract: A pet collar has an adjustable length strap and a buckle. The buckle has a receiver and a clip releasably coupled to the receiver. The receiver includes a catch portion coupleable to the clip and a tension indicator portion. The tension indicator portion has two side walls defining a shuttle channel. Each side wall has a top surface having a first mark, a second mark, a third mark, and a fourth mark which have color coding. The shuttle channel is configured to slidably receive a reciprocating tensioning shuttle therein. The tensioning shuttle includes two side wall and a compression spring. Each side wall also includes a top flange overlaying the receiver side walls that includes a first viewing window and a second viewing window. The viewing windows alignment with the underlying marks indicated the tension of the collar upon the pet.

Abstract: A pet collar has an adjustable length strap and a buckle. The buckle has a receiver and a clip releasably coupled to the receiver. The receiver includes a catch portion coupleable to the clip and a tension indicator portion. The tension indicator portion has two side walls defining a shuttle channel. Each side wall has a top surface having a first mark, a second mark, a third mark, and a fourth mark which have color coding. The shuttle channel is configured to slidably receive a reciprocating tensioning shuttle therein. The tensioning shuttle includes two side wall and a compression spring. Each side wall also includes a top flange overlaying the receiver side walls that includes a first viewing window and a second viewing window. The viewing windows alignment with the underlying marks indicated the tension of the collar upon the pet.

Abstract: A collar unit device is described comprising a receiving cavity for receiving a metal electrode probe, wherein at least one elastomeric ring encircles the metal electrode probe, wherein the at least one elastomeric ring mechanically isolates the metal electrode probe from the receiving cavity. The device includes a piezoelectric element. The device includes a grommet component for maintaining the piezoelectric element in a secured position, wherein the secured position comprises the piezoelectric element maintaining contact with the metal electrode probe.

Abstract: A system and apparatus to track and control an animal is described, including a tracking unit to track the animal, and a stimulus unit to provide a stimulus to the animal, wherein the tracking unit and stimulus unit are configured to be coupled together. The stimulus unit is entirely a slave device to the tracking unit and has no independent smart circuitry, no independent power supply and no antennae. Accordingly, the stimulation unit is dependent upon the tracking unit for operation, power and for communication to and from a remote hand held control device.

Abstract: A collar unit device is described comprising a receiving cavity for receiving a metal electrode probe, wherein at least one elastomeric ring encircles the metal electrode probe, wherein the at least one elastomeric ring mechanically isolates the metal electrode probe from the receiving cavity. The device includes a piezoelectric element. The device includes a grommet component for maintaining the piezoelectric element in a secured position, wherein the secured position comprises the piezoelectric element maintaining contact with the metal electrode probe.

Abstract: A system and apparatus to track and control an animal is described, including a tracking unit to track the animal, and a stimulus unit to provide a stimulus to the animal, wherein the tracking unit and stimulus unit are configured to be coupled together. The stimulus unit is entirely a slave device to the tracking unit and has no independent smart circuitry, no independent power supply and no antennae. Accordingly, the stimulation unit is dependent upon the tracking unit for operation, power and for communication to and from a remote hand held control device.

Abstract: An animal training apparatus including an electrical conductor embedded within a flexible member, and a housing having a through-opening for receiving the electrical conductor therethrough. The flexible member is molded around the electrical conductor and the antenna, while the electrical conductor is positioned such that it extends into the housing through the through-opening. As a result of the molding process, the flexible member shields the housing through-opening, discouraging substances such as water from accessing the interior of the housing via the through-opening.

Abstract: An animal training apparatus including an electrical conductor embedded within a flexible member, and a housing having a through-opening for receiving the electrical conductor therethrough. The flexible member is molded around the electrical conductor and the antenna, while the electrical conductor is positioned such that it extends into the housing through the through-opening. As a result of the molding process, the flexible member shields the housing through-opening, discouraging substances such as water from accessing the interior of the housing via the through-opening.