Abstract: The present invention provides a method for obtaining a monosaccharide from a lignocellulosic material in a form suitable for use as a carbon source in a reaction. In some embodiments, the monosaccharide is in a form suitable for use in a fermentation reaction, e.g., to produce an alcohol such as ethanol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transdermal drug delivery system which comprises: a therapeutically effective amount of an antiParkinson agent; at least one dermal penetration enhancer, which is a safe skin-tolerant ester sunscreen ester; and at least one volatile liquid. The invention also provides a method for administering at least one systemic acting antiParkinson agent to an animal which comprises applying an effective amount of the antiParkinson agent in the form of the drug delivery system of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transdermal drug delivery system which comprises: a therapeutically effective amount of an antiParkinson agent; at least one dermal penetration enhancer, which is a safe skin-tolerant ester sunscreen ester; and at least one volatile liquid. The invention also provides a method for administering at least one systemic acting antiParkinson agent to an animal which comprises applying an effective amount of the antiParkinson agent in the form of the drug delivery system of the present invention.

Abstract: A temperature compensated variable attenuator comprising a variable attenuator having at least one diode with temperature variations across the at least one diode producing a temperature offset signal. A bias source coupled to the variable attenuator supplies a biasing signal to the at least one diode through a temperature compensation source. The temperature compensation source is coupled between the bias source and the variable attenuator with the temperature compensation source comprising at least one diode capable of producing a temperature offset signal approximately equivalent to the temperature offset signal produced by the first at least one diode. The approximate temperature offset signal subtracted from the biasing signal produces a temperature compensated bias signal that is supplied to the variable attenuator.

Abstract: A chip carrier which is employed in the industry for mounting integrated circuits and various types of electronic components on chips and is adapted to be positioned within a processing tray or carrier frame for shipping and processing purposes, and wherein the chip carrier is adapted to be precisely positioned and adhesively maintained in a fixed relationships in the carrier frame. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing chip carrier arrays or strips which are adapted to be positioned in predetermined adhesively fixed relationships within a carrier frame or tray for processing and shipping purposes.