Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for directing a coking-prone liquid to a high temperature environment, where the device includes an inner tube positioned concentrically within an outer tube, creating a first annular space between an outer wall of the inner tube and an inner wall of the outer tube and a first intermediate tube positioned concentrically around the outer tube, creating a second annular space.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device that includes a filter element and a catalyst, where the filter element is configured to remove particulate from a stream that includes at least one of a gas and/or a vapor to form a filtered stream of the gas and/or the vapor, the catalyst is configured to receive the filtered stream and react a compound in the filtered stream to form an upgraded stream of the gas and/or the vapor, further including an upgraded compound, and both the filter element and the catalyst are configured to be substantially stable at temperatures up to about 500° C.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method that includes pyrolyzing a biomass to produce a pyrolysis oil and upgrading the pyrolysis oil to yield a first upgraded pyrolysis oil, where the pyrolysis oil is in at least one of a liquid phase and/or a vapor phase, the pyrolyzing is performed in a pyrolysis reactor at a first temperature between 400° C. and 600° C., the biomass has a residence time of less than five seconds in the pyrolysis reactor, the upgrading is performed in a fluidized bed reactor, and the upgrading is catalyzed using a zeolite.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device that includes a filter element and a catalyst, where the filter element is configured to remove particulate from a stream that includes at least one of a gas and/or a vapor to form a filtered stream of the gas and/or the vapor, the catalyst is configured to receive the filtered stream and react a compound in the filtered stream to form an upgraded stream of the gas and/or the vapor, further including an upgraded compound, and both the filter element and the catalyst are configured to be substantially stable at temperatures up to about 500° C.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method that includes pyrolyzing a biomass to produce a pyrolysis oil and upgrading the pyrolysis oil to yield a first upgraded pyrolysis oil, where the pyrolysis oil is in at least one of a liquid phase and/or a vapor phase, the pyrolyzing is performed in a pyrolysis reactor at a first temperature between 400° C. and 600° C., the biomass has a residence time of less than five seconds in the pyrolysis reactor, the upgrading is performed in a fluidized bed reactor, and the upgrading is catalyzed using a zeolite.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a liquid composition that includes an alkane concentration between 40 wt % and 55 wt %, and an alkene concentration between greater than 0 wt % and 20 wt %, where cyclopentenone accounts for greater than 65 wt % of the alkane concentration. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the liquid composition may further include phenol. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least a portion of the liquid composition may be bioderived.