Abstract: Antibiotics (Abx) are the world's most misused drugs. Antibiotics misuse occurs when the drug is administered in case of a non-bacterial infection (such as a viral infection) for which it is ineffective. Overall, it is estimated that 40-70% of the worldwide Abx courses are mis-prescribed. The financial and health consequences of Abx over-prescription include the direct cost of the drugs, as well as the indirect costs of their side effects, which are estimated at >$15 billion annually. Furthermore, over-prescription directly causes the emergence of Abx-resistant strains of bacteria, which are recognized as one of the major threats to public health today. This generates an immediate need for reliable diagnostics to assist physicians in correct Abx prescription, especially at the point-of-care (POC) where most Abx are prescribed. Accordingly, some aspects of the present invention provide methods using biomarkers for rapidly detecting the source of infection and administrating the appropriate treatment.

Abstract: A method of determining responsiveness to cancer treatment is disclosed. The method comprises analyzing a frequency of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) having a CD8+CD28?CD152? signature in a sample of the subject, wherein a frequency of TILs having the CD8+CD28?CD152? signature above a predetermined level is indicative of a positive responsiveness to cancer treatment. Other signatures reflecting responsiveness to cancer treatment are also disclosed. In addition, methods of treating cancer based on these signatures are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of detecting infection using biomarkers.

Abstract: This invention provides fusion proteins comprising consecutive amino acids which beginning at the amino terminus of the protein correspond to consecutive amino acids present in (i) a cytomegalovirus human MHC-restricted peptide, (ii) a first peptide linker, (iii) a human ?-2 microglobulin, (iv) a second peptide linker, (v) a HLA-A2 chain of a human MHC class I molecule, (vi) a third peptide linker, (vii) a variable region from a heavy chain of a scFv fragment of an antibody, and (viii) a variable region from a light chain of such scFv fragment, wherein the consecutive amino acids which correspond to (vii) and (viii) are bound together directly by a peptide bond or by consecutive amino acids which correspond to a fourth peptide linker, wherein the antibody from which the scFv fragment is derived specifically binds to mesothelin. This invention provides nucleic acid constructs encoding same, processes for producing same, compositions, and uses thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides fusion proteins comprising consecutive amino acids which beginning at the amino terminus of the protein correspond to consecutive amino acids present in (i) a cytomegalovirus human MHC-restricted peptide, (ii) a first peptide linker, (iii) a human ?-2 microglobulin, (iv) a second peptide linker, (v) a HLA-A2 chain of a human MHC class I molecule, (vi) a third peptide linker, (vii) a variable region from a heavy chain of a scFv fragment of an antibody, and (viii) a variable region from a light chain of such scFv fragment, wherein the consecutive amino acids which correspond to (vii) and (viii) are bound together directly by a peptide bond or by consecutive amino acids which correspond to a fourth peptide linker, wherein the antibody from which the scFv fragment is derived specifically binds to mesothelin. This invention provides nucleic acid constructs encoding same, processes for producing same, compositions, and uses thereof.

Abstract: A method of determining responsiveness to cancer treatment is disclosed. The method comprises analyzing a frequency of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) having a CD8+CD28?CD152? signature in a sample of the subject, wherein a frequency of TILs having the CD8+CD28?CD152? signature above a predetermined level is indicative of a positive responsiveness to cancer treatment. Other signatures reflecting responsiveness to cancer treatment are also disclosed. In addition, methods of treating cancer based on these signatures are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention provides fusion proteins comprising consecutive amino acids which beginning at the amino terminus of the protein correspond to consecutive amino acids present in (i) a cytomegalovirus human MHC-restricted peptide, (ii) a first peptide linker, (iii) a human ?-2 microglobulin, (iv) a second peptide linker, (v) a HLA-A2 chain of a human MHC class I molecule, (vi) a third peptide linker, (vii) a variable region from a heavy chain of a scFv fragment of an antibody, and (viii) a variable region from a light chain of such scFv fragment, wherein the consecutive amino acids which correspond to (vii) and (viii) are bound together directly by a peptide bond or by consecutive amino acids which correspond to a fourth peptide linker, wherein the antibody from which the scFv fragment is derived specifically binds to mesothelin. This invention provides nucleic acid constructs encoding same, processes for producing same, compositions, and uses thereof.