Abstract: The use of static or flash memory to store and play a full-length movie is disclosed. The flash or similar based static or recordable solid state memory is used in place of videotape or DVD disks. The full-length movies include licensed, commercial, copy written or proprietary creative moving pictures with sound. The use includes the recording, storage, and playing of the memory from a computer or custom play and or recording device that can record the information from a source and or play the recorded information. The use further includes using the memory for the rental and distribution of the movies on the memory module. The memory has the ability to store a complete licensed movie or TV production that can be stored, encoded, write protected, copy protected or re-written once or numerous times.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods in which a microprocessor (220) is programmed to calculate an accumulated watering need for an irrigation zone of station (400)and control irrigation to the zone or station (400) using an automatically varied cycle amount that falls between a user controllable maximum threshold and a user controllable minimum threshold. The cycle amount is preferably at least partly derived from ETo data. The minimum threshold may vary during a period of 12 consecutive months, may vary as a function of time of year, as a function of crop maturity or as a function of any other suitable factor where it would be advantageous to set a minimum threshold. The cycle amount may equal the accumulated ETo value(s) or may equal the maximum threshold value. Furthermore, the microprocessor (220) may be programmed to control the irrigation to the zone or station (400) using an automatically varied day schedule.

Abstract: The present invention provides an irrigation control system in which a device (irrigation scheduler) automatically modifies irrigation schedules of installed irrigation controllers to affect irrigating of the landscape based on the water requirements of the landscape plants and comprises: providing an irrigation controller programmed to execute irrigations on watering days by closing an electrical circuit connecting the controller and at least one irrigation valve; providing an irrigation scheduler programmed to execute irrigations on substantially equivalent watering days as the irrigation controller; and the irrigation scheduler selectively interrupting the electrical circuit to control the execution of irrigations on watering days. Preferably the microprocessor uses either an ETo value or weather data used in calculating the ETo value to at least partially derive the improved irrigation schedule.

Abstract: An irrigation scheduler modifies output of a preprogrammed irrigation schedule of an installed irrigation controller to at least partially improve irrigation of the corresponding landscape. Preferred embodiments accomplish this task using a microprocessor programmed to: (a) derive a first set of information from the output of an irrigation controller used to control an operation of an irrigation valve; (b) receive a second set of information comprising at least one of an environmental factor and a meteorological factor; and (c) use the first set of information and the second set of information to interfere with reception of the output by the valve.

Abstract: A removable spinning hubcap that provides the appearance of the rim turning when the vehicle is not in motion. The invention discloses inner and outer members that are connected by a bearing. The inner member can be connected to an existing or custom tire rim. When the vehicle is in motion the turning of the inner rim exerts rotational motion to the inner member and then turns the outer member. Bearings are provided between the two members that allow the outer member to spin freely from the rotational inertial after the inner member changes rotational speed.

Abstract: A rain detector comprises a porous material, a sensor that detects rain absorption by the porous material and a switching mechanism that is linked to the sensor to effect an execution of an irrigation application by an irrigation controller. The porous material may be composed of brick or other substance with porous properties. When the sensor does not detect any rain absorption by the porous material, the switching mechanism will remain in the closed position providing an electrical connection between the irrigation controller and at least one sprinkler valve, thereby allowing the execution of an irrigation application by the irrigation controller. When the sensor detects rain absorption by the porous material, the switching mechanism will be in the open position.

Abstract: An irrigation controller provides a current to operate an irrigation valve assembly and superimposes a data stream on the current. The current may be either alternating current or direct current. Preferably the current is transmitted over a two-wire link. The irrigation valve assembly includes a decoder, a solenoid and an irrigation valve. It is contemplated that the decoder will communicate bi-directionally with the irrigation controller. The data stream will be an encoded control signal that is sent at a rate greater than 1 byte per second. Additionally, the encoded control signal may be sent at a rate greater than or less than the rate of the current.

Abstract: The present invention provides an irrigation control system in which a device (irrigation scheduler) automatically modifies irrigation schedules of installed irrigation controllers to affect irrigating of the landscape based on the water requirements of the landscape plants and comprises: providing an irrigation controller programmed to execute irrigations on watering days by closing an electrical circuit connecting the controller and at least one irrigation valve; providing an irrigation scheduler programmed to execute irrigations on substantially equivalent watering days as the irrigation controller; and the irrigation scheduler selectively interrupting the electrical circuit to control the execution of irrigations on watering days. Preferably the microprocessor uses either an ETo value or weather data used in calculating the ETo value to at least partially derive the improved irrigation schedule.

Abstract: A precipitation measuring device comprises a detector (20) disposed to electronically count individual rain drops, and an integrator (30) that integrates the results over a period of time. The detector (20) may comprise a piezoelectric sensor, a strain gauge, or some other type of detector that electronically detects the impact of individual rain drops. The integrator (30) may comprise hardware logic or a microprocessor. The detector (20) and integrator (30) may be disposed in the same or separate housings. The precipitation measuring device may also be used to prevent the execution of an irrigation schedule by an irrigation controller (200) when rain occurs. When used for this purpose the integrator (30) may comprise the microprocessor disposed in the irrigation controller.

Abstract: A valve has a flow restrictor positioned outside of a lumen of a tube, which transitions between an open configuration and a closed configuration. The valve further contains a closing mechanism that automatically positions the flow restrictor to the closed configuration when a pressure in a fluid within the lumen is below a low threshold pressure, and an opening mechanism that automatically positions the first flow restrictor to the open configuration when the pressure in the fluid within the lumen is above a high threshold pressure that is higher than the low threshold pressure. The flow restrictor is preferably positioned outside the tube, although it may be positioned inside the wall of the tube, or even within the lumen of the tube. There may also be a second, downstream flow restrictor. The opening and closing mechanisms advantageously comprise a magnet or solenoid. The tube may comprise a catheter, and especially a urinary catheter.

Abstract: An irrigation control system in which a device (irrigation scheduler) automatically modifies irrigation schedules of installed irrigation controllers to affect irrigating of the landscape based on the water requirements of the landscape plants and comprises: an irrigation controller programmed to execute an irrigation schedule by closing an electrical circuit connecting the controller and a plurality of irrigation valves; and using an irrigation scheduler to: (a) monitor a plurality of control signals output by the irrigation controller by monitoring a current passing over a single common wire connecting the irrigation controller to the plurality of irrigation valves; and (b) selectively interrupt the circuit to execute an improved irrigation schedule. Preferably the microprocessor uses either an ETo value or weather data used in calculating the ETo value to at least partially derive the improved irrigation schedule.

Abstract: An interactive irrigation system exchanges information between an irrigation controller and a distal computer and between the distal computer and a third party. The user can exchange information with the irrigation controller and the distal computer. The information is preferably exchanged over an Internet communication system. The exchanged information includes the following: irrigation scheduling; quantity of water applied to the irrigated area at the user location, which is compared to ET values; warnings to users when potential problems with their irrigation systems are detected; and other irrigation information that is useful to the user or a third party.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods in which a microprocessor (220) is programmed to calculate an accumulated watering need for an irrigation zone or station (400) and control irrigation to the zone or station (400) using an automatically varied cycle amount that falls between a user controllable maximum threshold and a user controllable minimum threshold. The cycle amount is preferably at least partly derived from ETo data. The minimum threshold may vary during a period of 12 consecutive months, may vary as a function of time of year, as a function of crop maturity or as a function of any other suitable factor where it would be advantageous to set a minimum threshold. The cycle amount may equal the accumulated ETo value(s) or may equal the maximum threshold value. Furthermore, the the irrigation to the zone or station (400) using an automatically varied day schedule.

Abstract: An exercise machine is described which is entirely self-contained without any source of outside power. A rechargeable battery is used to maintain the exercise system operative for a time-out period. At all other times the machine is powered by the user. The machine is compact, light, rigid and sized to fit through a standard doorway. The entire exercise machine is provided with a wrap-around handrail into which a display input/output unit has been integrally provided. The exercise machine or stepper utilizes a dynamically controllable load or alternator which is controlled by a computer circuit to maintain the power input into the exercise machine or to maintain metabolically energy consumption rate within a user of the exercise machine at a predetermined, approximately constant level, regardless of the speed of stepping or the actual or effective weight of the user. The alternator is dynamically controlled by pulse width modulating its field coils.

Abstract: An irrigation controller provides a current to operate an irrigation valve assembly and superimposes a data stream on the current. The current may be either alternating current or direct current. Preferably the current is transmitted over a two-wire link. The irrigation valve assembly includes a decoder, a solenoid and an irrigation valve. It is contemplated that the decoder will communicate bi-directionally with the irrigation controller. The data stream will be an encoded control signal that is sent at a rate greater than 1 byte per second. Additionally, the encoded control signal may be sent at a rate greater than or less than the rate of the current.

Abstract: A method of controlling irrigation to an irrigated area comprises: extrapolating an irrigation schedule at least partly as a function of at least two user entered data points; and executing the irrigation schedule by an irrigation controller. The user entered data points can all be entered at the same time or over a period of time. Furthermore, two or more user entered data points may be entered for the same date. Additionally, the user entered data points may be deleted. A warning is preferably displayed to the user (a) when a user-entered data point is projected to result in an irrigated area not receiving adequate water to meet a plant's water requirement, or (b) when an irrigated area is projected to receive excessive water.

Abstract: A valve has a flow restrictor positioned outside of a lumen of a tube, which transitions between an open configuration and a closed configuration. The valve further contains a closing mechanism that automatically positions the flow restrictor to the closed configuration when a pressure in a fluid within the lumen is below a low threshold pressure, and an opening mechanism that automatically positions the first flow restrictor to the open configuration when the pressure in the fluid within the lumen is above a high threshold pressure that is higher than the low threshold pressure. The flow restrictor is preferably positioned outside the tube, although it may be positioned inside the wall of the tube, or even within the lumen of the tube. There may also be a second, downstream flow restrictor. The opening and closing mechanisms advantageously comprise a magnet or solenoid. The tube may comprise a catheter, and especially a urinary catheter.

Abstract: An irrigation controller that is capable of making daily adjustment of irrigation duration based upon historical, environmental, and or received information. The irrigation controller can automatically skip days and make changes to account for daily and seasonal environmental changes. Such automatic determination is advantageous to minimize the need of the operator intervention to make seasonal change as well as providing irrigation savings, and ensures deep irrigation. The simplified user interface and control allows for a change made at any time of the year to effect the remainder of the year to provide the best balance of minimal or no user interface, irrigation conservation.