Abstract: The ability to efficiently and reliably transmit, route and receive data across telecommunication networks is essential for existing and evolving applications where connectivity to these networks is a ubiquitous aspect of society today. However, limitations in existing telecommunication networks impact this through performance, cost, and speed. To address this the inventor has established improvements with respect to routing (switching), processing, and monitoring. For routing low latency switch architectures for improving packet-based data switching are described. For processing digital optical logic devices and digital optical processing structures for enhanced functionality and processing within optical telecommunication networks are described. For monitoring improved optical connectors which provide embedded monitoring and analytical functionality for improved management of optical telecommunication networks are described.

Abstract: A smart battery device that combines a power source with after-market location tracking technology to enable a battery-powered device to be located by sound or triangulation using radio frequency signals. The user may ping the invention via a smart phone application or other similar technology. which causes the invention to make an audible sound to assist in locating the invention. The user may triangulate the location of the device from the radio frequency signal. The device may be used with single use or rechargeable batteries. Case dividers separate the circuitry board from the battery source to prevent damage to either component. The invention will fit into devices powered by universal batteries without disassembling the device, except for opening the battery compartment. The user also benefits from location tracking technology for the device without the burden of unnecessary bulk caused by device carrying cases or location tracking internet enabled devices.

Abstract: Provided herein are embodiments of systems and methods for disinfecting a passenger cabin using UVC light. One of the systems includes: a housing; one or more UVC light sources configured to emit light having wavelength between 200 to 280 nm, wherein the one or more UVC light sources are mounted on the housing; a sensor configured to determine whether the vehicle is empty of occupants; and a controller configured to control the one or more UVC lights based on the sensor determination of whether the vehicle is empty.

Abstract: A novel composition for a photocatalyst Fe doped ZnO nano-particle photocatalyst that enables the decontamination process by degrading toxic organic material such as brilliant cresyl blue, indigo carmine and gentian blue by using solar light is described. In the current disclosure method of making a specific size of the nano photocatalyst is described. Characterization of the photocatalyst, optimal working conditions and efficient use of solar light has been described to show that this photocatalyst is unique. The process described to use the photocatalyst to degrade toxic organic material using the solar light to activate the photocatalyst is cost efficient and cheap to clean our water resources.

Abstract: A training device for preventing a user from clinching their fist. The device may include a rigid body having a palm portion and a finger portion. The rigid body may cover the metacarpo-phalangeal joints of the hands, preventing the user from bending the knuckles.

Abstract: A novel composition for a photocatalyst Fe doped ZnO nano-particle photocatalyst that enables the decontamination process by degrading toxic organic material such as brilliant cresyl blue, indigo carmine and gentian blue by using solar light is described. In the current disclosure method of making a specific size of the nano photocatalyst is described. Characterization of the photocatalyst, optimal working conditions and efficient use of solar light has been described to show that this photocatalyst is unique. The process described to use the photocatalyst to degrade toxic organic material using the solar light to activate the photocatalyst is cost efficient and cheap to clean our water resources.

Abstract: Toxic organic materials contaminate water resources and one need to find an easy and energy efficient way to decontaminate water resources. The current invention discloses a photocatalyst Fe doped ZnO nano-particle photocatalyst that enables the decontamination process by degrading toxic organic material such as brilliant cresyl blue, indigo carmine and gentian blue by using solar light. In the current disclosure many examples of characterization of the photocatalyst, optimal working conditions and efficient use of solar light has been described. The process described to use the photocatalyst to degrade toxic organic material using the solar light to activate the photocatalyst is cost efficient and cheap to clean our water resources.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a gateway implements: detecting that a mobile device using a communication session in a mobile network is associated with a mobile videoconferencing application, where the videoconferencing application is capable of sending and receiving media streams; and providing from the mobile network to a videoconferencing system within a fixed network a first set of indicators associated with the communication session, and performing policy control, the policy control including: causing the videoconferencing system within the fixed network to be configured to accommodate communications with the mobile device, causing an adjustment to a session bearer within the mobile network to meet a quality of service requirement of a videoconferencing media stream connected to the mobile device, and causing a media bridge to provide a media stream to accommodate the end point.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a gateway implements: detecting that a mobile device using a communication session in a mobile network is associated with a mobile videoconferencing application, where the videoconferencing application is capable of sending and receiving media streams; and providing from the mobile network to a videoconferencing system within a fixed network a first set of indicators associated with the communication session, and performing policy control, the policy control including: causing the videoconferencing system within the fixed network to be configured to accommodate communications with the mobile device, causing an adjustment to a session bearer within the mobile network to meet a quality of service requirement of a videoconferencing media stream connected to the mobile device, and causing a media bridge to provide a media stream to accommodate the end point.

Abstract: The present invention provides a filler for use in composite materials wherein said filler comprises a vegetative-based material and wherein said vegetative-based material can be fresh or carbonised. In one particularly preferred embodiment the present invention utilises carbonised rice husk. In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the production of a carbonised vegetative-based filler wherein said process comprises burning a fresh vegetative-based material at about 800° C. for about 4 seconds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a filler for use in composite materials wherein said filler comprises a vegetative-based material and wherein said vegetative-based material can be fresh or carbonised. In one particularly preferred embodiment the present invention utilises carbonised rice husk. In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the production of a carbonised vegetative-based filler wherein said process comprises burning a fresh vegetative-based material at about 800° C. for about 4 seconds.

Abstract: The optical switch of the present invention advantageously comprises a three dimensional architecture capable of taking input optical signals launched in a first direction, deflecting the signals in a second direction and again in a third direction, preferably orthogonal to the first direction, with no moving parts. The signals are collected at an elevated level without passing through additional nodes. Preferably, incoming beams migrating in an x-direction along a bottom layer are steered in a z-direction to an elevated layer comprising sloped stepped mirror surfaces or a parabolic mirror surface. In an alternate embodiment, a wave guide based optical switch advantageously steers input optical signals from a bottom wave guide layer to an elevated wave guide layer via vertical coupling. The beams are then merged into a collection channel and directly coupled into output fibers without passing through additional transition or cross nodes.

Abstract: A packet based telecommunication system, such as ATM, comprises a main data path and at least one bypass path, for bypassing a portion of the data path, the portion and the respective bypass defining a protection domain, the system comprising nodes for each of the domains, for monitoring respective domains and for issueing alarms in the form of packets, to other nodes downstream, with a domain identifier indicating the respective domain in which the alarm originated. At a given one of the nodes an alarm issued from a node upstream of the given node and a corresponding identifier, are detected. At the given node it is determined whether to trigger a rerouting of the data along one of the bypass paths which bypasses the domain monitored by the given node, on the basis of the detected domain identifier. Using the identifier, downstream nodes can determine more easily whether the alarm is caused by a domain which has a bypass path triggered by another node upstream.

Abstract: A loopback mechanism uses frame relay OAM loopback frames which eliminate the need for location identifiers and reduces overhead and complexity. The frames replace source and destination loopback location identifiers by a loopback indicator field, a send node count field and a return node count field. The originating node of the loopback procedure sets the number of intermediate frame relay nodes to be traversed. The intermediate frame relay nodes simply increment or decrement the node count, depending on the direction of the loopback frame.

Abstract: The fabric abrasion testing device abrades a fabric sample in a predetermined manner such that the abrading process can be accurately and efficiently observed without halting the abrasion testing. The abrasion testing device includes at least one fabric sample holder for supporting the fabric sample. The abrasion testing device also includes an optically transmissive motion plate that, in a preferred embodiment, securely mounts an abrasion element having a removably engaged abrasive surface for abrading the fabric sample. The operator can therefore look through the motion plate to observe fabric wear during ongoing abrasion tests. The optically transmissive motion plate is operably connected to a motor for moving the motion plate and, in turn, the element mounted therethrough in a predetermined pattern relative to the fabric sample.

Abstract: A loopback mechanism uses frame relay OAM loopback frames which eliminate the need for location identifiers and reduces overhead and complexity. The frames replace source and destination loopback location identifiers by a loopback indicator field, a send node count field and a return node count field. The originating node of the loopback procedure sets the number of intermediate frame relay nodes to be traversed. The intermediate frame relay nodes simply increment or decrement the node count, depending on the direction of the loopback frame.