Abstract: To save the records of an instant fault generation history and an instant fault recovery history without omission, and to pursue the cause of the fault that causes data error and the like as well as to perform recovery works and the like accurately. Each of fault generation notifications transmitted from main signal packages are stored to an instant fault generation history table provided to a storage module of a monitoring control package along a time series cyclically without exception, and each of fault recovery notifications transmitted in accordance with a detection of recovery of the fault corresponding to each of the stored fault generation notifications is stored to the instant fault generation history storage table by corresponding to each of the fault generation notifications already stored to the instant fault generation history storage table.

Abstract: A supervisory control system includes a supervisory control target device and a supervisory control device. The supervisory control device is configured such that an attribute usage flag that indicates whether the supervisory control device supports any changes in the attributes due to adding of a function, and an attribute effectiveness flag which indicates whether the supervisory control target device supports the changes, are added, as information concerning the attributes that undergo the changes, to a definition of the instance which the supervisory control device retains. Further, the supervisory control device includes a control unit which, on a basis of data of the attribute usage flag and attribute effectiveness flag relating to the attributes undergoing the changes due to adding of a function, determines whether the supervisory control target device supports a new function or whether supervisory control based upon the new function is effective.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmission apparatus in which a plurality of elements implement virtually one apparatus. Each element includes at least one main signal package and a monitor control package that is connected to the main signal package via an intra-apparatus bus 40 and connected to another monitor control package via an inter-apparatus communication bus. The monitor control package in one element, on occurrence of a malfunction in the main signal package being monitored, collects an alert from the main signal package being monitored, and transmits an alert masking control signal, using the inter-apparatus bus, to the monitor control package of another element to which belong the main signal package of a masking target. The main signal package of the masking target suppresses alerting of a second-order malfunction in case of detection of the second-order malfunction on receipt of the alert masking control signal.

Abstract: To save the records of an instant fault generation history and an instant fault recovery history without omission, and to pursue the cause of the fault that causes data error and the like as well as to perform recovery works and the like accurately. Each of fault generation notifications transmitted from main signal packages are stored to an instant fault generation history table provided to a storage module of a monitoring control package along a time series cyclically without exception, and each of fault recovery notifications transmitted in accordance with a detection of recovery of the fault corresponding to each of the stored fault generation notifications is stored to the instant fault generation history storage table by corresponding to each of the fault generation notifications already stored to the instant fault generation history storage table.

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexing transmission system that comprises an input/output terminal station for an optical signal, and an intermediate station located between the terminal stations and connected by an optical transmission line for performing wavelength division multiplexing and transmission of the optical signal, wherein the signal transmission system comprising the terminal station and the intermediate station has a redundant configuration comprising the active system and standby system, and an input/output means for the optical signal to be transmitted through the active system and the standby system is provided on both the active system and the standby system on the side of the active system of the terminal station.

Abstract: A supervisory control device is configured such that when a function is added to a device to be subjected to supervisory control, an attribute usage flag that indicates whether the supervisory control device supports any changes, and an attribute effectiveness flag that indicates whether the supervisory control target device supports the changes are added, as the information relating to the attributes that undergo the changes due to the addition of the function, to a definition of an instance which the supervisory control device retains; the supervisory control device also including a control unit which, on the basis of data of the added attribute usage flag and attribute effectiveness flag, determines at least one of whether the supervisory control target device supports the new function and whether the supervisory control based upon the new function is effective for the attributes undergoing the changes due to the addition of the function.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmission apparatus in which a plurality of elements implement virtually one apparatus. Each element includes at least one main signal package and a monitor control package that is connected to the main signal package via an intra-apparatus bus 40 and connected to another monitor control package via an inter-apparatus communication bus. The monitor control package in one element, on occurrence of a malfunction in the main signal package being monitored, collects an alert from the main signal package being monitored, and transmits an alert masking control signal, using the inter-apparatus bus, to the monitor control package of another element to which belong the main signal package of a masking target. The main signal package of the masking target suppresses alerting of a second-order malfunction in case of detection of the second-order malfunction on receipt of the alert masking control signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a backbone transmission apparatus including a plurality of main signal packages and a monitoring control package connected to the plurality of main signal packages each via an apparatus internal bus. When a failure occurs in one of the main signal packages, the main signal package generates mask request information for requesting the suppression of an alarm and sends the generated mask request information to the monitoring control package via the apparatus internal bus. The monitoring control package receives the mask request information, determines a main signal package to be masked based on path information on a main signal, and sends mask control information, which is used for suppressing an alarm notification to the monitoring control package, to the main signal package to be masked via the apparatus internal bus. When the mask control information is received, the main signal package to be masked performs mask processing for an alarm to be notified to the monitoring control package.

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexing transmission system that comprises an input/output terminal station for an optical signal, and an intermediate station located between the terminal stations and connected by an optical transmission line for performing wavelength division multiplexing and transmission of the optical signal, wherein the signal transmission system comprising the terminal station and the intermediate station has a redundant configuration comprising the active system and standby system, and an input/output means for the optical signal to be transmitted through the active system and the standby system is provided on both the active system and the standby system on the side of the active system of the terminal station.

Abstract: An optical power control apparatus, an optical power control method and an optical power control program for reducing the effect of coherent crosstalk noise in between optical signals having the same wavelength when at least multiplexing optical signals of respective channels. In an optical intermediate node with a level equalizer, a pre-amplifier amplifies a WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) optical signal. Subsequently, a first arrayed waveguide grating included in a level equalizer demultiplexes the WDM optical signal into optical signals corresponding to respective channels. The demultiplexed optical signals each having passed through an attenuator of each channel are multiplexed by a second arrayed waveguide grating. An OSC termination section feeds an apparatus controller with channel alive information indicating the presence or absence of an optical signal with respect to each channel.

Abstract: An optical ring system having: a wavelength demultiplexer to which wavelength-multiplexed optical signal to be sent through an optical fiber from a previous node of multiple nodes is input and in which optical signal with each wavelength assigned to itself is demultiplexed; an optical ring device which is disposed in a predetermined node of the multiple nodes to the each wavelength assigned and which is composed of a failure existence judging part which terminates an overhead of each optical signal with a wavelength demultiplexed by the wavelength demultiplexer and judges whether a failure occurs in regard to a wavelength in a previous section through which optical signal with the assigned wavelength is sent, and a switching part which, when the failure existence judging means determines the occurrence of failure, selects a path that allows optical signal with the wavelength to be transmitted to the previous node while avoiding the previous section incurring the failure; and a wavelength multiplexer which mul

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is disclosed, comprising a support having on side thereof a magnetic recording layer and on the other side, photographic component layers including a silver halide emulsion layer, wherein a contact angle between water and a surface of the side having the magnetic recording layer is from 85.degree. to 100.degree..

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic recording medium which comprises;(a) a non-magnetic support; and provided thereon, in sequence(b) a conductive layer containing carbon black preferably with a DBP absorption of 100 cc/.sub.100g or more, an average particle size of 5 to 30 microns and a pH of less than 5; and(c) a magnetic layer;(I) containing tabular barium ferrite magnetic particles in each of which the axis of easy magnetization is substantially perpendicular to the plane surface and 7 to 30 parts by weight of alpha alumina; and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of said magnetic particles, of carbon black with an average particle size of 40 to 300 m.mu.; and(II) is formed on said conductive layer by the wet-on-wet method; a magnetic recording medium according to this invention is improved both in durability and electromagnetic conversion characteristics.

Abstract: A magnetic disc is disclosed, which comprises a disc-shaped magnetic recording medium having a magnetic layer comprising a ferromagnetic powder and a binder and a case having a liner of a nonwoven fabric comprising a polyester fiber or a polyacrylonitrile fiber in a ratio of not less than 30% by weight. The binder of the magnetic recording medium comprises a modified polyurethane resin containing a a polar group selected from the group consisting of a -SO.sub.3 M group, a --OSO.sub.3 M group, a --COOM group, a --PO(OM).sub.2 group and a --OPO(OM).sub.2 group, in which M is a hydrogen atom or a alkali metal atom, or a hydroxyl group provided that the polar group may form an intramolecular salt.