Abstract: Provided are a preprocessing apparatus and a method thereof for group-based decoding. The preprocessing apparatus includes a log likelihood ratio (LLR) calculator for calculating LLRs of received signals, a signal sorter for sorting the received signals based on the calculated LLRs; and a grouping unit for grouping the sorted signals.

Abstract: Provided is a decoding apparatus and method based on a variable error correction value. The decoding method includes setting an initial normalized factor and a normalized factor correction value, initially updating a check node based on the initial normalized factor, and updating the check node based on a variable error correction value acquired by adding the initial normalized factor and the normalized factor correction value.

Abstract: A method for coregistration of multi-modal images obtained in different geometries includes acquiring multi-modal image data, wherein the multi-model image data includes image data of a first modality and image data of a second modality, wherein the image data of the respective modalities have different geometries, defining a volume of interest in the multi-modal image data, segmenting the image data of the first modality and incorporating segmentation data of the first modality into a reconstruction of the second modality, and applying a registration of the second modality image data to the first modality image data according to a similarity measure through the volume of interest, wherein an output of the registration comprises superimposed multi-modal image data.