Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element 1 according to the present invention includes: a substrate 2; a first electrode 3 formed on the substrate; an organic light-emitting layer 5 formed on the first electrode 3 so as to be brought into contact with the first electrode 3; and a second electrode 6 formed on the organic light-emitting layer 5, characterized in that an ion-doped surface onto which hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions are doped as dopant is provided in the vicinity of a contact interface B between the first electrode 3 and the organic light-emitting layer 5. By such characteristics, an organic electroluminescent element can be obtained, in which a low-voltage drive is made possible, and a long lifetime is realized.

Abstract: A functional thin-film element comprises: a substrate (2); an anode (3) or cathode (5) formed on the substrate (2); a luminescent layer (4) formed on the anode (3) or cathode (5); a cathode (5) or anode (3) formed on the luminescent layer (4); and a doped layer formed by doping cations (6) into between the luminescent layer (4) and cathode (5). Alternatively, a functional thin-film element comprise: a substrate (13); an anode (14) or cathode (16) formed on the substrate (13); a luminescent layer (15) formed on the anode (14) or cathode (16); a cathode (16) or anode (14) formed on the luminescent layer (15); and a doped layer formed by doping anions (17) into between the luminescent layer (15) and anode (14).

Abstract: The present invention provides an all-solid-state reflection-controllable electrochromic device and a reflection-controllable member using that device, and the present invention relates to the all-solid-state reflection-controllable electrochromic device, which is a reflection-controllable device in which a multilayer thin film is formed on a transparent base material, wherein, at least a transparent conductive film layer, an ion storage layer, a solid electrolyte layer, a catalyst layer and a reflection-controllable layer using a magnesium-nickel based alloy thin film are formed on the base material; and, a reflection-controllable member incorporating this reflection-controllable electrochromic device, and it is possible to provide a reflection-controllable electrochromic device, having a novel multilayer structure with high transmissivity when transparent and capable of switching in a short period of time over a large surface area, and a reflection-controllable member incorporating this device.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element 1 according to the present invention includes: a substrate 2; a first electrode 3 formed on the substrate; an organic light-emitting layer 5 formed on the first electrode 3 so as to be brought into contact with the first electrode 3; and a second electrode 6 formed on the organic light-emitting layer 5, characterized in that an ion-doped surface onto which hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions are doped as dopant is provided in the vicinity of a contact interface B between the first electrode 3 and the organic light-emitting layer 5. By such characteristics, an organic electroluminescent element can be obtained, in which a low-voltage drive is made possible, and a long lifetime is realized.

Abstract: The present invention provides an all-solid-state reflection-controlable electrochromic device and a reflection-controlable member using that device, and the present invention relates to the all-solid-state reflection-controlable electrochromic device, which is a reflection-controlable device in which a multilayer thin film is formed on a transparent base material, wherein, at least a transparent conductive film layer, an ion storage layer, a solid electrolyte layer, a catalyst layer and a reflection-controlable layer using a magnesium-nickel based alloy thin film are formed on the base material; and, a reflection-controlable member incorporating this reflection-controlable electrochromic device, and it is possible to provide a reflection-controlable electrochromic device, having a novel multilayer structure with high transmissivity when transparent and capable of switching in a short period of time over a large surface area, and a reflection-controlable member incorporating this device.

Abstract: A functional thin-film element comprises: a substrate (2); an anode (3) or cathode (5) formed on the substrate (2); a luminescent layer (4) formed on the anode (3) or cathode (5); a cathode (5) or anode (3) formed on the luminescent layer (4); and a doped layer formed by doping cations (6) into between the luminescent layer (4) and cathode (5). Alternatively, a functional thin-film element comprise: a substrate (13); an anode (14) or cathode (16) formed on the substrate (13); a luminescent layer (15) formed on the anode (14) or cathode (16); a cathode (16) or anode (14) formed on the luminescent layer (15); and a doped layer formed by doping anions (17) into between the luminescent layer (15) and anode (14).

Abstract: A structure (1) for reflecting light uses at least two materials having different refractive indices. The structure (1) for reflecting light includes a first material (2) having light transmittance, and a plurality of fine structures (3) made of a second material, placed within the first material (2), with regularity sufficient to express reflection functions of light based on diffraction and scattering actions.

Abstract: A coloring structure includes a light-reflecting base, a brilliant layer placed on the base, and transparent brilliant units contained in the brilliant layer, each brilliant unit including an alternate lamination of at least two polymers having different refractive indexes, the lamination producing interfered light resulting from reflection and interference of light and transmitted light resulting from transmission of light, each brilliant unit controlling interfered and transmitted lights. The coloring structure is provided with a coloring mechanism for producing at least an interference color resulting from interfered light, a first object color resulting from reflection of transmitted light produced by the base, and a second object color resulting from reflection of incident light produced by the base without striking any brilliant units.

Abstract: A structure (1) for reflecting light uses at least two materials having different refractive indices. The structure (1) for reflecting light includes a first material (2) having light transmittance, and a plurality of fine structures (3) made of a second material, placed within the first material (2), with regularity sufficient to express reflection functions of light based on diffraction and scattering actions.

Abstract: A coloring structure includes a surface layer placed on a base with light transparency and containing transparent brilliant members, each brilliant member including an alternate lamination of at least two polymers having different refractive indexes, and controlling interfered light resulting from reflection and interference produced by the alternate lamination and transmitted light other than interfered light and passing through the alternate lamination. The brilliant members may dispersedly be contained in the base.

Abstract: A flat optical-interference-functional fiber formed by alternately laminating individually independent layers of polymers having different refractive indices in parallel with the major axis direction of its flat cross section, characterized in that (a) the ratio (SP ratio) of the solubility parameter value (SP1) of high refractive index polymer to the solubility parameter value (SP2) of low refractive index polymer is in the range of 0.8≦SP1/SP2≦1.1, and a fibrous structure using the fiber. According to the present invention, there are provided a fiber which has high color development intensity based on optical interference and forms clear color; and a fibrous structure thereof.

Abstract: A color-developing composite short fiber having a length of 0.01 to 100 mm is obtained by cutting a color-developing short fiber capable of reflecting visible rays and interfering therewith consisting of two or more kinds of polymer compounds having different refractive indices which are laminated alternately, while a color-developing structure is formed by binding particles of the short fiber one another, dispersing the short fiber in or mixing it with other materials to be bound therewith or adhering the short fiber on the surface of a support. Further, a color-developing composite short fiber having a length of 0.

Abstract: A color-developing composite short fiber having a length of 0.01 to 100 mm is obtained by cutting a color-developing short fiber capable of reflecting visible rays and interfering with visible rays consisting of two or more kinds or polymer compounds having different refractive indices which are laminated alternately. A color-developing structure is formed by binding particles of the short fiber to one another, dispersing the short fiber in a mixture with other materials or adhering the short fiber on the surface of a support. Further, a color-developing composite short fiber having a length of 0.01 to 100 mm is obtained by cutting a color-developing composite fiber comprising two or more polymer compounds having different refractive indices which are laminated alternately forming a layer capable of reflecting visible rays and interfering therewith and a layer capable of reflecting invisible rays and interfering therewith.

Abstract: A coating structure includes a color base, a first coating layer placed on the color base, and transparent brilliant members contained in the first coating layer, each brilliant member including an alternate lamination of at least two polymers having different refractive indexes and controlling interference light resulting from reflection and interference produced by the alternate lamination and transmitted light other than interference light. The coating structure is provided with a coloring mechanism for producing at least an interference color resulting from reflection and interference of an incident source spectrum produced by the brilliant members, a first object color resulting from direct action of the spectrum with the color base, and a second object color resulting from action of the spectrum transmitting through the brilliant members with the color base. Mixing of the three colors causes a hue varying with the angle.

Abstract: A fiber structure with a cross section having x-axis and y-axis directions includes an alternate lamination including a first portion having a refractive index na and a thickness da and a second portion adjacent to the first portion and having a refractive index nb and a thickness db, wherein when 1.0≦na<1.8, 1.3≦nb≦1.8, and 1.01≦nb/na≦1.80, a primary peak wavelength &lgr;1 which is equal to 2(nada+nbdb) is given by &lgr;1≧0.78 or 1.6 (&mgr;m).

Abstract: A coloring structure includes a light-reflecting base, a brilliant layer placed on the base, and transparent brilliant units contained in the brilliant layer, each brilliant unit including an alternate lamination of at least two polymers having different refractive indexes, the lamination producing interfered light resulting from reflection and interference of light and transmitted light resulting from transmission of light, each brilliant unit controlling interfered and transmitted lights. The coloring structure is provided with a coloring mechanism for producing at least an interference color resulting from interfered light, a first object color resulting from reflection of transmitted light produced by the base, and a second object color resulting from reflection of incident light produced by the base without striking any brilliant units.

Abstract: A fiber structure includes alternate lamination including a predetermined number of a first portion having a refractive index na and a thickness da, and a second portion adjacent to the first portion and having a refractive index nb and a thickness db, wherein when the refractive index na is given by 1.3≦na, and a ratio nb/na is given by 1.01≦nb/na≦1.20, a reflection peak wavelength &lgr; is equal to 2(nada+nbdb). Such fiber structure is used in a textile.

Abstract: A minute structure for producing a color comprises a first coloring part for producing a color with first wavelengths in the visible light area by physical actions such as reflection and Interference. The first coloring part includes lamellas disposed in layers at predetermined intervals. A second coloring part is disposed adjacent to the first coloring part for absorbing a part of light with second wavelengths in the visible light area and reflecting the rest of light. The second coloring part contains a coloring matter.

Abstract: A color exhibition structure comprising a number of minute granular substances dispersed in a transparent substance. The materials of the transparent and granular substances are selected in such a manner as to exhibit a visible color produced by reflection and scattering of a light incident on the color exhibition structure. Alternatively, the color exhibition structure may comprise a number of minute granular substances dispersed in at least one of first and second layers laminated alternatively. The materials of the first and second layers and the granular substances are selected in such a manner as to exhibit a visible color produced by reflection, interference and scattering of a light incident on the color exhibit structure.

Abstract: A fiber with a cross section having x-axis and y-axis directions includes an alternate lamination including a predetermined number of a first portion and a second portion adjacent thereto, which have different optical characteristics, and a clad arranged around the alternate lamination.