Abstract: A communication apparatus includes: a monitor configured to monitor a first communication amount in first communication between a first communication apparatus and a terminal apparatus and/or a second communication amount in second communication between a second communication apparatus and the terminal apparatus, the second communication apparatus performs communication with the terminal apparatus; and a transmitter configured to transmit information relating to monitoring result by the monitor to a communication control apparatus that is able to perform policy control and charging control.

Abstract: A radio communication system, a first application server includes a communicator configured to transmit to and receive from a terminal apparatus individual data via a first base station apparatus, the first base station apparatus includes a first controller configured to request to a second base station apparatus first control information regarding to a second application server connected to the second base station apparatus and second control information for the terminal apparatus to connect to the second base station apparatus, and a transmitter configured to transmit to the terminal apparatus the second control information notified from the second base station apparatus, at least, the second base station apparatus includes a second controller configured to notify the first and second control information to the first base station apparatus, the terminal apparatus receives at least the second control information from the first base station apparatus.

Abstract: A radio communication system, a first application server includes a communicator configured to transmit to and receive from a terminal apparatus individual data via a first base station apparatus, the first base station apparatus includes a first controller configured to request to a second base station apparatus first control information regarding to a second application server connected to the second base station apparatus and second control information for the terminal apparatus to connect to the second base station apparatus, and a transmitter configured to transmit to the terminal apparatus the second control information notified from the second base station apparatus, at least, the second base station apparatus includes a second controller configured to notify the first and second control information to the first base station apparatus, the terminal apparatus receives at least the second control information from the first base station apparatus.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes: a monitor configured to monitor a first communication amount in first communication between a first communication apparatus and a terminal apparatus and/or a second communication amount in second communication between a second communication apparatus and the terminal apparatus, the second communication apparatus performs communication with the terminal apparatus; and a transmitter configured to transmit information relating to monitoring result by the monitor to a communication control apparatus that is able to perform policy control and charging control.

Abstract: A communication device forms a first cell and performs radio communication with a mobile station. The communication device includes a first information acquiring unit that acquires a first traffic volume corresponding to a traffic volume that occurs in the first cell at a first time, a second information acquiring unit that acquires a second traffic volume corresponding to a traffic volume that occurs at the first time in each of second cells of second communication devices adjacent to the communication device, a calculating unit that calculates a predicted value, in a future relative to the first time, of a traffic volume occurring in the first cell on the basis of the first traffic volume and the second traffic volume, and an adjusting unit that adjusts a transmission parameter of the communication device on the basis of the predicted value.

Abstract: An ink storage container having a simply configured ink exchange function is provided, whereby the amount of stored ink is increased. An air flow control unit for controlling the flow of air between the inside and outside is disposed in an ink storage unit for storing ink. The air flow control unit includes: a valve element that is formed of an interconnected porous material and allows air to be exchanged between the inside and outside of the ink storage unit according to positive and negative changes in the internal pressure of the ink storage unit; and a liquid repellent membrane that has air permeability and liquid repellency and is disposed on an ink side of the valve element.

Abstract: A base station includes a required resources determination unit which determines the amount of free resources to be secured for a local cell based on statistical information including a record of how resources have actually been used. The base station includes a handover object selection unit which selects a mobile station capable of being handed over to another cell among mobile stations within the local cell if the actual amount of free resources is smaller than the amount of free resources to be secured as determined by the required resources determination unit. The base station includes a connection control unit which hands over the mobile station selected by the handover object selection unit to another cell.

Abstract: An ink storage container having a simply configured ink exchange function is provided, whereby the amount of stored ink is increased. An air flow control unit for controlling the flow of air between the inside and outside is disposed in an ink storage unit for storing ink. The air flow control unit includes: a valve element that is formed of an interconnected porous material and allows air to be exchanged between the inside and outside of the ink storage unit according to positive and negative changes in the internal pressure of the ink storage unit; and a liquid repellent membrane that has air permeability and liquid repellency and is disposed on an ink side of the valve element.

Abstract: An order wire monitoring method monitors form a monitoring control terminal a quality of an order wire line which couples transmission apparatuses via multiplexed lines which multiplex and transmit main and order wire signals. A transmission apparatus which is to transmit test data and a transmission apparatus which is to receive test data are specified from the monitoring control terminal, and the test data are transmitted from a specified transmitting apparatus to the order wire line in response to a start of test instructed from the monitoring control terminal. The monitoring control terminal monitors the quality of the order wire line based on information received from the specified receiving apparatus via the specified transmitting apparatus.

Abstract: A transmission system comprises a plurality of transmission apparatuses which use a single channel commonly. Each transmission apparatus comprises switches for connecting and disconnecting transmission paths with adjacent transmission apparatuses, a line signaling-signal monitoring and detecting portion, and a network dividing logic portion which opens and closes the switches based on an output of the line signaling-signal monitoring and detecting portion. The network dividing logic portion closes switches of transmission paths between transmission apparatuses which perform a telephone conversation and opens the other switches.

Abstract: When a wireless channel fails, a working signal and a protection signal are synchronized and switching is performed without instantaneous disconnection. Each working unit of a plurality of working units is provided with a wireless-channel failure detector for detecting a failure that has occurred in a working wireless channel; a synchronization detecting circuit for detecting synchronization between a working wireless channel and a protection wireless channel; a changeover switch for selecting a signal from either the protection wireless channel or a working wireless channel without instantaneous disconnection; and a unit failure detector for detecting a failure that requires switching of a unit. When a failure develops in a wireless channel and a working wireless channel and the protection wireless channel are synchronized, a radio protection switching device controls the changeover switch to switch between working and protection wireless channels without instantaneous disconnection.

Abstract: A communication monitoring and controlling apparatus for easily collecting monitoring information is connected to an existing network composed of a plurality of communication equipment. A management information collecting unit collects management information of each of the communication equipment. The management information is in an existing network management information format. A format converting unit converts the management information in the existing network management information format into management information in a new-type network management information format. The new-type network management information format is a format used by the new-type network, and handles the existing network composed of the communication equipments as one network element. The converted management information is transmitted to at least one operation system of the new-type network by a transmitting unit.

Abstract: An SDH/PDH monitoring and integrating apparatus collects control data generated in a monitoring unit employed in each PDH radio apparatus in a PDH communication network, transforms the control data into a control command that can be processed in an SDH communication network and transmits the control command to the SDH communication network. The control command transmitted to the SDH communication network arrives at an operation system by way of components such as a DCC (Digital Communication Channel), a monitoring unit employed in an SDH radio apparatus or employed in an SDH transmission apparatus and an X.25 network. The operation system extracts control data generated in the PDH communication network from the control command, executing the same processing as that of the conventional PDH monitoring panel for the extracted control data.

Abstract: A method of transferring information to a plurality of offices connected in series in a network includes the following steps. A step (a) is transferring the information from a server office to an intermediate office being substantially intermediate in the plurality of offices. A step (b) is setting the intermediate office which received the information in the step (a) to the server office. A step (c) is virtually dividing the plurality of offices into two groups which respectively include the server offices. And, a step (d) is repeating the steps (a) to (c) for each of the two groups.

Abstract: A control system for a communication apparatus has capability of coping with bus extension. The control system includes a control section and a plurality of controlled sections connected to the control section via a bus. Each controlled section accommodates at least one object to be controlled. The control section has a first interface for extension bus generation which includes a latch section and a bus transmission section. The controlled section has a second interface section for extension bus generation which includes a reception section, a judgment section, and a permission signal send-back section. The bus is formed by a bus which complies with a standard regarding mutual connection between apparatuses in a data communication system so as to send and receive pieces of information, each including a predetermined number of bits, and control signals. This makes it possible to suppress the hardware cost of channel sections and to efficiently perform highly functional monitoring and controlling.

Abstract: A method of transferring information to a plurality of offices connected in series in a network includes the following steps. A step (a) is transferring the information from a server office to an intermediate office being substantially intermediate in the plurality of offices. A step (b) is setting the intermediate office which received the information in the step (a) to the server office. A step (c) is virtually dividing the plurality of offices into two groups which respectively include the server offices. And, a step (d) is repeating the steps (a) to (c) for each of the two groups.

Abstract: A memory controlling apparatus is provided with: a record information memory, a vacant address controller for serially storing the address data which specifies the addresses where record information referred to has been stored in order of reference, supplying the address data in the order of storage, and designating the addresses for storing the record information on new events by the supplied address data; and a LRU (least recently used) unit for storing the address data; and a LRU unit for storing the address data which specifies the address of the memory at which record information is stored in the order of storage.

Abstract: In a printer comprising a printing means for performing printing on a continuous paper in response to a print data and a cutter unit for cutting the continuous paper in the paper width direction upon completion of printing, a printed paper needs to be sorted out easily and clearly depending on jobs. To meet the demand, the printer is provided with a rotary blade and a fixed blade which cut the continuous paper in the paper width direction which crosses perpendicularly to the paper feed direction and it is further provided with a carriage for holding the rotary blade so as to be movable in the paper width direction. The carriage has a shading piece. Sensors are disposed at the position corresponding to the position where the cutting amount of the paper in the paper width direction is set to be smaller than the entire paper width. When the sensors detect the shading piece, the rotary blade stops moving to thereby stop the cutting operation.

Abstract: A PN code demodulator reduced in hardware scale and a code-division multiplex communication apparatus using the PN code demodulator are provided wherein the quantity of external noise is detected during communications and the number of multiplexed channels can be immediately changed in accordance with the quantity of external noise. In the PN code demodulator, an exclusive-OR unit derives an exclusive-OR of a PN code and a baseband signal modulated by the PN code. A counting unit counts the number of anticoincidence bits at which the baseband signal does not coincide with the PN code, based on the output of the exclusive-OR unit over a predetermined code length. A determining unit and a restoring unit restore a data signal in accordance with whether the number of anticoincidence bits counted by the counting unit has reached the value of the (predetermined code length+1)/2. A correlation value output unit obtains a correlation value based on the count value of the counting unit.

Abstract: A code-division multiplex communication apparatus for carrying out multiplex communication by using pseudo noise (PN) codes and an application system thereof are provided, which have high SN ratio and can be used in an environment wherein feeble radio waves are to be received or the strength of output radio waves is regulated. Exclusive-OR circuits output exclusive ORs each based on data and a PN code associated with the corresponding channel, and a majority logic circuit performs a majority logic operation on the exclusive ORs. Namely, the majority logic circuit outputs a logical "1" or "0" that is greater in number. The majority logic output is subjected to phase modulation and is then transmitted as a transmission signal. The transmission signal is demodulated at a receiving side, based on the same PN codes as those used at the transmitting side, thereby demodulating the data. The code-division multiplex communication apparatus is applicable to radio LAN and FA system.