Abstract: Provided are a non-volatile memory device and a method of operating the same. The non-volatile memory device includes a substrate, a plurality of word lines extending in a first direction on the substrate, a plurality of ferroelectric patterns respectively provided on the word lines, a blocking insulating film covering the ferroelectric patterns, a plurality of bit line pairs including a first bit line and a second bit line extending in a second direction crossing the word lines and the ferroelectric patterns on the blocking insulating film and intersecting the first direction, and a channel pattern provided between the first bit line and the second bit line of each of the bit line pairs on the blocking insulating film, wherein the channel pattern has an ambipolar conduction characteristic.

Abstract: A light detection device having improved self-alignment precision using a hard mask, and a method for manufacturing the same is provided. A method of manufacturing a light detection device includes i) providing a substrate; ii) providing a light reflecting portion on the substrate; iii) providing a light detection portion on the light reflection portion; iv) providing an anti-reflection portion provided on the light reflection portion to cover the light detection portion; v) removing each of the first outer periphery of the light reflection portion and the second outer periphery of the anti-reflection portion, and vi) providing a hard mask formed to correspond to the removed first outer periphery, positioned on the substrate, and spaced apart from the light reflecting portion to surround the light reflecting portion.

Abstract: An input sensing unit that utilizes conductive layers to sense various types of input. The input sensing unit may include a first conductive layer including first sensing electrodes; a second conductive layer disposed on the first conductive layer, the second conductive layer including second sensing electrodes and third sensing electrodes; and at least one insulating layer insulating the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer from each other. The input sensing unit senses at least one of a touch, a pressure, and a degree of moisture based on a change in capacitance between the conductive layers.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a sensor configured to sense a touch event in association with the electronic device or a deformation in a physical shape of the electronic device. The sensor includes a first sensor electrode, a second sensor electrode, and a third sensor electrode. The first sensor electrode extends in a first direction. The second sensor electrode extends in a second direction different from the first direction. The second sensor electrode overlaps with the first sensor electrode in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The third sensor electrode extends in a fourth direction different from the second direction. The third sensor electrode overlaps with the second sensor electrode in the third direction. The first sensor electrode, the second sensor electrode, and the third sensor electrode are insulated from one another and are disposed on different layers than one another.

Abstract: A touch sensor including a substrate; a plurality of first touch electrodes located on the substrate, the plurality of first touch electrodes each including first sensing cells and first connection patterns connected between the first sensing cells; a plurality of second electrodes located on the substrate while intersecting the first touch electrodes, the plurality of second electrodes each including second sensing cells and second connection patterns connected between the second sensing cells; and an insulating member located between the first connection patterns and the second connection patterns, the insulating member having elasticity. A modulus of elasticity of the substrate is equal to or greater than that of the insulating member.

Abstract: An input sensing unit that utilizes conductive layers to sense various types of input. The input sensing unit may include a first conductive layer including first sensing electrodes; a second conductive layer disposed on the first conductive layer, the second conductive layer including second sensing electrodes and third sensing electrodes; and at least one insulating layer insulating the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer from each other. The input sensing unit senses at least one of a touch, a pressure, and a degree of moisture based on a change in capacitance between the conductive layers.

Abstract: A touch sensor including a substrate; a plurality of first touch electrodes located on the substrate, the plurality of first touch electrodes each including first sensing cells and first connection patterns connected between the first sensing cells; a plurality of second electrodes located on the substrate while intersecting the first touch electrodes, the plurality of second electrodes each including second sensing cells and second connection patterns connected between the second sensing cells; and an insulating member located between the first connection patterns and the second connection patterns, the insulating member having elasticity. A modulus of elasticity of the substrate is equal to or greater than that of the insulating member.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a sensor configured to sense a touch event in association with the electronic device or a deformation in a physical shape of the electronic device. The sensor includes a first sensor electrode, a second sensor electrode, and a third sensor electrode. The first sensor electrode extends in a first direction. The second sensor electrode extends in a second direction different from the first direction. The second sensor electrode overlaps with the first sensor electrode in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The third sensor electrode extends in a fourth direction different from the second direction. The third sensor electrode overlaps with the second sensor electrode in the third direction. The first sensor electrode, the second sensor electrode, and the third sensor electrode are insulated from one another and are disposed on different layers than one another.

Abstract: A graphene sheet including a lower sheet including 1 to 20 layers of graphene, and a ridge formed on the lower sheet and including more layers of the graphene compared with the lower sheet, the ridge having a shape of a grain boundary of a metal, a transparent electrode and an active layer including the same, and a display, an electronic device, an optoelectronic device, a battery, a solar cell, and a dye-sensitized solar cell including the transparent electrode and/or the active layer are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing graphene, a transparent electrode and an active layer including the graphene, and a display, an electronic device, an optoelectronic device, a solar cell, and a dye-sensitized solar cell including the transparent electrode and the active layer. The method of manufacturing graphene includes: (a) preparing a subject substrate; (b) forming a metal thin film on the subject substrate and heat-treating the metal thin film to increase the grain size of the metal thin film; (c) supplying a carbon source material on the metal thin film; (d) heating the supplied carbon source material, the subject substrate, and the metal thin film; (e) diffusing carbon atoms generated from the heated carbon source material due to thermal decomposition into the metal thin film; and (f) forming graphene on the subject substrate by the carbon atoms diffused through the metal thin film.