Abstract: In a vertically aligned liquid crystal display device for controlling liquid crystal molecules alignment in voltage application by providing linear structures or linear slits consisting of a plurality of constituent units to at least one of a pair of substrates having an electrode thereon, there is provided alignment controlling means for forming an alignment singular point s=−1 of liquid crystal molecules at an intersecting point between the structures on the pixel electrode or the slits in the electrode and an edge of a pixel electrode on one of the substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal is arranged between a pair of substrates. One substrate has a plurality of stripe electrodes extending parallel to each other, and the other substrate has a transparent electrode covering substantially the whole surface of the other substrate. An oblique electric field is formed between the stripe electrodes and the transparent electrode, so that the liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the oblique electric field. In addition, a dielectric layer is arranged between the transparent electrode and the alignment layer.

Abstract: In a vertically aligned liquid crystal display device for controlling liquid crystal molecules alignment in voltage application by providing linear structures or linear slits consisting of a plurality of constituent units to at least one of a pair of substrates having an electrode thereon, there is provided alignment controlling means for forming an alignment singular point s=−1 of liquid crystal molecules at an intersecting point between the structures on the pixel electrode or the slits in the electrode and an edge of a pixel electrode on one of the substrates.

Abstract: In an armature coil for electric generators and motors including a plurality of identical coil blocks (11) each formed by a plurality of turns of an elongated conductor so as to correspond to different phases, each of the coil blocks includes two groups of axial sections (2, 6) which are diametrically opposed to each other and curved sections (1, 3, 5, 7) joining the two groups to each other at each axial end, the axial sections of one of the groups being disposed in an inner cylindrical layer while the axial sections of the other of the groups are disposed in an outer cylindrical layer which is coaxial with the inner cylindrical layer; and the coil blocks are combined with each other by circumferentially shifting one coil block from another in such a manner that the axial sections are arranged circumferentially along the inner and outer cylindrical layers one next to another.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device, in which a liquid crystal layer is supported by a liquid crystal substrate, in which an orientation-controlling layer is formed on a surface of the liquid crystal substrate to regulate an orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer in the predetermined direction, and the orientation-controlling layer is formed by an incorporated additive added to the liquid crystal.

Abstract: In a vertically aligned liquid crystal display device for controlling liquid crystal molecules alignment in voltage application by providing linear structures or linear slits consisting of a plurality of constituent units to at least one of a pair of substrates having an electrode thereon, there is provided alignment controlling means for forming an alignment singular point s=−1 of liquid crystal molecules at an intersecting point between the structures on the pixel electrode or the slits in the electrode and an edge of a pixel electrode on one of the substrates.

Abstract: A motorcycle having an improved fuel tank arrangement with an opening in an upper side wall of the fuel tank that is closed by a combined fuel pump, closure plate and return port arrangement. The fuel is supplied to a fuel injection system through an arrangement including a filter and pressure regulator with the filter pressure regulator and opening all being positioned on the same side of the motorcycle and at relatively the same vertical height. The assembly may be removed from the opening without draining fuel due to its high placement in the opening.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a substrate for a liquid crystal display having optical transmittance improved without reducing the speed of a response to a tone change and a liquid crystal display utilizing the same. There is provided a drain bus line formed on an array substrate which sandwiches a liquid crystal in combination with an opposite substrate provided in a face-to-face relationship therewith, a TFT connected to the drain bus line, and a pixel electrode which has stripe-shaped electrodes, along with spaces, connected to the TFT and provided in parallel with the drain bus line, stripe-shaped electrodes in the vicinity of the drain bus line having an electrode width formed narrower than the width of internal electrodes located inside the same.

Abstract: Fine electrode patterns pattern-formed in the shape of fine teeth of a comb bilaterally symmetrical with respect to band-shaped portions are formed at even intervals in a pixel electrode, and band-shaped dielectric layers are pattern-formed at even intervals to cover the fine electrode patterns in a display pixel. By the existence of the dielectric layer and the fine electrode pattern complementing this, a portion formed with these layer and fine electrode pattern is a high threshold voltage region, and relatively, a low threshold voltage region where the dielectric layer does not exist is formed. By the aforementioned construction, it becomes possible to improve a delay in response speed at low gray levels and increase the speed of halftone response, whereby a very reliable image display having moving image performance almost equal to that of a CRT is realized.

Abstract: The invention has an object to provide a liquid crystal display in which a wide angle of view is obtained and a response time at a halftone can be shortened by regulating an alignment orientation of a liquid crystal by the use of a polymer fixation system in which a liquid crystal layer containing a polymerizable component is sealed between substrates, and the polymerizable component is polymerized while a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer to fix a liquid crystal alignment. A liquid crystal layer containing a polymer for regulating a pretilt angle of a liquid crystal molecule and a tilt direction at a time of driving is sealed between two substrates arranged opposite to each other.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a vertical direction to the first substrate and the second substrate by the first molecule orientation film and the second molecule orientation film, respectively, in a non-driving state. And, a structural pattern is formed so as to extend in a first direction parallel to a surface of the liquid crystal layer and so as to form, in a driving state, an electric field periodically changing in a second direction that is parallel to the liquid crystal layer and vertical to the first direction. Then, the liquid crystal molecules substantially tilt in the first direction in the driving state.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, wherein light having an exposure energy is irradiated on the surface of a photo-sensitive resin layer having a predetermined film thickness, and a distribution of thermal deformation characteristics in the thickness direction (or the plane direction) of the photo-sensitive resin layer is formed, then heat treatment is performed to form random undulation (micro-grooves or micro-wrinkles) on the surface of the photo-sensitive resin layer.

Abstract: A MVA type liquid crystal panel is slow in a response speed when a black state at a drive voltage about 1V is switched to a low brightness halftone state at the drive voltage about 2 to 3V. According to the present invention, in a liquid crystal display device for driving the MVA type liquid crystal panel, when a liquid crystal pixel at a pixel electrode is changed from a first transmittance to a second transmittance greater than the first transmittance, a drive voltage greater than a first target drive voltage in correspondence with a second transmittance is applied to the pixel electrode in a first frame period of changing to the second transmittance, and the first target display voltage is applied from a second frame period.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display in multiple alignment or MVA mode in which liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy are aligned differently, and it is an object of the invention to provide a liquid crystal display having improved response characteristics while suppressing any reduction in transmittance.

Abstract: A polymer dispersed liquid crystal material comprising a polymer matrix, a liquid crystal and a diffusing agent.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell filled with a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer 15 comprising liquid crystal droplets 15.sub.1 dispersed in a polymer 15.sub.2 between a first glass base plate 11 with a first transparent electrode 12 and a second glass base plate 13 with a second transparent electrode 14, is placed between crossed Nicols formed by a first polarizer 16 and a second polarizer 17, with a backlight 18 situated on the outer side thereof, the diameter of the liquid crystal droplets 15.sub.1 is between 3 .mu.m and 100 .mu.m, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 15.sub.1 are twisted to between 30.degree. and 180.degree.. The liquid crystals used have a dielectric anisotropy .DELTA..epsilon. which is negative when the frequency of the electric field is high and positive when the frequency is low, and by adjusting the dielectric anisotropy .DELTA..epsilon. via the frequency of the electric field it is possible to form liquid crystal droplets of a desired diameter.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel including a guest-host type liquid crystal layer and a reflecting plate. A polarized light rotating member is arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the reflecting plate for rotating a vibrating plane of an incident polarized light to reduce a dispersion of states of polarization of light regarding wavelength. The polarized light rotating member preferably comprises first and second superimposed linear phase plates. The .DELTA.nd of the first linear phase plates located on the side of the liquid crystal layer from the second phase plate is approximately .lambda..sub.0 /2 and the .alpha.nd of the second linear phase plate is approximately .lambda..sub.0 /4.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel including at least two liquid crystal layers, and a color filter having two color portions. One of the liquid crystal layers includes solid regions and liquid crystal dispersing regions arranged adjacent to the solid regions. Picture electrodes are arranged on the first plate, on the liquid crystal dispersing regions, and on the solid regions, at positions corresponding to the color portions of the color filter. A common electrode is arranged on the second plate. The picture elements on the liquid crystal dispersing regions and on the solid regions are connected to the conductors on the first plate by connecting members extending through the solid regions. Therefore, the liquid crystal layers can be independently controlled.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device including a liquid crystal layer comprising a liquid crystal of a dispersed type in which liquid crystal molecules are randomly distributed so that an incident light impinging against the liquid crystal molecules scatters to produce a white display spot. A polarizer and an analyzer are arranged on either side of the first and second transparent plates. A directional backlight is arranged on the outside of the polarizer for supplying light having a directivity in the direction perpendicular to the first and second transparent plates toward the polarizer.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal display device includes a compensation liquid crystal panel having a first thickness and a first predetermined twist angle of liquid crystal molecules in a first direction, a driver liquid crystal panel having a second thickness identical to the first thickness and a second predetermined twist angle of liquid crystal molecules in a second, opposite direction such that the second predetermined twist angle is identical with the first predetermined twist angle in terms of magnitude, a first polarizer provided on the compensation liquid crystal panel, and a second polarizer provided on the driver liquid crystal panel.