Abstract: At least one aspect is directed to a battery cell. The battery cell can include a current collector having a wall that defines an opening. The wall can have a surface from a first planar surface of the current collector to a second planar surface of the current collector. The battery cell can have a lid having a protrusion. The protrusion can have a surface, the surface of the protrusion coupled with the surface of the wall.

Abstract: A battery cell can include a tab having a first portion and a second portion. The battery cell can include an electrode having an uncoated region. The battery cell can include a current collector. The tab can be disposed within a slit of the current collector. The first portion and the second portion of the tab can electrically couple the current collector with the electrode via the uncoated region of the electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for a device. The device can include a battery housing comprising a first lateral wall and a second lateral wall. The device can include an insulator disposed within the battery housing between the battery housing and an active battery component. A portion of the insulator can be fixed to an inner surface of the first lateral wall and the portion of the insulator fixed to an inner surface of the second lateral wall.

Abstract: A passivated current collector for a battery cell is provided. A battery cell can include a first electrode that can include a first region that is coated with an active material and a second region that lacks a coating of the active material. The battery cell can include a first terminal that can be in electrical contact with the first electrode via a first current collector that can be electrically coupled to the second region of the first electrode and the first terminal. The first current collector can include a passivated portion exposed to an electrolyte in contact with the first electrode.

Abstract: An image device may include a clock generator to generate a first output clock of a first frequency, a link layer to generate a control signal for changing the first frequency and output first parallel data including first frame information, a detector to generate a collision avoidance command to change the first frequency to a second frequency during a vertical blanking time, and a frequency changer to receive the collision avoidance command from the detector and transmit a frequency change command to the link layer. The link layer transmits the control signal to the clock generator based on the frequency change command. The vertical blanking time is a time period from a first time point at which the first parallel data is not output from the link layer to a second time point at which second parallel data is output.

Abstract: An image device may include a clock generator to generate a first output clock of a first frequency, a link layer to generate a control signal for changing the first frequency and output first parallel data including first frame information, a detector to generate a collision avoidance command to change the first frequency to a second frequency during a vertical blanking time, and a frequency changer to receive the collision avoidance command from the detector and transmit a frequency change command to the link layer. The link layer transmits the control signal to the clock generator based on the frequency change command. The vertical blanking time is a time period from a first time point at which the first parallel data is not output from the link layer to a second time point at which second parallel data is output.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method of depositing a thin film on a substrate is provided that includes placing a substrate on a substrate support that is mounted in a processing region of a processing chamber, flowing a process fluid through a plurality of gas passages in a diffuser plate toward the substrate supported on the substrate support, wherein the diffuser plate has an upstream side and a downstream side and the downstream side has a substantially concave curvature, and each of the gas passages are formed between the upstream side and the downstream side, and creating a plasma between the downstream side of the diffuser plate and the substrate support.

Abstract: Embodiments of a gas diffuser plate for distributing gas in a processing chamber are provided. The gas distribution plate includes a diffuser plate having an upstream side and a downstream side, and a plurality of gas passages passing between the upstream and downstream sides of the diffuser plate. The gas passages include hollow cathode cavities at the downstream side to enhance plasma ionization. The depths, the diameters, the surface area and density of hollow cathode cavities of the gas passages that extend to the downstream end can be gradually increased from the center to the edge of the diffuser plate to improve the film thickness and property uniformity across the substrate. The increasing diameters, depths and surface areas from the center to the edge of the diffuser plate can be created by bending the diffuser plate toward downstream side, followed by machining out the convex downstream side. Bending the diffuser plate can be accomplished by a thermal process or a vacuum process.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method of depositing a thin film on a substrate is provided that includes placing a substrate on a substrate support that is mounted in a processing region of a processing chamber, flowing a process fluid through a plurality of gas passages in a diffuser plate toward the substrate supported on the substrate support, wherein the diffuser plate has an upstream side and a downstream side and the downstream side has a substantially concave curvature, and each of the gas passages are formed between the upstream side and the downstream side, and creating a plasma between the downstream side of the diffuser plate and the substrate support.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for separating and preparing a therapeutic agent for chronic myelogenous leukimeia capable of effectively inhibiting growth of T315I, which is known as a mutation of a BCR-ABL fusion gene that causes chronic myelogenous leukemia, comprising the steps of: 1) preliminary extracting by adding ethyl acetate to finely chopped bark of Liriodendron tulipifera L., adding butanol to an extracted fluid for layer-separating an ethyl acetate layer and a butanol layer, removing the butanol layer, and decompression-condensing the remainder to obtain a crude extract; and 2) adding a C1-C3 lower alcohol aqueous solution and n-hexane to the obtained crude extract, removing lipids and water insoluble material dissolved in the n-hexane layer, and obtaining and separating a lower alcohol aqueous solution layer to separate and refine highly pure epi-tulipinolide and costunolide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing, as an active ingredient, a Liriodendron tulipifera L. bark extract for treating chronic myelogneous leukemia. More specifically, the present invention relates to the pharmaceutical composition, containing, as the active ingredient, the Liriodendron tulipifera L. bark extract useful in selectively inhibiting mutant enzyme T315I from a mutation of a BCR-ABL fusion gene that causes chronic myelogenous leukemia, and to a use of epi-Tulipinolide which is an active ingredient of the composition.

Abstract: Embodiments of a gas diffuser plate for distributing gas in a processing chamber are provided. The gas distribution plate includes a diffuser plate having an upstream side and a downstream side, and a plurality of gas passages passing between the upstream and downstream sides of the diffuser plate. The gas passages include hollow cathode cavities at the downstream side to enhance plasma ionization. The depths, the diameters, the surface area and density of hollow cathode cavities of the gas passages that extend to the downstream end can be gradually increased from the center to the edge of the diffuser plate to improve the film thickness and property uniformity across the substrate. The increasing diameters, depths and surface areas from the center to the edge of the diffuser plate can be created by bending the diffuser plate toward downstream side, followed by machining out the convex downstream side. Bending the diffuser plate can be accomplished by a thermal process or a vacuum process.

Abstract: Embodiments of a gas diffuser plate for distributing gas in a processing chamber are provided. The gas distribution plate includes a diffuser plate having an upstream side and a downstream side, and a plurality of gas passages passing between the upstream and downstream sides of the diffuser plate. The gas passages include hollow cathode cavities at the downstream side to enhance plasma ionization. The depths, the diameters, the surface area and density of hollow cathode cavities of the gas passages that extend to the downstream end can be gradually increased from the center to the edge of the diffuser plate to improve the film thickness and property uniformity across the substrate. The increasing diameters, depths and surface areas from the center to the edge of the diffuser plate can be created by bending the diffuser plate toward downstream side, followed by machining out the convex downstream side. Bending the diffuser plate can be accomplished by a thermal process or a vacuum process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sesquiterpene lactone-based pharmaceutical composition for treating gastrointestinal diseases. More particularly, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, containing as an active ingredient a sesquiterpene lactone-based derivative derived from parthenolide, for preventing or treating gastritis or gastric ulcers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sesquiterpene lactone-based pharmaceutical composition for treating gastrointestinal diseases. More particularly, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, containing as an active ingredient a sesquiterpene lactone-based derivative derived from parthenolide, for preventing or treating gastritis or gastric ulcers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sesquiterpene lactone-based pharmaceutical composition for treating gastrointestinal diseases. More particularly, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, containing as an active ingredient, a sesquiterpene lactone-based derivative derived from parthenolide, for preventing or treating gastritis or gastric ulcers.

Abstract: A fuel cell system including: a reformer to convert a fuel into hydrogen; a reformer chamber to contain air heated by the reformer; a fuel cell stack to convert the hydrogen into electricity; a first pump to supply an oxidant to the stack; and a second pump to supply the heated air to the stack, to preheat the stack. The system may also include a controller to control the operation of the system, such that the heated air is not supplied until it reaches a predetermined temperature, and the oxidant is not supplied and the stack is not operated, until the stack reaches a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: Embodiments of a gas diffuser plate for distributing gas in a processing chamber are provided. The gas distribution plate includes a diffuser plate having an upstream side and a downstream side, and a plurality of gas passages passing between the upstream and downstream sides of the diffuser plate. The gas passages include hollow cathode cavities at the downstream side to enhance plasma ionization. The depths, the diameters, the surface area and density of hollow cathode cavities of the gas passages that extend to the downstream end can be gradually increased from the center to the edge of the diffuser plate to improve the film thickness and property uniformity across the substrate. The increasing diameters, depths and surface areas from the center to the edge of the diffuser plate can be created by bending the diffuser plate toward downstream side, followed by machining out the convex downstream side. Bending the diffuser plate can be accomplished by a thermal process or a vacuum process.

Abstract: Embodiments of a gas diffuser plate for distributing gas in a processing chamber are provided. The gas distribution plate includes a diffuser plate having an upstream side and a downstream side, and a plurality of gas passages passing between the upstream and downstream sides of the diffuser plate. The gas passages include hollow cathode cavities at the downstream side to enhance plasma ionization. The depths, the diameters, the surface area and density of hollow cathode cavities of the gas passages that extend to the downstream end can be gradually increased from the center to the edge of the diffuser plate to improve the film thickness and property uniformity across the substrate. The increasing diameters, depths and surface areas from the center to the edge of the diffuser plate can be created by bending the diffuser plate toward downstream side, followed by machining out the convex downstream side. Bending the diffuser plate can be accomplished by a thermal process or a vacuum process.

Abstract: A fuel cell system quickly and efficiently preheats a frozen stack. The fuel cell system includes: a reformer which generates a reformate gas by reforming a fuel and is heated by a heat source unit; a stack which generates electricity by electrochemically reacting an oxidizer with hydrogen in the reformate gas; and a fluid flow controller which moves air around the reformer into an area around the stack, and which controls airflow on the basis of a temperature change of the stack, wherein the air is heated by the surface temperature of the reformer.