Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display (1) including: a substrate (11); and a first organic electroluminescent device part (10) and a second organic electroluminescent device part (20) placed side by side on a surface of the substrate; the first organic electroluminescent device part (10) including at least a light reflective conductive layer (12), an organic luminescent medium layer (13), and a transparent electrode layer (15) in this order and including a light reflective layer (14) inside or outside of the organic luminescent medium layer (13) or the transparent electrode layer (15); the second organic electroluminescent device part (20) including at least a light reflective conductive layer (12), a first inorganic compound layer (21), an organic luminescent medium layer (13), and a transparent electrode layer (15) in this order and including a light reflective layer (14) inside or outside of the organic luminescent medium layer (13) or the transparent electrode layer (15); and an emission spectrum of light

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display comprising a first organic electroluminescent device (10) wherein an optical distance between first (12) and second (14) reflecting members is set to select light of a first color, a second organic electroluminescent device (20) wherein an optical distance between first (12) and second (14) reflecting members is set to select light of a second color, and a third organic electroluminescent device (30) wherein an optical distance between first (12) and second (14) reflecting members is set to select light of a third color, the first reflecting member (12) having an average reflectance of 65% or more for light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 700 nm.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display (1) including: a substrate (11); and a first organic electroluminescent device part (10) and a second organic electroluminescent device part (20) placed side by side on a surface of the substrate; the first organic electroluminescent device part (10) including at least a light reflective conductive layer (12), an organic luminescent medium layer (13), and a transparent electrode layer (15) in this order and including a light reflective layer (14) inside or outside of the organic luminescent medium layer (13) or the transparent electrode layer (15); the second organic electroluminescent device part (20) including at least a light reflective conductive layer (12), a first inorganic compound layer (21), an organic luminescent medium layer (13), and a transparent electrode layer (15) in this order and including a light reflective layer (14) inside or outside of the organic luminescent medium layer (13) or the transparent electrode layer (15); and an emission spectrum of light

Abstract: An organic electro luminescent device including at least a first light reflecting layer (2), a first transparent electrode (3), an organic emitting layer (4), a second transparent electrode (5) and a second light reflecting layer (6) stacked on a substrate (1) in this order; wherein at least one of the first light reflecting layer (2) and the second light reflecting layer (6) is light semi-transmissive. Applied light (A) is reflected between the first and second light reflecting layers (2), (6) and undergoes optical interference effect, and reflected light (B) is emitted outside through the second light reflecting layer (6) which is semi-transmissive. At that time, by adjusting an optical path length between the light reflecting layers (2) and (6), the spectrum of reflected light (B) is allowed to have a sharp peak with a specific value. As a result, the color purity is improved.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device including: a light reflecting layer (1), a light semi-transmitting layer (3) and a light interference part (2) including an organic emitting layer, the part being formed between the light reflecting layer (1) and the light semi-transmitting layer (3); the spectrum of reflected light (B) having at least three minimum values in the wavelength region of 400 to 800 nm when light (A) having a wavelength of 400 to 800 nm enters from the light semi-transmitting layer (1). Incident light (A) is reflected in the light interference part (B) and undergoes optical interference effects. At this time, it is possible to cause the spectrum of light emitted to the outside to have a certain sharpened wavelength peak by adjusting the optical path length of the light interference part (2). As a result, the color purity is improved.

Abstract: A three-dimensional display is provided with a display device alternatively displaying an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye in division of the images at predetermined time periods. A liquid crystal shutter disposed in front of the display device is operated in synchronization with image switching of the display device, and the image transmitted through the liquid crystal shutter is observed as a three-dimensional image through polarized glasses of which polarizing directions differ in the right and left from each other. The liquid crystal cell which serves as a liquid crystal shutter has a structure of a ferroelectric liquid crystal held between two sheets of resin film substrates and the ferroelectric liquid crystal contains more than 10 wt % of ferroelectric liquid crystal polymer so that it can respond to a large size display device and a high speed motion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprising 5 to 99 % by weight of a liquid-crystalline copolymer, which has both an alkyl chain and a siloxane chain in its main chain, and 1 to 95 % by weight of a low molecular weight liquid-crystalline compound operates at a wide range of temperatures including room temperature, has an excellent film formability, is easy to orient to a high degree by mechanical orientation methods including bending orientation method and responds to the change of electric field at a high speed.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal composition comprising (A) a ferroelectric liquid crystal material and (B) a non-liquid-crystalline polymeric material;a liquid crystal optical device comprising a layer of the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition, the (A) ferroelectric liquid crystal material in the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition has been uniaxially oriented and two substrates which support the layer of the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition between them and carry on their surfaces facing each other their respective electrode layers, at least one of the electrode layers being a transparent electrode layer; and p1 a method of producing the liquid crystal optical device, which method comprises orienting a liquid crystal optical device yet to be oriented which includes a layer of the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition andtwo flexible substrates which support the layer of the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition between them and carry on their surfaces facing each other their respectiv

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprising 5 to 99% by weight of a liquid-crystalline copolymer, which has both an alkyl chain and a siloxane chain in its main chain, and 1 to 95% by weight of a low molecular weight liquid-crystalline compound operates at a wide range of temperatures including room temperature, has an excellent film formability, is easy to orient to a high degree by mechanical orientation methods including bending orientation method and responds to the change of electric field at a high speed.

Abstract: A substrate coated with a film of liquid crystal material having a uniform thickness is produced efficiently by applying the liquid crystal material to the electrode side of a substrate using an impregnating matter impregnated with the liquid crystal material, and such a method ensures uniform thickness even for a film of liquid crystal material having a large area. A liquid crystal optical device having a uniform optical quality and a large area is produced efficiently by coating a flexible substrate with a film of liquid crystal material using the method described above, laminating the coated flexible substrate with another flexible substrate, with the film of the liquid crystal material disposed between the electrode sides of the flexible substrates, and orienting the liquid crystal material in thus obtained laminate by subjecting the laminate to bending treatment.

Abstract: A uniform orientation can be brought about to the liquid crystal material enclosed in a liquid crystal device by applying a shearing force to the liquid crystal material while an electric field is being applied to the liquid crystal material, without requiring disposition of orientation layers nor accurate control of temperature. The orientation method can be efficiently conducted by an apparatus comprising a supply roll for supplying and conveying the liquid crystal device, a roller having conductive orientation rolls for bending the conveyed liquid crystal device and for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal material, a power source for applying a voltage to the conductive orientation roll, and a receiving means for receiving the liquid crystal device which has gone through the bending.

Abstract: A method of forming a pattern in a conductive film of the group consisting of indium oxide film, indium tin oxide film, and aluminum film, covering a surface of a substrate of glass or a plastic material. This is accomplished by contacting a metal electrode with the surface of the substrate, and moving the area where the electrode contacts the conductive film at a speed of 5 to 1000 mm/sec while a voltage of 5 to 60 volts is applied between the electrode and the film.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal composition comprising (A) a ferroelectric liquid crystal material and (B) a non-liquid-crystalline polymeric material;a liquid crystal optical device comprisinga layer of the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition, the (A) ferroelectric liquid crystal material in the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition has been uniaxially oriented andtwo substrates whichsupport the layer of the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition between them andcarry on their surfaces facing each other their respective electrode layers, at least one of the electrode layers being a transparent electrode layer; anda method of producing the liquid crystal optical device, which method comprises orienting a liquid crystal optical device yet to be oriented which includesa layer of the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition andtwo flexible substrates whichsupport the layer of the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition between them andcarry on their surface facing each other their respective electrode

Abstract: A substrate coated with a film of liquid crystal material having a uniform thickness is produced efficiently by applying the liquid crystal material to the electrode side of a substrate using an impregnating matter impregnated with the liquid crystal material, and such a method ensures uniform thickness even for a film of liquid crystal material having a large area. A liquid crystal optical device having a uniform optical quality and a large area is produced efficiently by coating a flexible substrate with a film of liquid crystal material using the method described above, laminating the coated flexible substrate with another flexible substrate, with the film of the liquid crystal material disposed between the electrode sides of the flexible substrates, and orienting the liquid crystal material in thus obtained laminate by subjecting the laminate to bending treatment.

Abstract: A uniform orientation can be brought about to the liquid crystal material enclosed in a liquid crystal device by applying a shearing force to the liquid crystal material while an electric field is being applied to the liquid crystal material, without requiring disposition of orientation layers nor accurate control of temperature. The orientation method can be efficiently conducted by an apparatus comprising a supply roll for supplying and conveying the liquid crystal device, a roller having conductive orientation rolls for bending the conveyed liquid crystal device and for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal material, a power source for applying a voltage to the conductive orientation roll, and a receiving means for receiving the liquid crystal device which has gone through the bending.

Abstract: A method of orienting a liquid crystal optical device includinga smectic liquid crystal andtwo flexible substrates whichsupport the smectic liquid crystal layer between them andcarry on their surfaces facing each other their respective electrode layers,which method comprises orienting the smectic liquid crystal by subjecting the liquid crystal optical device to a bending treatment.

Abstract: The liquid-crystalline polymeric composition of the invention comprises (A) a non-liquid-crystalline polymeric compound and (B) a low-molecular liquid-crystalline compound each having a proton donor and/or a proton acceptor in the molecular structure and the low-molecular compound has a chiral smectic C phase. By virtue of these functional groups forming hydrogen bonds between the components, the liquid-crystalline polymeric composition of the invention is not a mere blend of the components liable to cause phase separation but is imparted with greatly increased stability and uniformity of the blend as well as responsivity of high speed.

Abstract: A process for producing a liquid crystal optical device comprising a ferroelectric liquid-crystalline polymer and two flexible substrates sandwiching the ferroelectric liquid-crystalline polymer between them, which process comprises the following continuously conducted stages of:the first stage including a step of forming an oriented layer on each of the two flexible substrates; the second stage including a step of forming a liquid-crystalline polymer layer on the oriented layer of at least one of the two flexible substrates; the third stage including a step of laminating the flexible substrate obtained in the first stage and the flexible substrate obtained in the second stage, or laminating two flexible substrates obtained in the second stage, with the one or two liquid-crystalline polymer layers sandwiched facing each other between the oriented layers carried on the flexible substrates; and the fourth stage including a step of heating the laminate obtained in the third stage to a temperature at which the fe

Abstract: A liquid crystal optical element comprising: (a) an oriented ferroelectric liquid-crystalline polymer layer which exhibits chiral smectic C phase, and (b) two electrically conducting layers which support the oriented ferroelectric liquid-crystalline polymer layer between them, where at least one of the two electrically conducting layers is transparent. The liquid crystal optical element can be easily made into one having a large area and can be used as a flexible display screen. Further, it has excellent electric field response property and high contrast. Furthermore, the production of the liquid crystal optical element and the control of its thickness can be easily conducted.