Abstract: A terminal apparatus has a simple map installed therein. When a map is desired, it is checked whether or not a map of a desired place exists in the simple map. If it exists, the map of the desired place is loaded from the simple map, or if it does not exist, the map of the desired place is downloaded from a navigation server.

Abstract: An information providing system is capable of rendering map-information services even if the size of a free area in a memory employed in a terminal becomes small, disallowing all details of a map to be downloaded. A server employed in the information providing system has a search engine for searching a map data base for a map suitable for a destination and the present position of the terminal as received from the terminal, a route computing unit for computing a guide route from the present position to the destination, a map display location determination unit for determining a location at which route information including a map based on the calculated guide route is to be transmitted to the terminal and a thinning determination unit for thinning the information to be transmitted based on information on the terminal received from the terminal. The thinning determination unit has a priority-level definition table for defining priority levels assigned to map elements stored in the map data base.

Abstract: A system for management of object carrying includes a plurality of reading devices for reading information stored in a card given to an object to be managed, a storage device for storing processing contents for situations, a condition setting unit for setting processing to be executed according to a situation, a state monitor unit for executing processing on the basis of information read from one of the reading devices and the contents set by the condition setting unit, a management unit for managing identification numbers each stored in the card for managing the object to be managed, and a display for informing of processing executed by the state monitor unit.