Abstract: A surface light source includes a plate type light source body having a sealed discharging space formed therein, a plate type electrode unit having a plurality of regions adjacent to at least one major surface of the light source body, and a multiple voltage applying unit operable to apply voltages independently to each of the plurality of regions. In this way, brightness of the surface light source can be controlled independently in each of the plurality of regions and a local dimming for a surface light source can be realized.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of depositing thin films, in which the thin films are continuously deposited into one chamber and 1-6 wafers are loaded into the chamber. In the method, a process gap between a shower head or a gas injection unit and a substrate is capable of being controlled. The method comprises (a) loading at least one substrate into the chamber, (b) depositing the Ti thin film onto the substrate, adjusted so that a first process gap is maintained, (c) moving a wafer block so that the first process gap is changed into a second process gap in order to control the process gap of the substrate upon which the Ti thin film is deposited, (d) depositing the TiN thin film onto the substrate, moved to set the second process gap, and (e) unloading the substrate upon which the Ti/TiN thin films are deposited.

Abstract: A MIM capacitor includes a lower electrode disposed on a semiconductor substrate. A dielectric layer is disposed on the lower electrode to completely cover an exposed surface of-the lower electrode. An upper electrode is disposed on the dielectric layer. A method for forming a MIM capacitor includes forming a lower electrode on a semiconductor substrate. A dielectric layer and an upper metal layer are formed on an entire surface of the substrate to cover the lower electrode. The dielectric and upper metal layers are patterned on the lower electrode.

Abstract: An acceleration sensitive switching arrangement (208) includes an acceleration sensitive variable capacitor (200), a detection circuit (202) for detecting a capacitance value of the variable capacitor (200), and a switching circuit (204) responsive to a comparison between the detected capacitance and a threshold value.

Abstract: A digital broadcast receiver and broadcast data display method enabling simultaneous display of multi-channel visual images are disclosed. The broadcast data display method includes receiving digital broadcast data on a plurality of channels; simultaneously outputting on a single screen real-time broadcast data of a selected channel and still images of the remaining channels; and periodically updating the still images of the remaining channels. Thereby, up-to-date multi-channel visual images are simultaneously output. Hence, the user can easily perform channel selection and channel switching.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3-D) shape measurement method using a Moire measurement principle and a Stereo vision measurement principle is provided.

Abstract: A portable terminal having a mass storage secondary memory and a method for the portable terminal, wherein high-speed data transfer between the mass storage secondary memory and an external apparatus is supported in a multitasking manner are provided. Between the portable terminal having the mass storage secondary memory and the external apparatus, the method of setting a data transfer path comprises setting a first data path so as to permit the mass storage secondary memory to operate according to internal control of the portable terminal, determining whether the portable terminal is connected with the external apparatus through a USB switcher, and if the portable terminal is connected with the external apparatus, determining whether a set command is input to set the mass storage secondary memory as a portable disk of the external apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention is related to new 2-oxo-cyclic compound the process for preparing them and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same. The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the inflammatory disease comprising the pain or inflammation caused by rheumatic disease, for example, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthopathies, gout, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile arthritis, and inflammatory syndrome for example, from myositis, gingivitis, synovitis, ankylosing spondylitis, burstitis, burns and scar, inflammatory Crohn's disease, Types I diabetes. therefore, it can be used as the therapeutics for treating and preventing inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition that includes a silicon compound, a novolak resin, a catalyst, and an organic solvent, which can be used as a part of hard mask film over an underlying layer during the manufacture of a semiconductor device. The hard mask film is useful in the formation of a uniform pattern on the device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for automatic translation of patent documents are provided. Translation knowledge customized for the patent domain is extracted and used. The method includes the steps of: extracting a number of technical terms from a patent document and assigning translated terms for the extracted technical terms; extracting expressions frequently used in patent documents, not in a document in a general domain, and constructing translated expressions; using the translation knowledge constructed in this way, applying a sentence pattern to extraordinarily long sentences in a patent document, dividing the sentence by recognition of parallel structure and syntax clues; and extracting translation units available for parsing and performing structure analysis.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a reference voltage in a semiconductor memory apparatus according includes: a first voltage generating unit that generates a voltage proportional to temperature; a second voltage generating unit that generates a voltage inversely proportional to temperature; and a reference voltage generating unit that adjusts the amount of current in the first voltage generating unit or the second voltage generating unit on the basis of a control signal, and outputs a constant reference voltage regardless of a variation in temperature. The apparatus can generate a constant reference voltage regardless of a variation in temperature and mismatch between elements. Thus, it is possible to improve the performance and reliability of a system using the apparatus to a maximum.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device includes a buffer oxide film on a substrate; a polysilicon layer on the buffer oxide film; a silicon oxy-nitride (SiON) layer on the polysilicon layer, a first insulator layer on the SiON layer, a nitride film on the first insulator, a second insulator layer on the nitride film, an electrode on the second insulator, and a source/drain in the polysilicon layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a silicon derivative, a liquid crystal composition comprising the same, and a compensation film for a liquid crystal display device using the same liquid crystal composition. More particularly, the silicon derivative is a liquid crystal material of a high-quality view angle compensation film, which improves a contrast ratio measured at a tilt angle when compared to a contrast ratio measured from the front surface and minimizes color variations in a black state depending on view angles.

Abstract: Disclosed are a vinylsulfone derivative, a liquid crystal composition comprising the same, and a compensation film for a liquid crystal display device using the same liquid crystal composition. More particularly, the vinylsulfone derivative is a liquid crystal material of a high-quality view angle compensation film, which improves a contrast ratio measured at a tilt angle when compared to a contrast ratio measured from the front surface and minimizes color variations in a black state depending on view angles.

Abstract: Disclosed are a capacitor of a semiconductor device and a method of fabricating the same. The capacitor includes a capacitor top electrode, a capacitor bottom electrode aligned with a bottom surface and three lateral sides of the capacitor top electrode, and a capacitor insulating layer between the capacitor top electrode and the capacitor bottom electrode.

Abstract: A single crystalline a-plane nitride semiconductor wafer includes one to three orientation flats in a crystalline direction, wherein a-plane ({11-20} plane) is formed as a main plane. Since plane orientation can easily be recognized, accuracy can be improved when a semiconductor device is formed on the nitride semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: A surface light source device includes a lamp body, a space dividing member, a discharge gas supplying member and a voltage applying part. The lamp body includes a flat shaped space and a fluorescent layer disposed in the flat shaped space to convert an invisible light into a visible light. The space dividing member divides the flat shaped space into a plurality of discharge spaces. The discharge gas supplying member is disposed to pass through the space dividing member and is fixed to the space dividing member, and supplies the discharge spaces with a discharge gas that generates the invisible light. The voltage applying part applies a discharge voltage to the discharge gas. Therefore, the lifetime of the surface light source device generating a planar light is increased, and the luminance of the light becomes uniform so that the display quality of an image is improved.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing a compound of formula 1 or its salt, which includes reacting a compound of formula 2 with a compound of formula 3 in the presence of a base.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing an electrochemical device, comprising the steps of: charging an electrochemical device using an electrode active material having a gas generation plateau potential in a charging period to an extent exceeding the plateau potential; and degassing the electrochemical device. An electrochemical device, which comprises an electrode active material having a gas generation plateau potential in a charging period, and is charged to an extent exceeding the plateau potential and then degassed, is also disclosed. Some electrode active materials provide high capacity but cannot be applied to a high-capacity battery due to the gas generation. This is because a battery using such electrode active materials should be charged to an extent exceeding the gas generation plateau potential in order to realize a high capacity. To solve the problems caused by the gas generation, the battery is charged to an extent exceeding the plateau potential, and then degassed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pretreatment method for activating an electrode active material having a certain range of potential plateau beyond a redox potential range of a transition metal forming the electrode active material, which comprises charging the electrode active material to an extent exceeding the potential plateau at least once, so as to increase capacity of the electrode active material. Also, disclosed is an electrochemical device comprising the electrode active material activated by the pretreatment method and designed to be subjected to charge/discharge cycles at a voltage lower than the potential plateau. When the electrode active material pretreated by charging it to an extent exceeding the potential plateau is subjected to charge/discharge cycles at a lower voltage, it is possible to significantly increase the capacity of the electrode active material as compared to the capacity of the non-pretreated electrode active material charged/discharged at the same voltage.