Abstract: A compression ignition internal combustion engine having a swirl chamber and a primary combustion chamber both of which are fluid-connected by a primary communicating passage has a recess portion at the fuel impinged portion of the swirl chamber for producing a plurality of small swirls. A pair of second communicating passages connecting the swirl chamber and the primary combustion chamber are so designed as to be directed to the center of the swirl chamber whereby the separation of fuel and air is prevented and the harmful components within the exhaust gas are effectively reduced without deteriorating the combustibility of the mixture.

Abstract: A recirculating and recombustion type of exhaust gas purification system for a compression ignition engine includes an expansion manifold communicating with auxiliary combustion chambers of each cylinder through separate passages. Cam operated valves are located in each of the separate passages. The exhaust gas in an auxiliary combustion chamber is expanded into the manifold through one of the cam operated valves and is then drawn into the auxiliary combustion chamber of another cylinder whose piston is near the bottom of its intake or suction stroke via another open cam operated valve. The cam operated valves are actuated by hydraulic tappets which are controlled by a solenoid control valve. The solenoid control valve is energized under conditions of high load operation of the engine and, as a result, a hydraulic path is established which allows oil supplied to the tappets to return to the sump. Under this condition, the cam operated valves do not open.

Abstract: A recirculating and recombustion type of exhaust gas purification system for a compression ignition engine includes an expansion manifold communicating with auxiliary combustion chambers of each cylinder through separate passages. Cam operated valves are located in each of the separate passages. The exhaust gas in an auxiliary combustion chamber is expanded into the manifold through one of the cam operated valves and is then drawn into the auxiliary combustion chamber of another cylinder whose piston is near the bottom of its intake or suction stroke via another open cam operated valve. The thus recirculated or transferred exhaust gas is cooled by its expansion into the manifold, water jacketing within the cylinder head and air surrounding the exposed periphery. Further, in high load operation of the engine, a single butterfly valve disposed midway of the expansion manifold can control the amount of the exhaust gas circulation to improve the engine operation.

Abstract: A recirculating and recombustion type of exhaust gas purification system for a compression ignition engine includes an expansion manifold 11 communicating with the auxiliary combustion chambers 7 of each cylinder via circulating passages 12 controlled by cam operated valves 13. The relatively rich exhaust gas remaining near the fuel injector 8 in an auxiliary chamber 7 at the end of a power stroke is expanded into the manifold 11 via an open control valve 13, and is then drawn into the auxiliary chamber of another cylinder whose piston is near the bottom of its intake or suction stroke via another open control valve. The thus recirculated or transferred exhaust gas is cooled by its expansion into the manifold, as well as by water jacketing within the cylinder head and air surrounding the exposed periphery of the manifold.