Abstract: A vessel includes electric connectors for receiving one or more direct voltages from a shore-side electric power system. The vessel includes a transmitter for transmitting, to the shore-side electric power system, a control signal enabling the shore-side electric power system to control the one or more direct voltages to be suitable for the vessel. Alternatively, the vessel includes one or more controllable direct voltage converters and a control system for controlling the one or more controllable direct voltage converters to convert the one or more direct voltages into one or more direct voltages suitable for the vessel. The vessel can be for example a ship, a boat, or a ferry.

Abstract: A linear electric machine comprises a primary part (101) and a secondary part (102) linearly movable with respect to each other. The primary part comprises primary sections (103, 104) each having an airgap surface. The secondary part comprises secondary sections (105, 106) each having an airgap surface facing towards the air-gap surface of the respective primary section. Each primary section comprises force-generating windings (U1, V1, W1, U2, V2, W2) for generating a magnetic thrust force and a transversal magnetic force pulling the primary section towards the respective secondary section. The resultant of the transversal magnetic forces is controllable to levitate the primary part. The primary part further comprises one or more tilt-control windings (T1, T2) for controlling tilting of the primary part with respect to the secondary part.

Abstract: A power system for supplying electric power from shore-side to a vessel is presented. The power system includes one or more shore-side converters (101-112) for receiving electric power from a shore-side alternating voltage network (137) and for producing one or more direct voltages. Each shore-side converter can be a controllable converter for controlling the produced direct voltage to be suitable for the vessel in accordance with a control signal received from the vessel, or the vessel may include a direct voltage converter for converting the direct voltage received from the shore-side to be suitable for the vessel. The vessel can be an electric vessel which includes a chargeable battery (132) for supplying electric power to the propulsion system (135) of the vessel.

Abstract: A vessel includes electric connectors for receiving one or more direct voltages from a shore-side electric power system. The vessel includes a transmitter for transmitting, to the shore-side electric power system, a control signal enabling the shore-side electric power system to control the one or more direct voltages to be suitable for the vessel. Alternatively, the vessel includes one or more controllable direct voltage converters and a control system for controlling the one or more controllable direct voltage converters to convert the one or more direct voltages into one or more direct voltages suitable for the vessel. The vessel can be for example a ship, a boat, or a ferry.

Abstract: A linear electric machine comprises a primary part (101) and a secondary part (102) linearly movable with respect to each other. The primary part comprises primary sections (103, 104) each having an airgap surface. The secondary part comprises secondary sections (105, 106) each having an airgap surface facing towards the air-gap surface of the respective primary section. Each primary section comprises force-generating windings (U1, V1, W1, U2, V2, W2) for generating a magnetic thrust force and a transversal magnetic force pulling the primary section towards the respective secondary section. The resultant of the transversal magnetic forces is controllable to levitate the primary part. The primary part further comprises one or more tilt-control windings (T1, T2) for controlling tilting of the primary part with respect to the secondary part.

Abstract: An electric power system includes a direct voltage rail (101), battery elements (102-104) connected with supply-converters (105-107) to the direct voltage rail, and load-converters (111-113) for converting direct voltage of the direct voltage rail into voltages suitable for loads of the electric power system, where the supply-converters and the load-converters are connected with over-current protectors (108-110, 114-116) to the direct voltage rail. The electric power system further includes a capacitor system (117) connected to the direct voltage rail and capable of supplying fault current for switching an over-current protector into a non-conductive state in response to a fault causing a voltage drop at an electrical node connected to the direct voltage rail via the over-current protector. The capacitor system may include one or more high-capacitance electric double layer capacitors. The fault current available from the capacitor system enables a selective protection.

Abstract: An electromechanical power transmission chain comprises an electrical machine (101) connectable to a combustion engine and to a mechanical load, a storage circuit (104) for storing electrical energy, an electronic power converter (109) for transferring electrical energy between the storage circuit and the electrical machine, and a control system (110) for controlling the combustion engine and the electronic power converter. The control system controls the electronic power converter to transfer electrical energy from the storage circuit to the electrical machine in response to a peak-load situation where power demand of the mechanical load is above an advantageous power range of the combustion engine. The control system limits the fuel supply of the combustion engine during the peak-load situation so as to restrain the fuel consumption from increasing due to the peak-load situation.

Abstract: A working machine includes a combustion engine (101), an electromechanical power transmission chain (102) between the combustion engine and one or more actuators (109) of the working machine, an electrical connector system (103) for connecting to an external electrical power network (110), and an electronic power converter (104) for transferring electrical energy from the electromechanical power transmission chain to the external electrical power network and from the external electrical power network to the electromechanical power transmission chain. The working machine can be used as an auxiliary power plant for increasing reliability and capacity of power supply. On the other hand, the working machine can be energized merely by the external electrical power network when the capacity of the electrical power network is sufficient and when it is more cost-effective to use the electrical power network than to use the combustion engine.

Abstract: A power system for supplying electric power from shore-side to a vessel is presented. The power system includes one or more shore-side converters (101-112) for receiving electric power from a shore-side alternating voltage network (137) and for producing one or more direct voltages. Each shore-side converter can be a controllable converter for controlling the produced direct voltage to be suitable for the vessel in accordance with a control signal received from the vessel, or the vessel may include a direct voltage converter for converting the direct voltage received from the shore-side to be suitable for the vessel. The vessel can be an electric vessel which includes a chargeable battery (132) for supplying electric power to the propulsion system (135) of the vessel.

Abstract: An electric power system includes a direct voltage rail (101), battery elements (102-104) connected with supply-converters (105-107) to the direct voltage rail, and load-converters (111-113) for converting direct voltage of the direct voltage rail into voltages suitable for loads of the electric power system, where the supply-converters and the load-converters are connected with over-current protectors (108-110, 114-116) to the direct voltage rail. The electric power system further includes a capacitor system (117) connected to the direct voltage rail and capable of supplying fault current for switching an over-current protector into a non-conductive state in response to a fault causing a voltage drop at an electrical node connected to the direct voltage rail via the over-current protector. The capacitor system may include one or more high-capacitance electric double layer capacitors. The fault current available from the capacitor system enables a selective protection.

Abstract: An electromechanical drive comprises an electrical machine (101a), an electrical power converter (103) for converting voltage of an external electrical system to voltage suitable for the electrical machine, and a gearbox (111a) for mechanically connecting the electrical machine to an actuator (112a) and capable of providing selectable transmission ratios between the electrical machine and the actuator. The electrical power converter comprises a controller for selecting one of the selectable transmission ratios at least partly on the basis of a) first data related to actual and/or desired torque-speed operating point of the actuator and b) second data related to functional properties of at least the electrical machine. Thus, the transmission ratio can be selected at least partly from the viewpoint of the electrical machine taking into account for example the most advantageous speed range and/or torque range of the electrical machine.

Abstract: An electromechanical drive comprises an electrical machine (101a), an electrical power converter (103) for converting voltage of an external electrical system to voltage suitable for the electrical machine, and a gearbox (111a) for mechanically connecting the electrical machine to an actuator (112a) and capable of providing selectable transmission ratios between the electrical machine and the actuator. The electrical power converter comprises a controller for selecting one of the selectable transmission ratios at least partly on the basis of a) first data related to actual and/or desired torque-speed operating point of the actuator and b) second data related to functional properties of at least the electrical machine. Thus, the transmission ratio can be selected at least partly from the viewpoint of the electrical machine taking into account for example the most advantageous speed range and/or torque range of the electrical machine.

Abstract: A mobile working machine includes an energy source, a storage circuit for storing electrical energy, a first electronic power converter stage between the storage circuit and the energy source, an electrical machine for driving actuators, a second electronic power converter stage between the storage circuit and the electrical machine, and a control system for controlling the first electronic power converter stage responsive to the power taken by the second electronic power converter stage from the storage circuit, the control system providing a control signal path from the storage circuit to the first electronic power converter stage. The signal processing properties of the control signal path are dependent on the electrical energy stored by the storage circuit in order to allow the electrical energy to vary, but within desired limits, so as to reduce the peak power taken from the energy source.

Abstract: An electromechanical power transmission chain comprises an electrical machine (101) connectable to a combustion engine and to a mechanical load, a storage circuit (104) for storing electrical energy, an electronic power converter (109) for transferring electrical energy between the storage circuit and the electrical machine, and a control system (110) for controlling the combustion engine and the electronic power converter. The control system controls the electronic power converter to transfer electrical energy from the storage circuit to the electrical machine in response to a peak-load situation where power demand of the mechanical load is above an advantageous power range of the combustion engine. The control system limits the fuel supply of the combustion engine during the peak-load situation so as to restrain the fuel consumption from increasing due to the peak-load situation.

Abstract: A working machine includes a combustion engine (101), an electromechanical power transmission chain (102) between the combustion engine and one or more actuators (109) of the working machine, an electrical connector system (103) for connecting to an external electrical power network (110), and an electronic power converter (104) for transferring electrical energy from the electromechanical power transmission chain to the external electrical power network and from the external electrical power network to the electromechanical power transmission chain. The working machine can be used as an auxiliary power plant for increasing reliability and capacity of power supply. On the other hand, the working machine can be energized merely by the external electrical power network when the capacity of the electrical power network is sufficient and when it is more cost-effective to use the electrical power network than to use the combustion engine.

Abstract: A mobile working machine includes an energy source (101), a storage circuit (103) for storing electrical energy, a first electronic power converter stage (104) between the storage circuit and the energy source, an electrical machine (106) for driving actuators, a second electronic power converter stage (107) between the storage circuit and the electrical machine, and a control system (108) for controlling the first electronic power converter stage responsive to the power taken by the second electronic power converter stage from the storage circuit, the control system providing a control signal path from the storage circuit to the first electronic power converter stage. The signal processing properties of the control signal path are dependent on the electrical energy stored by the storage circuit in order to allow the electrical energy to vary, but within desired limits, so as to reduce the peak power taken from the energy source.

Abstract: The shape of the rising and falling edges of AC output voltage pulses of a PWM frequency converter is controlled by reducing a speed of change, and a height, of the AC output voltage pulse. The PWM frequency converter rectifies the alternating voltage of a supply network into a DC voltage which is filtered. A load bridge having power semiconductor phase switches forms an AC output voltage from the DC voltage for controlling the load. An average speed of voltage change of AC output voltage pulses is set using a phase switch to control at least one power component to be conductive and non-conductive in turn for a period of at least about one microsecond to change a pulse edge of the AC output voltage pulses into at least one micropulse, the width of which is controlled to increase towards a final state of the phase switch.

Abstract: A method and a parallel connection arrangement for equalizing the output powers of power converter units (INU11, INU12), in which power converter units is a semiconductor switch bridge controlled with pulse width modulation, and in which is a control unit arrangement (CU1, CU2) for forming control pulses, with which the semiconductor switches are controlled. The control unit arrangement delays the falling edge of the control pulses of at least one semiconductor switch of at least one power converter unit.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for controlling the output voltage pulses of a PWM frequency converter, in which PWM frequency converter is a network bridge (10) for rectifying the alternating voltage of the supply network into the DC voltage (UDC) of the DC intermediate circuit, which is filtered with a filtering capacitor (CDC), a load bridge (11) comprised of phase switches implemented with power semiconductor components, which forms the AC output voltage (U, V, W) from the DC voltage of the intermediate circuit for controlling the load (M), in which for setting the average speed of change in the output voltage in connection with each change of state of the output voltage at least one power component controlled by a phase switch is controlled such that before the output voltage remains in its position subsequent to the change of state it is on at least once for a short period, typically of less than 1 ?s (a micropulse), in the position prevailing before the change of state.

Abstract: A method and a parallel connection arrangement for equalizing the output powers of power converter units (INU11, INU12), in which power converter units is a semiconductor switch bridge controlled with pulse width modulation, and in which is a control unit arrangement (CU1, CU2) for forming control pulses, with which the semiconductor switches are controlled. The control unit arrangement delays the falling edge of the control pulses of at least one semiconductor switch of at least one power converter unit.