Abstract: A digital twin system includes multiple twin model modules and multiple digital factory modules. Respective ones of the multiple digital twin system models comprises control logic and are configured to virtualize respective control systems for respective ones of multiple factories. Respective ones of the multiple digital factory modules are configured to virtualize respective ones of the multiple factories and are controlled by respective ones of the multiple twin model modules to create a virtual factory model. The digital twin system further includes a simulator module configured to manage the multiple twin model modules.

Abstract: A method includes: forming a MOSFET layer on a semiconductor wafer substrate, the MOSFET layer including: pixel driver circuits; and a display driver circuit; forming at least one line layer on the MOSFET layer; applying a first supply voltage to a first supply voltage line through a first supply voltage pad; connecting data fan-out lines connected to the pixel driver circuits with a first test line by controlling a test switching circuit in the MOSFET layer; measuring an electrical signal generated from each of the pixel driver circuits through a first test pad connected to the first test line; determining whether each of the pixel driver circuits is defective or not based on the measured electrical signal; and forming a light-emitting element layer including light-emitting elements on the at least one line layer when that the pixel driver circuits are determined to be not defective.

Abstract: A gravity compensator applied to a wearable muscular strength assisting apparatus includes a first link configured to extend parallel to a first body portion of a wearer, a second link configured to extend parallel to a second body portion and which is rotatably coupled to an end of the first link, an elastic body, which is fixed at an end thereof to the first link so as to exert an elastic force, which varies according to a length between the two ends thereof, and a connection unit, which is connected an end thereof to the other end of the elastic body and extends in a longitudinal direction of the first link and which is connected at an end thereof to the second link so as to vary a length of the elastic body by relative rotation between the first link and the second link.

Abstract: An event processing method performed by a computing device is provided. The method may comprise receiving a plurality of events and generating a first event sequence in which the received events are sequentially arranged, determining first priorities for the events included in the first event sequence, using data output from a previously trained priority decision model, verifying the first priorities by comparing the first priorities with second priorities for the events included in the first event sequence, determining a feedback score for the first priorities based on results of the verification; and reinforcing the training of the priority decision model using the feedback score.

Abstract: The method for automatically generating a playbook performed by a computing apparatus according to the present disclosure comprises periodically collecting asset information and CTI (Cyber Threat Intelligence) information of a target network, extracting TTP (Tactics, Techniques, Procedure) information using the collected asset information and the collected CTI information, retrieving a data source of the extracted TTP information, generating a temporary playbook including a data component matching a detection method of the extracted TTP information among a plurality of data components of the retrieved data source, verifying validity of the temporary playbook based on data component order information of the temporary playbook and determining whether rearrangement of data components included in the temporary playbook is needed, and rearranging data components included in the temporary playbook, and storing it as a final playbook.

Abstract: An upper arm module of a wearable muscular strength assisting apparatus is provided. The upper arm module includes a base part configured to be connected to a wearer's body, and an upper arm part having a first end thereof coupled to the base part to be rotatable about a fixed point. The upper arm part is coupled to the wearer's upper arm to apply a torque thereto. The upper arm module further includes an elastic body having a first end thereof fixedly coupled to the upper arm part and generating an elastic force by deformation. In particular, the upper arm module also includes a first link having a first end thereof rotatably coupled to the base part at a point of application, and a second link rotatably coupled to the second end of the first link at a first point.

Abstract: The disclosed technology relates to a battery pack. In an example, the battery pack includes: a pair of base plates, a center frame between the pair of base plates and connected to each of the base plates at both sides in a longitudinal direction, a pair of side frames each connected to an outer side surface of each of the base plates in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of battery modules on the pair of base plates in a pack space between the center frame and the side frame, wherein each of the plurality of battery modules includes a pair of module frames and accommodates a plurality of battery cells, and wherein the plurality of battery modules are accommodated in the pack space such that the module frames are disposed in a direction crossing the center frame and the side frame.

Abstract: Disclosed is a surfactant composition in which at least one of surface tension and interfacial tension is superior, the composition including a fluorinated surfactant and a phospholipid-based surfactant, and optionally further including a sulfosuccinate-based surfactant.

Abstract: Provided is a battery module assembly in which unit modules are stacked. Each of the unit modules includes: a plurality of battery cells; and a plurality of cartridge assemblies for respectively fixing the plurality of battery cells. The battery module assembly includes: a sensing assembly mounted to upper ends of the plurality of cartridge assemblies and assembled thereto; a front cover for covering front surfaces of the cartridge assemblies; and a connector coupled and fixed to the front cover. The connector includes: a connector body; and a first protrusion region that protrudes from the connector body. An upper sensing assembly connection hole is formed in an upper region of each of the cartridge assemblies.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery module including a battery assembly, in which multiple batteries are stacked, and a bus bar housing assembly that surrounds an upper side of the battery assembly. The bus bar housing assembly may include a temperature sensing part including a temperature sensor that has a first fixing hole and measures temperature, and a voltage sensing part including a pressure sensor that has a second fixing hole and measures pressure. The battery module also included a bus bar coupled to the temperature sensing part and the voltage sensing part, and a bus bar housing, coupled to the bus bar, surrounding an upper surface of the battery assembly, and extending downwards from opposite ends in leftward and rightward directions to surround a side surface of the battery assembly.

Abstract: A battery module assembly with a plurality of unit modules stacked therein is provided. Each of the plurality of unit modules includes a cartridge including a cooling plate having a plate shape and two pouch type battery cells mounted on each of both side surfaces of the cooling plate with the cartridge therebetween. A partition having a tetragonal frame shape and including an internal empty space is disposed between adjacent unit modules among the plurality of unit modules.

Abstract: A lower case of a battery module and a method for manufacturing the lower case that can reduce costs by manufacturing a cooling block using a press method, and can further strengthen safety problem due to a leakage of cooling water. There is provided a lower case of a battery module including a lower case in which a battery is mounted, a lower panel assembled to the lower case, a cooling block attached to the lower panel and configured to form a cooling passage between the lower panel and the cooling block, and nipples mounted in the lower case to introduce and withdraw cooling water into and from the cooling passage, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: A battery module assembly with a plurality of unit modules stacked therein is provided. Each of the plurality of unit modules includes a cartridge including a cooling pin having a plate shape and two pouch type battery cells mounted on each of both side surfaces of the cooling pin with the cartridge therebetween. A partition having a tetragonal frame shape and including an internal empty space is disposed between adjacent unit modules among the plurality of unit modules.

Abstract: Provided is a wideband electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorber including a magnetic composite having a structure in which magnetic particles are dispersed in a polymer resin, and a plurality of conductive lines arranged in the magnetic composite, and a method of manufacturing the same. The wideband EMW absorber can be used for a device configured to emit EMWs and effectively absorb wideband EMWs.

Abstract: An electroplating solution includes an aqueous electrolyte solution including water soluble copper salts, sulfide ions and chloride ions, an accelerator including an organic material having sulfur (S), the accelerator accelerating copper (Cu) reduction, a suppressor including a polyether compound, the suppressor selectively suppressing the copper reduction, and a leveler including a water soluble polymer having nitrogen that is dissolved into positive ions in the aqueous electrolyte solution.

Abstract: A copper electroplating method including dipping a substrate in a copper electroplating solution, the substrate including a seed layer; and forming a copper electroplating layer on the seed layer, wherein the copper electroplating solution includes water, a copper supply source, an electrolytic material, and a first additive, the first additive includes a compound represented by Formula 1, below:

Abstract: An electroplating solution includes an aqueous electrolyte solution including water soluble copper salts, sulfide ions and chloride ions, an accelerator including an organic material having sulfur (S), the accelerator accelerating copper (Cu) reduction, a suppressor including a polyether compound, the suppressor selectively suppressing the copper reduction, and a leveler including a water soluble polymer having nitrogen that is dissolved into positive ions in the aqueous electrolyte solution.

Abstract: Provided is a wideband electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorber including a magnetic composite having a structure in which magnetic particles are dispersed in a polymer resin, and a plurality of conductive lines arranged in the magnetic composite, and a method of manufacturing the same. The wideband EMW absorber can be used for a device configured to emit EMWs and effectively absorb wideband EMWs.

Abstract: A copper electroplating method including dipping a substrate in a copper electroplating solution, the substrate including a seed layer; and forming a copper electroplating layer on the seed layer, wherein the copper electroplating solution includes water, a copper supply source, an electrolytic material, and a first additive, the first additive includes a compound represented by Formula 1, below:

Abstract: A composition for plating copper includes an electrolyte solution, an accelerator, a suppressor and a leveler. The electrolyte solution includes a soluble copper salt, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. The accelerator includes about 20 to about 60 ppm of a disulfide compound. The suppressor includes about 40 to about 100 ppm of a polyethyleneoxide (PEO)-polypropyleneoxide (PPO)-polyethyleneoxide (PEO) triblock copolymer. The PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 300 to about 10,000. The leveler includes about 0.01 to about 100 ppm of arylated polyethyleneimine.