Abstract: Titanium material less susceptible to discoloration and method for thereof are provided. Titanium materials less susceptible to discoloration in the atmosphere are obtainable by controlling the fluorine and carbon contents in the oxide film on the surface thereof and the thickness of the oxide film. Such titanium materials are obtainable by dissolving the surface thereof in an aqueous fluonitric acid solution with a nitric acid concentration of not higher than 80 g/l or heat-treating at between 300 and 900° C. in a vacuum or in an inert gas atmosphere of argon or helium after dissolving in the aqueous fluonitric acid solution.

Abstract: Titanium resistant to discoloration in an atmospheric environment characterized by having an average carbon concentration of 14 at % or less in a range to a depth of 100 nm from the surface and having an oxide film of a thickness of 12 to 40 nm at its surface. Titanium resistant to discoloration in an atmospheric environment characterized in that, in X-ray diffraction of its surface, a ratio (X1/X2) of a (200) peak intensity X1 of TiC to a (110) peak intensity X2 of titanium is not more than 0.18 and by having an oxide film of a thickness of 12 to 40 nm at its surface.

Abstract: Titanium material less susceptible to discoloration and method for thereof are provided. Titanium materials less susceptible to discoloration in the atmosphere are obtainable by controlling the fluorine and carbon contents in the oxide film on the surface thereof and the thickness of the oxide film. Such titanium materials are obtainable by dissolving the surface thereof in an aqueous fluonitric acid solution with a nitric acid concentration of not higher than 80 g/l or heat-treating at between 300 and 900° C. in a vacuum or in an inert gas atmosphere of argon or helium after dissolving in the aqueous fluonitric acid solution.

Abstract: Titanium resistant to discoloration in an atmospheric environment characterized by having an average carbon concentration of 14 at % or less in a range to a depth of 100 nm from the surface and having an oxide film of a thickness of 12 to 40 nm at its surface. Titanium resistant to discoloration in an atmospheric environment characterized in that, in X-ray diffraction of its surface, a ratio (X1/X2) of a (200) peak intensity X1 of TiC to a (110) peak intensity X2 of titanium is not more than 0.18 and by having an oxide film of a thickness of 12 to 40 nm at its surface.

Abstract: A method of straightening a wire rod of titanium or titanium alloy wherein the rod is hot-straightened to a straight rod at the straightening temperature T and elongation .epsilon. satisfying the expression (1) or (2). The method includes hot rolling a titanium billet of .beta. titanium alloy, (.alpha.+.beta.) titanium alloy or a near .alpha. titanium alloy into a wire rod, winding the hot rolled wire rod into a coil, cold drawing the wire rod, cutting the wire rod to obtain a bent wire rod, heating the bent wire rod to a straightening temperature T while both end portions of the bent wire rod are fixed, applying a predetermined elongation .epsilon. to the wire rod, maintaining a straightening temperature T, hot-straightening the wire in accordance with the expression (2).epsilon.(T-400).gtoreq.400 (1).epsilon.(T-500).gtoreq.200 (2)and cooling the wire rod while applying tension. The method is suitable for preparing a straight rod for use in an engine valve.

Abstract: This present invention is characterized in that a titanium material on an .alpha. or (.alpha.+.beta.) titanium alloy material hydrogenated in an amount of 0.02 to 2% by weight of hydrogen is heated to a temperature above the .beta. transformation point and below 1100.degree. C., is hot worked in that temperature range at a reduction of 30% or more, the hot working is terminated in a .beta. single phase temperature region, and cooling to 400.degree. C. or less, and annealing in vacuum are then carried out, whereby titanium and titanium alloy materials having a fine acicular microstructure are obtained.

Abstract: According to the present invention, titanium and titanium alloy materials having a fine equiaxed microstructure are produced. A titanium, .alpha. titanium alloy or (.alpha.+.beta.) titanium alloy material is hydrogenated in an amount of 0.02 to 2% by weight. If necessary, the hydrogenated material is subjected to pretreatment [i.e., heated above 700.degree. C. (.beta. transformation point)] and/or working (i.e., working at 450.degree. to 950.degree. C., or temperatures above .beta. transformation point and below 1100.degree. C.). The material is then aged at 10.degree. to 530.degree. C. or 10.degree. to 700.degree. C. (in the case of working at temperatures above .beta. transformation point), and finally dehydrogenated and recrystallized to prepared a material having a fine equiaxed microstructure.

Abstract: In the production of titanium and (.alpha.+.beta.)-type titanium alloy materials, a material hydrogenated in an amount of 0.02 to 2% by weight of hydrogen is worked at a temperature of 450.degree. to 900.degree. C. at a reduction of more than 60%, and the material is dehydrogenated and annealed in vacuum. The working of the titanium material is carried out at 450.degree. to 800.degree. C., and the working of the (.alpha.+.beta.)-type titanium alloy material is carried out at 550.degree. to 900.degree. C. Furthermore, in the production of titanium, .alpha.-type titanium alloy, and (.alpha.+.beta.)-type titanium alloy materials, a material hydrogenated in an amount of 0.02 to 2% by weight of hydrogen is subjected to a heat treatment wherein the material is heated at a temperature not lower than the .beta. transformation temperature and then cooled, the material is worked at a temperature of 450.degree. to 950.degree. C.

Abstract: A flexible sealed bag for storing a liquid comprises a triangle-shaped flexible bag body which is tapered narrower toward its distal end and stores a liquid therein, and a wire for releasably fastening a portion near the distal end of the body, so as to separate the body into a liquid storing portion in which the liquid is sealed and a distal end portion in which the liquid is absent. An opening is formed in the distal end portion. Thereafter, the wire is removed and the liquid in the bag is discharged through the opening.

Abstract: A pouch usable as a cup comprising a rigid outer sheet and a flexible inner sheet laminated on the inner surface of the outer sheet which are folded to form a pouch. The bottom of the inner sheet is not adhered to the bottom of the outer sheet whereby the outer sheet is deformed by pressing the side edges thereof to expand the bottom of the inner sheet to form a cup.