Abstract: A nuclear fusion system comprises: a muon generation unit to generate negative muons including electron and positron accelerators for generating electron and positron beams; a gas supply unit to supply to circulate gaseous deuterium or gaseous deuterium-tritium mixture as raw material gas; a Laval nozzle to accelerate the raw material gas to supersonic velocity; and a shock wave cone connected to the Laval nozzle to introduce the raw material gas accelerated to supersonic velocity to generate an oblique shock wave, the raw material gas accelerated to supersonic velocity being introduced into the shock wave cone to generate the oblique shock wave, the oblique shock wave being decelerated to create a high-density gas target in an in-flight manner, the muons generated as a result of causing electrons and positrons to collide with each other being introduced into the high-density gas target thereby to cause a muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion reaction to occur.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a silver nanowire ink that is capable of stably suppressing the decrease in conductivity of the silver nanowire conductive layer caused by coating a coating liquid for forming a transparent conductive layer. [Solution] A silver nanowire ink containing a water soluble cellulose ether having a methoxy group, and silver nanowires, in an aqueous solvent, the water soluble cellulose ether having a mass proportion of a methoxy group of from 16.0 to 25.0%. Particularly preferred examples of the water soluble cellulose ether include HPMC having a mass proportion of a hydroxypropoxy group of 10.0% or less and HEMC having a mass proportion of a hydroxyethoxy group of 12.0% or less.

Abstract: A silver nanowire ink intermediate product having dispersed therein silver nanowires has an organic protective agent attached to a surface thereof, the protective agent being 1.5 to 8.0% by mass based on the total amount of the organic protective agent and silver. The intermediate product is subjected to a dispersion treatment by a thin film revolution method to control the silver nanowires in the ink to have a number of folds per unit length of the wires of 20.0 per mm or less, obtained by measuring over a total wire length of 1.0 mm or more. The ink has an existing amount of particles having a particle diameter exceeding 7 ?m of 50 per mL or less per unit volume of the ink, measured with a liquid borne light extinction particle counter. The ink has a suppressed amount of coarse foreign particles to enhance conductivity of a transparent conductive film.

Abstract: To provide thin and long silver nanowires covered with an organic protective agent containing a less amount of impurities, the silver nanowires having good dispersibility in an ink having an alcohol added thereto. Silver nanowires containing covered thereon a copolymer composition containing one or more kinds of a copolymer having a vinylpyrrolidone structural unit, and having a sulfur content Sppm of 2,000 ppm or less and a residual vinylpyrrolidone monomer content ratio VPR obtained from an NMR spectrum of 6.0% or less, the silver nanowires having an average diameter of 30 nm or less and an average length of 10 ?m or more.

Abstract: A method for producing silver nanowires, containing reduction-precipitating silver in the form of wire in an alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a silver compound, the deposition being performed in the alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a chloride, a bromide, an alkali metal hydroxide, an aluminum salt, and an organic protective agent, the molar ratio Al/OH of the total Al amount of the aluminum salt dissolved in the solvent and the total hydroxide ion amount of the alkali metal hydroxide dissolved therein being from 0.01 to 0.40, the molar ratio OH/Ag of the total hydroxide ion amount of the alkali metal hydroxide dissolved in the solvent and the total Ag amount of the silver compound dissolved therein being from 0.005 to 0.50.

Abstract: Silver nanowires that are capable of significantly improving conductivity and visibility characteristics of a transparent conductor have attached to a surface thereof an organic protective agent, have an average diameter of 50 nm or less, an average length of 10 ?m or more, and the organic protective agent is 1.5 to 8.0% by mass based on the total amount of the organic protective agent and silver. The silver nanowires can be made by circulating silver nanowires with the attached organic protective agent in a circulation flow channel having in a middle thereof a crossflow filter, along with a liquid medium. Crossflow filtration is performed with the filter while replenishing the liquid medium to the circulation flow channel continuously or intermittently, so as to wash off/remove a part of the organic protective agent on the surface of the silver nanowires to control an amount of the organic protective agent attached.

Abstract: A method for producing a silver nanowire dispersion liquid which exhibits good separability among wires, including: subjecting a liquid having dispersed therein silver nanowires having an average length of 10 ?m or more, to at least once of filtration including filtration with an organic fiber mesh filter having an aperture of 8 ?m or more and 120 ?m or less, so as to provide a filtrate having dispersed therein silver nanowires having an average length of 10 ?m or more (preliminary filtering step); and subjecting the filtrate obtained in the preliminary filtering step, to at least once of filtration including filtration with an organic fiber mesh filter having an aperture of 12 ?m or less, so as to provide a filtrate having dispersed therein silver nanowires having an average length of 10 ?m or more (finish filtering step).

Abstract: A method for producing a silver nanowire ink, includes mixing urethane resin particles having an average particle diameter of 200 nm or less, containing a urethane resin having a degree of elongation of less than 500%, with a silver nanowire dispersion liquid. The urethane resin may have an average value of 100% modulus (100% Mo), for example, 6.0 MPa or more. The content of the urethane resin colloid or the urethane resin emulsion may be from 0.01 to 2.0 mass % based on the total amount of the silver nanowire ink. The content of silver is preferably from 0.01 to 2.0 mass % based on the total amount of the silver nanowire ink. The content of the viscosity modifier is preferably from 0.01 to 2.0 mass % based on the total amount of the silver nanowire ink. The nanowires have high industrial practicability and a conductive film has high transparency and high conductivity.

Abstract: To provide a silver nanowire ink, in which a bundle aggregation of wire is difficult to occur in die coater coating, and a transparent conductor having good conductivity can be stably formed. A silver nanowire ink containing a liquid medium containing HEMC (hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose) having dispersed therein silver nanowires covered with a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and a hydrophilic monomer, the silver nanowire ink having a content of HEMC in the ink of from 0.01 to 1.0% by mass.

Abstract: To provide thin and long silver nanowires covered with an organic protective agent containing a less amount of impurities, the silver nanowires having good dispersibility in an ink having an alcohol added thereto. Silver nanowires containing covered thereon a copolymer composition containing one or more kinds of a copolymer having a vinylpyrrolidone structural unit, and having a sulfur content Sppm of 2,000 ppm or less and a residual vinylpyrrolidone monomer content ratio VPR obtained from an NMR spectrum of 6.0% or less, the silver nanowires having an average diameter of 30 nm or less and an average length of 10 ?m or more.

Abstract: Silver nanowires having a thin and long shape that exhibit excellent dispersibility in an aqueous solvent having an alcohol added thereto are provided by silver nanowires having an average diameter of 50 nm or less and an average length of 10 ?m or more, covered with a copolymer of a maleimide-based monomer and vinylpyrrolidone. The silver nanowires can be produced by a method for producing silver nanowires, containing reductively depositing silver in a wire form in an alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a silver compound, the deposition being performed in the solvent having dissolved therein a copolymer of a maleimide-based monomer and vinylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: [Problem] In the production of silver nanowires, the necessarily amount of the silver-containing liquid is decreased, and the yield of long silver nanowires is improved. [Solution] A method for producing silver nanowires, including adding a silver-containing liquid to an alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a chloride, a bromide, an aluminum salt, an alkali metal hydroxide, and an organic protective agent, so as to perform reduction deposition of silver in a wire form in the alcohol solvent, the silver-containing liquid to be added having dissolved therein a silver compound in a silver concentration of from 3.5 to 32.0 mol/L. The silver-containing liquid used is preferably a water-containing solvent having a mass proportion of water of from 4.0 to 100.0%.

Abstract: A method for producing silver nanowires, containing reduction-precipitating silver in the form of wire in an alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a silver compound, the deposition being performed in the alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a chloride, a bromide, an alkali metal hydroxide, an aluminum salt, and an organic protective agent, the molar ratio Al/OH of the total Al amount of the aluminum salt dissolved in the solvent and the total hydroxide ion amount of the alkali metal hydroxide dissolved therein being from 0.01 to 0.40, the molar ratio OH/Ag of the total hydroxide ion amount of the alkali metal hydroxide dissolved in the solvent and the total Ag amount of the silver compound dissolved therein being from 0.005 to 0.50.

Abstract: A method for producing silver nanowires, containing reduction-precipitating silver in the form of wire in an alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a silver compound, the deposition being performed in the alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a chloride, a bromide, an alkali metal hydroxide, an aluminum salt, and an organic protective agent, the molar ratio Al/OH of the total Al amount of the aluminum salt dissolved in the solvent and the total hydroxide ion amount of the alkali metal hydroxide dissolved therein being from 0.01 to 0.40, the molar ratio OH/Ag of the total hydroxide ion amount of the alkali metal hydroxide dissolved in the solvent and the total Ag amount of the silver compound dissolved therein being from 0.005 to 0.50.

Abstract: Silver nanowires having a thin and long shape that exhibit excellent dispersibility in an aqueous solvent having an alcohol added thereto are provided by silver nanowires having an average diameter of 50 nm or less and an average length of 10 ?m or more, covered with a copolymer of a maleimide-based monomer and vinylpyrrolidone. The silver nanowires can be produced by a method for producing silver nanowires, containing reductively depositing silver in a wire form in an alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a silver compound, the deposition being performed in the solvent having dissolved therein a copolymer of a maleimide-based monomer and vinylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: A method for producing metal nanowires having improved uniformity in length distribution and having a small abundance ratio of short nanowire comprises making metal nanowires to flow accompanied by a flow of a liquid medium in a tubular flow path having, on a wall of the flow path, a porous ceramic filter having an average pore diameter by the mercury intrusion method of 1.0 mm or more. A part of the flowing metal nanowires is discharged to an outside of the tubular flow path through the porous ceramic filter along with a part of the liquid medium and the metal nanowires that flow in the flow path but are not discharged to the outside of the tubular flow path are recovered.

Abstract: Silver nanowires coated with, instead of a polymer protective agent such as PVP, an organic protective agent having a smaller molecular weight are provided. The silver nanowires have an average diameter of 100 nm or less and an average length of 5 ?m or more, and a thiol having a molecular weight of 75 to 300 is adhered on surfaces of the metal silver. The silver nanowires have a thiol containing one thiol group in the structure adhered thereon. A thiol having only one thiol group (—S—H) in a molecule is a suitable target. Examples thereof include 1-dodecanethiol, 1-decanethiol, 1-octanethiol, 3-mercapto-1,2-propanediol, monoethanolamine thioglycolate, ammonium thioglycolate, and thiomalic acid.

Abstract: A method for producing a silver nanowires ink comprises adding a viscosity modifier and a water-soluble acrylic-urethane copolymer resin to an aqueous solvent or a mixed solvent of water and an alcohol having silver nanowires dispersed therein. The content of the water-soluble acrylic-urethane copolymer resin with respect to the total amount of the silver nanowires ink may be from 0.05 to 2.0% by mass. The content of silver with respect to the total amount of the silver nanowires ink is preferably from 0.05 to 1.0% by mass. The content of the viscosity modifier with respect to the total amount of the silver nanowires ink is preferably from 0.01 to 1.0% by mass. The viscosity of the silver nanowires ink is preferably controlled to a range of from 1 to 100 mPa·s. The method provides a transparent conductive coated film that is excellent in conductivity, light transmissibility, haze characteristics, and adhesiveness.

Abstract: A method for producing silver nanowires, containing reduction-precipitating silver in the form of wire in an alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a silver compound, the deposition being performed in the alcohol solvent having dissolved therein a chloride, a bromide, an alkali metal hydroxide, an aluminum salt, and an organic protective agent, the molar ratio Al/OH of the total Al amount of the aluminum salt dissolved in the solvent and the total hydroxide ion amount of the alkali metal hydroxide dissolved therein being from 0.01 to 0.40, the molar ratio OH/Ag of the total hydroxide ion amount of the alkali metal hydroxide dissolved in the solvent and the total Ag amount of the silver compound dissolved therein being from 0.005 to 0.50.

Abstract: There is provided a silver conductive film capable of inexpensively mass-producing conductive circuits, such as antennas for IC tags, which have excellent electrical characteristic and flexibility, by applying a silver particle dispersing solution, which contains 50-70% by weight of silver particles having a mean particle diameter of 20 nm or less, on a substrate by the flexographic printing, and then, calcining the silver particle dispersing solution to produce a silver conductive film, which contains 10-50% by volume of a sintered body of the silver particles and which has a volume resistivity of 3-100 ??·cm, a surface resistivity of 0.5?/? or less and a thickness of 1-6 ?m.