Abstract: Separate isomers via supercritical gas extraction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a closed type mixing and kneading apparatus with two juxtaposed double-wing rotors providing increased mixing and increased shearing action. One of the wings of each rotor has a length ratio of 0.6 to 0.9 relative to the total length of the rotor at a twist angle of 10.degree. to 40.degree.. The two wings of each rotor are overlapped by between 0.2 and 0.8 times the total length of the rotor.

Abstract: A process for producing resinous lactone high polymers by the catalytic polymerization of lactones having a water content of less than 0.1% in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of stannous chloride, stannous bromide, stannous iodide, titanium trichloride, titanium tetrachloride, ammonium molybdate, zirconium nitrate, zirconium oxychloride and zirconium carboxylates, as a catalyst.

Abstract: A continuous mixing machine for mixing a material fed at one end and discharging the mixed material through a discharge orifice at another end in a continuous sequence which includes a plurality of rotors each provided with mixing blade members, a mixing chamber encircling the plurality of rotors and a throttle member defining a part of the mixing chamber at a position facing the blade members and adapted to be moved toward and away from the rotors so as to vary the space within the mixing chamber. In a modified machine, the mixing chamber is provided with a vent hole at a position intermediate the throttle member and discharge orifice.

Abstract: An internal mixer includes a pair of rotors each having spiral vanes adapted to advance materials in the axial direction of the rotors. More particularly, each of the respective rotors has a long vane and a short vane and each of the vanes is of a spiral direction. The spiraling or screwing direction of the long vane is the same as the screwing direction of the short vane on the respective rotors. The flow of the materials along the axial direction differs from one rotor to another. Also disclosed is a mixing and kneading machine including a pair of parallel rotors each having a long vane and a short vane, the long vane extending spirally about the center lines of the rotors and the short vane extending along the center lines of the rotors. Flowing behavior of material to be mixed and kneaded occurs in opposing directions between both rotors.

Abstract: A mixing and kneading machine including a pair of parallel rotors each having a long vane and a short vane, both of which extend spirally about the center line of the rotors. A length ratio of the short vanes to the long vanes is selected within a range of 0.48 to 0.1. Also described is a mixing and kneading device which has a pair of parallel rotors rotating in opposite directions within a mixing chamber defined by a casing and an end frame. Each of the rotors comprises a long vane and a short vane, both of which extend spirally about the center line of the rotor, the spiral direction thereof being selected such that material to be mixed flows from the edges of the rotors into the central portion thereof. The ratio of the length of the short vane to that of the long vane is determined within the range of 0.48 to 0.1 and a ratio of axial thrust exerted on the material by the short vane to that by the long vane is determined between 0.7 and approximately 0.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for heating solid materials containing volatile matters. This apparatus includes a heating portion for heating solid materials, and a conveyor portion having a conveyor unit for transporting solid materials. The conveyor is inclined so as to provide an entrance lower in level than an exit thereof, whereby solid materials heated in the heating portion are discharged from an exit to the conveyor unit, while volatile matters vaporized according to the heating are discharged through an entrance of the conveyor unit.